界面新闻记者 | 林子人

界面新闻编辑 | 姜妍

xianmeishuguanyupengpiduzhongxinwunianzhanchenhezuoxiangmudezuixintezhan“lawuer·dufeihuiguzhan：kuailedexuanlv”zuorikaimu。jinnianqiafengdufeishishi70zhounian，ruciguimodelawuer·dufeigezhanzaizhongguojubanshangshushouci。zhanlanyihangaihuihua、banhua、taocijifangzhipindengzaineide120yujianzuopin，yanzheyinxiangpai、yeshoupai、litizhuyi、zhuangshiyishudengxiandaizhuyiyishudeliubian，quanmianchengxianzheiwei20shiji“duliyishudashi”zaiyishushishangdechengjiu。

zhanlanyoupengpiduzhongxinxiandaiguanzangbuzhuren、yanjiudufeiyu20niandezhuanjiakelisidian·bulaiang（christian briend）cehua。bulaianggaosujiemianwenhua（id: booksandfun），weilecicizhanlan，pengpiduzhongxincongfaguo、xibanyadengdide20yuzuomeishuguanjiyishujigoujiediaolezhanpin，zheibeihouhaiyouzheimeyiduangushi：1953niandufeiqushihou，tadeyishuangaimilian·dufeijiangdufeigongzuoshizhongdezuopinxishujuanzengjilefaguozhengfu，tiaojianshizheixiezuopinxuyaozaifaguobutongdiqudebowuguanhemeishuguanjinxingzhanchu。yincijinguanzheixiezuopindoubeijiluzaipengpiduzhongxindeguanzangzuopinqingdanshang，danguanzhongxianshaonengzaipengpiduzhongxintongshikandaotamen。cicihuiguzhantigongleyigenandedejihui，bafensanzaifaguogedidedufeizuopinhuijizaiyiqi，yongquanxindezhanchenfangshichengxianjizhongguoguanzhong。

suiranzaixifangyishushishang，lawuer·dufei（raoul dufy）shiyiweiyubaboluo·bijiasuo、hengli·madisi、make·xiajiaerqimingdedashi，danzhongguoguanzhongduitaxiangduimosheng。bencizhanlanyisanfuchuangzuoyubutongshiqideyishujiazihuaxiangkaipian，xiangguanzhongjieshaotashishei。

1877nian，dufeichushengyufaguonuomandidegongyegangkouchengshileafuer，zheizuochengshiyeshifaguoyinxiangpaideqiyuandi。dufeizaoqideyishushijiancengzaixiandaiyishugegeliupaizhijian“liudong”。tacongyinxiangpaiqibu，yu1905nianjiaruyeshoupai，youzaibaoluo·saishangdeyingxiangxiayu1908niankaishichanglitizhuyi，zaiduozhongyishufenggezhongmosuo，zhidao20shijizhongqixingchengzijidefengge，congcibuzaiyurenhetedingdeyishuyundongxiangguanlian，ershiyuxiajiaer、madisihebijiasuodengshaoshutongshidaiyishujiayiyang，chengwei20shijide“duliyishudashi”。

dufeishiyiweigaochandeyishujia，qieshelieduogelingyu。tabujinzaihuihualingyuqudelechenggong，yecanyulexuduodaguimodegonggongyishuweituoxiangmu——1937nian，tashoufaguobalishijiebolanhuideweirenchuangzuolejuxingbihua《dianqijingling》，zaizheifuzuopinzhong，tamiaomolecongguzhijindeyalishiduode、ajimide、da·fenqi、jialilve、niudun、aidisheng、julifurendeng111weizhexuejia、kexuejiahesixiangjiadexiaoxiang，jieheshenhuagushihexiandaishenghuodejutichangjing，zhanxianrenleiziguyilaizaidianxuefangmianqudedechengjiu。dufeiwanniantongguobanhuaxingshizaihui《dianqijingling》，zheishizheijianzuopinshouciliangxiangzhongguo。tashiyiweigaochandezhuangshiyishujia，congguatanzhizuo、taociyishu，daoxijuzhuangshisheji、shujichahua，junzuochulezhongyaodegongxian。

dufeidezuopinsecaimingliang，xiantiaoshengdong，qiemiaohuilezhuduo20shijishangbanyerichangshenghuodechangjing。yishupinglunjiamenzhuyidao，chuleshengminghouqishouzhanzhengyingxiangdeyixiezuopin，dufeicongweihuaguobeishangdehuazuo，qiyuzhongbutongdexiandaizhuyitixianle20shijizuiweileguandeyimian，“kuaile”、“xingfu”dengguanjiancichangchangbeiyonglaixingrongdufeidezuopin。zaizhanlankaimuzhiji，bulaiangjieshoulejiemianwenhuadecaifang，tagaosujiemianwenhua，zaoxiandeyishupinglunrenweidufeidezuopin“bugoushenke”，dansuizheshijiantuiyi，yishushiyanjiuzheduitadekanfayefashenglezhuanbian。dufeisuiranzaishengqianbushenguanzhuzhanzheng、zainanzheixierenjiancanju，dantaduirichangshenghuoxijiedekehua，tebieshiduikexuejishujinbudeqianglieguanzhu，rangtadezuopinjuyoulejilushidaideshehuixuehuorenleixueyiyi。zheiyishizheiweiyishujiazaixifangyishushizhongyongyuanzhanyouyixizhididezhongyaoyuanyin。

yixiaweibencicaifangdeduihuabufen。

界面文化：请介绍一下拉乌尔·杜菲是谁，他在法国及西方艺术史上的地位是怎样的？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：kenengduizhongguoguanzhonglaishuo，lawuer·dufeibushiyigefeichangzhimingdeyishujia。danqishizai20shijishangbanye，tazaiouzhoushiyiweixiangdangzhimingdeyishujia，yubijiasuo、madisi、xiajiaerjuyoutongdengdediwei。zaoxiandeyishupinglunzheirenwei，dufeidechuangzuohenduoshejikuaile、xingfuzheixieqingsongyuyuedeshiwu，bugoushenke。dansuizheshijiandetuiyi，womenduidufeidekanfayefashenglezhuanbian。muqianwomenhuiyouyizhongquanxinderenshi，renweidufeishijishangxiangdangjuyouqianzhanxing，tabujinshiyiweizaixiandaiyishuliupaizhongjuyouzhongyaodiweideyishujia，yezaitadechuangzuozhongchengxianchulexiangdangdexiandaixing。

tazaichuangzuozhongjijuliudongxing，tasuomiaohuideshijiebushiyigeyichengbubiande、ninggudeshijie，ershifeichangliudongde，zaitadezuopinzhongtayiyizhongneizaideliudongxingquchengxianmeideguannian。erqietashiyigefeichanggaochande，zhangqijinxingyishuchuangzuodeyishujia，zhidaowannianlinzhongzhiqiantadouzaichuangzuo。

dufeihebijiasuo、madisi、xiajiaeryiyang，zai20shijishangbanyedexianfengyishuliupaizhongkechengweiduliyishudashi。tajuyouyizhongyuzhongbutongdeyishulinian，duiyishuchuangzuojinxinglefeichangshenkedechuangxin。tadechushengdileafuershiyinxiangpaidedanshengdi，buguodufeichushengbijiaowan，kenengshizai1901niancaikaishijiechuyinxiangpai。ranhouzai1905nian-1906nian，yejiushiyeshoupaizaibalikaishizhanlutoujiaodeshihou，tayoukaishijiechuyeshoupai。baboluo·bijiasuoheqiaozhi·bulakekaichuanglelitizhuyihou，tayoukaishishelielitizhuyi。keyishuo，dufeixiangbianselongyiyang，buduandiqushiyingbutongdeyishuhuanjing。

danzi1924niankaishi，tazhujianquelilezijideyishufengge，bingyizhichixudaoqiyishushengyawannian。1930niandai，taduidaxingzhuangshiyishufeichangganxingqu，chuangzuolehenduozheifangmiandezuopin，tongshiyetixianletaduidangshidekejijinbudeguanzhu。daoletadewannian，yejiushibencizhanlandezuihouyigezhangjie，takaishibaheisezuoweiyizhongdutedezhutiquchengxian，zheiqishiyeshitaduiyuzijideyishushengyahuozherenshengdegaiguandinglun。

suoyi，womenkeyiduidufeidefenggezuosanfangmiandezongjie：diyi，tadechuangzuosuduhenkuai，henyouzixin，keyishuoshiyizhongjixingchuangzuo，erqietawangwanghuitupoxiantiaodelunkuolaigoulesecai；dier，taduisecaideduteyunyong，tahuiyongyouhuayanliaofahuichushuicaihuadexiaoguo，feichangqingchetouming，taduociyuhuaxuejiahezuoyanfanenggoubiaoxiandutesecaidexinyanliao；lingwai，dufeishiyiweishiyefeichangguangfandeyishujia，congzuizhuliudehuihuachuangzuodaobijiaoxiaozhongdezhuangshiyishu，birutaocihefangzhi，douyoushelie。dufeiduibutongdeyishumenleimeiyoushangxiazhifen，tajiweibalishijiebolanhuichuangzuojuxingbihua，yeweiliangdefuzhuangchangshejishizhuang，haiwanchengguohenduochahuazuopin。

界面文化：那么我们可以说杜菲是一位更加偏商业化的艺术家吗？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：jishiyebushi。shouxian，womendequekeyishuodufeishiyiweishangyehuadeyishujia，bencizhanlanzhanchulehenduotaweigongyejieheshishangjiechuangzuodezuopin，tadechuangzuozhutiyeyouhenduoshiguanyudangshizhongyaodeshangyehuodong，birusaima，tongshitayejieshouhenduogukedeweiyuechuangzuo。dufeizaishangyeshangqudelehendadechenggong，birushuotaweishishangjiechuangzuodeyixiezuopindoujijushishangjiazhi，danwomenbingbunengyincijiushuolawuer·dufeibidangshideqitayishujiagengshangye。xiangxiajiaerzheiyangdeyishujiayehuishelieshishangsheji。

其实蓬皮杜中心的拉乌尔·杜菲馆藏有一个很大的特点。这些作品都是杜菲去世之后保cunzaitadegongzuoshilidezuopin，tamenkenengshidufeixiangyaobaoliuxialaideduizijiguowangchuangzuodelishidangan，tamenjiluletadeyishufenggebianhua，youhengaodeyanjiujiazhi。conglingyigejiaodulaishuo，zheixiezuopinbingbushoushouzangjiadeguanzhuyuqinglai，keyishuoshifeichangdebushangye。

界面文化：中文互联网内人们给拉乌尔·杜菲贴的标签是“法国野兽派画家”。你刚才提到了杜菲一生之中创作风格非常多变，并且在进入艺术成熟期后就成为了一位独立艺术大师。杜菲本人是如何形容自己的艺术风格的，法国的艺术史学者又是怎样去定义他的？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：jiandandibadufeiguileiweiyiweiyeshoupaihuajiashifeichangbuzhunquede，jiqiyoujuxian。womenzhidao，yeshoupaicunzaideshijianbingbuzhang，erqiedufeibingbushiyeshoupaidezhuyaodaibiaorenwu，yeshoupaidedaibiaoshibulake、bijiasuohemadisi。zhidezhuyideshi，dufeibingmeiyouzai1905nianyeshoupaizhanlan（zhu：baliqiujishalongzhanlan）shangzhanchuguotadezuopin。

qishidufeibenrenbingmeiyouduizijideyishufenggezuochuguoshenmejutidepingshu，zaifaguo，womenyeshenmeshi“dufeifengge”yemeiyouyigemingquededingyi。danzhiyaowomenkandaotadezuopin，tidaotademingzi，jiuhuixiangdaowomenzaigangcaideduihuazhongtidaodeneixietese。

界面文化：“快乐”是本次展览标题中的关键词，也常常被用来形容杜菲的作品。纯粹的快乐和乐观主义可能是浅薄的，特别是当我们考虑到这位艺术家经历过整个20世纪上半叶，那是一段充满了战争和动乱的时期。所以到底是什么让杜菲成为一位西方艺术史中不可忽视的人物？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：dufeiduikuaile、xingfuhuoqingsongdelijieyufaguochuantongwenhuashiyoumiqieguanxide。womenkeyizaitadechuangzuozhongkandaohenduokuaile、xingfu、youmodetixian，zhidaojintianwomenyirankeyizaifalanximinzudejingshenzhuangtaizhongkandaozheiyidian。zhiqianhenduoguanyulawuer·dufeidezhanlandouhuishiyong“kuaile”、“xingfu”zheixieciyuzuoweizhanlanzhuti，danwoxiangtuchudeshi，bencizhanlanbiaotizhongdelingwaiyigeguanjianci“xuanlv”yeshifeichangzhongyaode。woxiangtongguozheigecixiangzhongguoguanzhongshuoming，qishiyinleyeshidufeiyishushengyazhongfeichangzhongyaodeyigeyuansu。

界面文化：杜菲描绘了很多当时人日常生活的场景。对那些不是特别了解20世纪上半叶法国社会文化的中国观众，你是否能介绍一下他作品中的重要主题有哪些？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：dufeizaiqiyishushengyazhizhongduizainan、zhanzhengzheixiekeweirenjiancanjudezhutibushitebieguanxin，tagengduomiaoshudeshirenshengdexingfukuaile。tamiaohuilehenduolongzhongdeqingdianchanghe，biruyingwangdejiamian、falanxigongheguodeshehuiqingdianhuodong、saimadengtiyuhuodong。tashiyigeduixiandaishehuishenghuojinxinghenduomiaohuideyishujia。erqiedufeiyeshiyiweifeichangyuanyitourudaojuxingzhuangshiyishuzuopinchuangzuozhongdeyishujia，tajieshouguohenduosiyingqiyeyijifaguozhengfuyaoyuequchuangzuojuxingbihuahuozhuangshizuopin。

dufeiduikexuejishudejinbufeichangganxingqu，1937nianfaguoshijiebolanhuiyaoqingtachuangzuole《dianqijingling》，zheifubihuahuigule20shijichubaokuodianlizaineidesuoyoukejijinbudelicheng。weilechuangzuozheifuzuopin，dufeijinxinglezhangqidechoubei，tameitiandouhuidaizhesuxiebenheqianbiquyejinchang、guangbodiantai、gongchangdengdishidixieshengkaocha。lingwai，taduiguanggaozheizhongquanxindeyishuxingshiyefeichangganxingqu，1906nian，tachuangzuoleyifuyouhuajiushiyifaguojietoudeguanggaopaiweizhutide。zheikeyishuoshidufeiyuqitatongdaiyishujiajieranbutongdetese，womenzaimadisihuobijiasuoshenshangwanquankanbudao——tamenduidangshidexiandaigongyefazhanshiwanquanbuganxingqude。

界面文化：对于来观展的中国观众，你有什么特别推荐吗？

克里斯蒂安·布莱昂：wozaichoubeicicizhanlandeshihou，xiwangguanzhongdezhuyilinengcongtouzhiweibeimeiyijianzuopinxiyin。kenengzaibutongdezhangjiezhong，womenhuiyouyixiegaoguangzuopin，yixiegengzhiming、gengxiyinyanqiudezuopin，danzheibingbuyiweizheqitazuopinjiubuzhongyao。womenxiwangzhongguoguanzhongzaiguanzhanguochengzhongbuyiloumeiyigedutedejiaodu，zhiyouzheiyangcainengduidufeiyishengdechuangzuoyouwanzhenglijie。

（2023年11月10日-2024年2月25日，“拉乌尔·杜菲回顾展：快乐的旋律”在上海西岸美术馆展出。）