界面新闻记者 |
meiguozhengfudafutigaozhenduizhongguochukou“xinsanyang”dengzhongdianchanpindeguanshuishuilv。
5yue14ri，meiguobaigongfabushengmingcheng，jiangdafutigaocongzhongguojinkoudediandongqiche、lidianchi、taiyangnengdianchi、gangtiehelv、qizhongjidengchanpindeguanshui。qizhong，zhenduidiandongqichedeguanshuiyoumuqiande25%tishengzhi100%。
baigongcheng，cicizhenduizhongguo“bugongpingmaoyixingwei”defanzhixingdong，miaozhunlezhanlvexingxingye，suozhengshouguanshuidezhongguojinkouchanpinjiazhi180yimeiyuan(yuehe1302yiyuanrenminbi)。
zai14rijuxingdezhongguowaijiaobujizhehuishang，waijiaobufayanrenwangwenbinbiaoshi，zhongfangyiguanfanduiweifanshimaoguize，danfangmianjiazhengguanshui，zhongfangjiangcaiquyiqiebiyaocuoshiweihuzishenzhengdangquanyi。
作为中国出口“新三样”，电动汽车、锂电池、太阳能电池等新能源产品均在此次美国提高关税的产品清单上。qunian，“xinsanyang”chanpinchukoueshoucitupowanyiyuandaguan。
根据白宫的上述声明，针对中国车用锂电池的关税税率今年将从7.5%提高到25%，到2026年，非车用锂电池的关税税率将从7.5%提高到25%。此外，电池部件、天然石墨以及部分关键矿产的税率也将在2024-2026年间陆续提高到25%。
zhongguohuaxueyuwulidianyuanxingyexiehuiyuanmishuzhangliuyanlongxiangjiemianxinwenfenxicheng，cicimeiguozhengfujiazhengguanshui，yujihuiduizhongguolidianchichukouzaochengjiaodayingxiang。
genjuhaiguanzongshuwangzhanpiludetongjishuju，2020-2024nian，meiguoyilianxusinianchengweizhongguolidianchichukoudediyidamudedi。qunian，zhongguochukouzhimeiguodelidianchijinedadao135.49yimeiyuan(yuehe979yiyuanrenminbi)，zhanchukouzongede20.8%。
jinnianyijidu，meiguorengranshizhongguolidianchidediyidachukoumudedi，zhanchukouzongede22%，jinedadao29.08yimeiyuan(yuehe210yiyuanrenminbi)。
lidianchihangaidonglidianchi、chunengdianchihexiaofeileidianchidengbutongchanpinleixing。shangshutongjibingweipiluguoneilidianchichukoudejutifenleixinxi。
界面新闻就美国政府加征关税一事联系宁德时代(300750.SZ)、中创新航(03931.HK)、国轩高科(002074.SZ)、亿纬锂能(300014.sz)dengguoneizhuyaolidianchiqiye，junweijiucizuochuhuiying。
zhongchuangxinhangqunianlaizimeiguoshichangdexiaoshoushouruwei4404wanyuan，zhanquannianyingshoude0.1%zuoyou。ningdeshidai、guoxuangaokeyijiyiweilinengjunweigongbuqimeiguoshichangdejutixiaoshoushuju。
meiguociqianyitongguolifaduibendixinnengyuanchanyetigongbutiedengfangshi，jiangdiduizhongguolidianchitebieshidonglidianchichanyeliandeyilai。qunianshishide《tongzhangxuejianfaan》，guliqiyezaibeimeijianlidonglidianchichanyelian，bingweizaibeimeidiqujinxingzuzhuangdediandongqichetigonglemeiliang7500meiyuandelianbangshuishoudimian，danduiqisuodazaidonglidianchizhongdeguanjiankuangwu、zujiandenglaiyuanyouzheyangebiaozhun。
去年12月，美国政府还进一步发布了《<通胀削减法案>waiguominganshitizhinan》mingquecong2024niankaishi，hanyouyouwaiguominganshitizhizaohuozuzhuangdedianchizujiandecheliangjiangshiqushangshushuishoudimianzige。
suoyouzaizhongguozhucechenglihuozhongguozhengfuchiyouqi25%jiyishanggufendegongsi，doujiangbeishiweiwaiguominganshiti。cijuzhizaibimianzhongguoqiyecongmeiguozhengfutigongdeshangshushuishoudimianzhongshouyi，mianxiangmeiguoshichangdelidianchichukouyeyincishoudaoboji。
liuyanlongxiangjiemianxinwenfenxicheng，meiguo《tongzhangxuejianfaan》xianzhizhongguolidianchixiangshoushuishoudimiandetiaokuan，yizaijinnianyijidudechukoushujuzhongdedaotixian。gaijidu，zhongguochukouzhimeiguodelidianchijinetongbixiajiang11.2%，chukoushuliangyexiahuale55.6%。chufaanyinsuyingxiangwai，youyuyuancailiaojiagechuxianxiahua，lidianchichukoujiagetongbidafuxiajiang，yeshichukoujinexiahuadezhongyaoyuanyin。
根据白宫的上述声明，针对进口自中国的太阳能电池(无论是否组装成模块)，美国政府从今年起将关税税率从25%提高到50%。
baigongshengmingzhichu，tigaoguanshuishiweifangzhizhongguozhengcequdongdechannengguosheng，zheizhongguoshengyadilejiage，yizhilezhongguoyiwaitaiyangnengchannengdefazhan。
shengmingcheng，zhongguoliyongbugongpingdezuofazhudaolequanqiutaiyangnenggongyinglian80%-90%yishangdemouxiebufen，bingshituweichizheizhongxianzhuang。zhongguodezhengcehefeishichangzuofazhengzaixiangquanqiushichangdaliangtigongrenweilianjiadetaiyangnengzujianhedianchiban，pohuaileduizhongguoyiwaitaiyangnengzhizaoyedetouzi。
jinnianyilai，oumeiguojiayixieguanyuanpinfanchaozuosuoweidezhongguoxinnengyuanlingyu“channengguosheng”lun。meiguocaizhengbuzhangzhennite·yelundengnianneifanghuademeiguoguanyuan，yejiusuoweidezhongguoxinnengyuanlingyuchannengguosheng，niuququanqiujiageheshengchanmoshixiangzhongfangbiaodaguanqie。
jiushangshu“channengguosheng”lun，shangwubu、fagaiweidengbumenyixianhouzuochuhuiying。shangwubuxinwenfayanrencheng，zhongguoxinnengyuanchanyechixutigongyouzhichanneng，duiquanqiulvsefazhanzuochuzhongyaogongxian。youguanguojiahediqubunengyibiangaojulvsefazhandedaqi，yibianhuiwubaohuzhuyidedabang。zheishidianxingdezixiangmaodunheshuangzhongbiaozhun。
baigongshengmingzhongdeshujuxianshi，zaibaidengzhengfuqianshude《tongzhangxuejianfaan》zhichixia，taiyangnengzhizaoshangyijingxuanbujihuatouzijin170yimeiyuan(yuehe1229yiyuanrenminbi)，zheijiangshimeiguodezhizaonenglizengjia8bei，zuyizai2030nianqianmeinianweishubaiwanjiatinggongyingdianchiban。
中国光伏海外贸易壁垒问题存在已久。美国此前先后通过“双反”、201关税、301关税等方式对中国光伏贸易进行限制。4月下旬，美国还被曝欲对中国光伏产业重启新一轮双反调查。
gaoshuilvzhixia，zhongguoguangfuzujianqiyezhinengxunqiudaodongnanyashechang。zhongguoguangfuxingyexiehuishujuxianshi，jinliangnianmeiguobingweichuxianzaizhongguoguangfuchanpinqianshidachukoushichangzhong。
zhongguojidianshanghuishujuxianshi，2023nian，zhongguoguangfudianchipianduimeiguochukou334.7wanmeiyuan，zhanguangfudianchichukouzongebuzu0.1%；zhongguoguangfuzujianchanpinduimeichukou1314.7wanmeiyuan，zhanzongzujianchukouzongede0.03%。
yinquefawanzhengdeguangfuchanyelianjizugouchanneng，meiguoguangfuchanpingaoduyilaijinkou。muqian，meiguodaduoshutaiyangnengchanpinjinkouzidongnanya。gaidichukoudaomeiguodeguangfuzujianyuezhangaiguozongjinkouliangde80%，qieduoyoucididezhongguogongsishengchan。duiguangfuchanpinjinkouguanshuideguankong，jiangdaozhimeiguoguangfuxiangmuchengbendetisheng，kongyingxiangqiguangfujianshe。
白宫的上述声明提及，对于从中国进口的港口起重机，美国政府也计划在今年将关税税率由0%提高到25%。baigongcheng，gangkouqizhongjishijichusheshidezhongyaozuchengbufen，shiguanjianhuowunenggouchixujinchumeiguohezaimeiguojingneiliudong，zhengfuzhengzaicaiquxingdongjianqingduimeiguogongyingliandeqianzaifengxian。
jinnian2yue，meiguozongtongbaidengqianshuleyixiangxingzhengmingling，fuyumeiguohaianjingweiduigengdadequanliyijianguangangkoudewangluoanquan，bingjihuazaiweilaiwunianneitouzi200duoyimeiyuan(yuehe1446yiyuanrenminbi)yongyugangkouanquanjianshe，qizhongbaokuozaimeiguoguoneizhizaogangkouqizhongji。
duojiawaimeibaodaocheng，meifangrenshizhichu，cijushiweilegenghuanmeiguogangkoushiyongdesuoyouzhongguozhizaogangkouqizhongji，zhongguozhizaodeqizhongjiduimeiguoguojiaanquangouchengqianzaifengxian。baigongtigongdeshujucheng，meiguogangkouyoujin80%、gong200duotaiqizhongjiweizhongguozhizao。
全球最大的港口起重机提供商振华重工(600320.SH)suihouhuiyingcheng，gongsizhuyidaomeiguozhengfuzuijinjiyumeiguogangkoudewangluoanquangulvsuocaiqudexingdong，yijixiangguanmeitibaodaoshengchengzhenhuazhonggongdeqizhongjishanganzhuangle“fengwodiaozhijiediaoqi”。zhenhuazhonggongrenzhenduidaimeifanggulv，bingrenweizheixiebaodaozaimeiyouchongfenshishishenchadeqingkuangxiarongyiwudaogongzhong。
duiyumeiguocicijiazhengguanshui，zhenhuazhonggongzanweihuiyingjiemianxinwendecaifang。danqiciqiancengpilu，gaigongsizaimeiyewuzhanbibudao10%。
此外，白宫还计划提高自中国进口的部分钢铁和铝产品关税，税率将从今年起由0%-7.5%提高到25%。
2023nian，zhongguoduimeiguogangcaizhijiechukouliang85wandun，zhanzhongguogangcaizongchukouliangde0.9%；tongqi，zhongguoxiangmeiguochukoulvcaiyue24wandun，zhanzhongguochukouzongliangde4.5%。
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