wen｜《zhongguoqiyejia》jizhe zhaodongshan

编辑｜马吉英

zuijin，leijunhenxihuanwangyoujitadexinchenghu——“leichangzhang”。chuangye14nian，congzhinengshoujidaozhinengjiajuzaidaozhinengqiche，leijunhexiaomizhengyuelaiyueduodicanyudaozhizaohuanjiezhizhong。

raner，qicheshengchanhenfuza，gongyingliantiaohenzhang，zheiyiweizheleijunyaozuodeguanlijuecenanduyegengda。7yue19riwan，leijunzaiqi2024niandudegerenyanjiangzhong，shouduhuiyilezaochedexinlulicheng。

来源：受访者

leijunhuiyi，zaoche3nianlai，tashijiale170duoliangche，jilule20duowanzideshijiabijiheziliao。tahaidulehenduoqichejutoudechuanji，shenzhibaguoqukanguodesaichedianyingquanbuzhaochulaizhongkanleyibian。kanwanzhihouyoutebieduogankai，tafaxianfalali、baoshijiezhisuoyizuodehao，shiyinweichuangshirendoushisaicheshou。

yushi，leijunjizijidingle“xiaomubiao”：wonengbunengchengweikaichezuihaodeguoneicheqilaobanzhiyi？wonengbunengqukaisaiche？weilebasaichexuehao，leijunmaileyigeqizhoumoniqi，zaijiatoutoulian，chilebushaoku。jingliduocichongchusaidaohezhuangchezhihou，zhongyunadaolesaichejiazhao，bingzaiyanjiangxianchangzhanshilezijijiashixiaomisu7piaoyidechangmian。

leijunhaitidao，gangkaishixuanbuzaocheshi，youduojiavcjixiaomiqichekailejia，guzhi100yimeiyuan。dantazuihoujujuele，tarenweizaochezhouqihenzhang，ruguonalebierendeqian，xiangfayaohebierenzhangshijianbaochiyizhi，shijihubukenengde。zuihouleijunjueding，xiaomiquanzizijigan，qianquanbuzijitao，fengxianquanbuzijikang。

小米SU7上市前两三个月，雷军邀请汽车业内的23位朋友办了一场小型沟通会，请大家出主意。结果让他万万没想到——绝大部分人不看好。大家认为，这车每个月能卖3000辆就要烧高香了。

leijunxinliyehenmeiyoudi，jinnian2yueyaoquedingxiaomiqichedequannianchannengshi，taneixinfeichangmaodun。“dingduoledanxinmaibudiao，dingshaoledanxinbugoumai，dajiayoumawojieyingxiao。”leijunhuiyi。

来源：受访者

henduorenjianyileijunnianchannengdingwei3wanliang，zuizhong，leijundingdeshi76,000liang。zheiyiweizhechuqupaposhijian，yuexiaoyaodadao1wanliang。erzaichundianjiaochelingyu，yuexiao1wandezhiyouyiliangche，jiushitesilademodel 3。

lingleijunmeixiangdaodeshi，3yue28riwansu7fabuhou，4fenzhongdadingjiutupo1wan，27fenzhongpo5wan。jinnian5yue，xiaomiqichezhongxindiaozhenglejiaofumubiao：jinnianbaodijiao10wanliang，lizheng12wanliang。leijunzaiyanjiangzhongtoulu，xiaomisu7quannian10wanliangdejiaofumubiaoyuji11yuejiukeyitiqianwancheng。

2024nian，xinnengyuanqicheshichangjingzhengyichangjilie，zaibairehuadejiagezhanzhiwai，baojiaofuyechengweigedaqichechangshangjingzhengdeguanjian。duiyuxinrujudexiaomiqicheeryan，zaiyonghudingdanfenzhitalaidetongshi，channengyaliyesuizhierlai。

01 交付压力

weiyubeijingyizhuangmajuqiaodexiaomiqichegongchang，kaigongbudaolianggeyuejiumangliuleqilai。cong2024nian6yuekaishi，zheilikaiqile“shuangbanmoshi”，rishengchanshizhangcong8xiaoshizengjiazhi16xiaoshi。zaoshang8dianqian，gongrenmenluxuconglouxinzhuangfujindegongchangsushejinruxiaomiqichegongchang。

“guoquyigeyueli，xiaomiqichegongchangdegongrenshucong1000duorenjizengdao2000duoren。”yiweixiaomiqichegongchangneiburenshigaosu《zhongguoqiyejia》。gongchangyuanquneigongfenweiyazhu、cheshen、tuzhuang、dianchideng6gechejian，chejianwaibufenbieyongxingmudeliangchengseheshuzizuolebiaozhu。

cheshenchejianli，400duotaijiqirenpeihe400duogegaojingdudeshexiangtou，chuansuozaigongchangtongdaozhijian，shusonggezhongpeijianheyuanliao，bianzoubianbofangyinle，peihezhegongrenmendegongzuo。dingdandezengjia，daozhixiaomiqichedejiaofuyalizhengbuduanpansheng。

zaozai4yue3rideshoupixiaomiqichejiaofuyishishang，leijunjiubiaoshi，xiaomisu7kaishouduanduanjitianshijian，jiuyouchaoguo10wanrendading，suodanliangyijingchaoguo4wandan。“xiaomisu7dedingdanliangbiyuqigaochule3~5bei。”

ciqian，genjuxiaomiqicheappshangdeshujuxianshi，xiaomisu7biaozhunbansuodingdingdanhouyuji29~32zhoujiaofu，xiaomisu7 prosuodingdingdanhouyuji30~33zhoujiaofu，xiaomisu7 maxsuodingdingdanhouyuji33~36zhoujiaofu。

2023niandi，leijunzaijieshouyangshicaifangshijiucengbiaoshi：“wotebiedanxinyishanglaibuhuo，dajiadoubumai；gengdanxindeshiruguodajiadoulaimai，zheiyidengyaodengyiliangnian，kendinghuibeimacanle，qishishigezhonghenjiaolvdeqingxu。”

zai2024nian5yue23ridexiaomidiyijiducaibaoyejihuishang，xiaomijituanzongcailuweibingjieshao，xiaomiqichegongchangyouxinxin6yuefendangyuejiaofu1wantai，quebao2024nianquannianjiaofuchaoguo10wantai，bingtiaozhanquannian12wantaidemubiao。

7yue2ri，genjuzhongguoqicheliutongxiehuichengyongcheshichangxinxilianxifenhuifabudeshujuxianshi，xiaomiqiche6yuepifaxiaoliang11603liang。yizukecankaodeshujushi，dangyuexiaopengqichedexiaoliangwei10668liang，lvediyuxiaomi；lixiangqichedexiaoliangwei47774liang，tesilazhongguodexiaoliangwei71007liang，biyadidexiaoliangwei340211liang。

leijuncengbiaoshi，xiaomiqichegongchangmeixiaoshikeshengchan40liangxiaomisu7，mei76miaojiukeyiyouyiliangxinchexiaxian。yicijisuan，kaiqishuangbanmoshishengchanhou，xiaomiqichegongchangmanchanyuechannengyouwangtishengzhijin20000liangdeshuiping。

cong4yue3rishoucijiaofukaishi，jinyongshi43tianshijian，xiaomisu7dejiaofuliangbiantupole10000liang。leijunyefawencheng，zheiduixiaomilaishuoshiyigezhongdalichengbei。

02 必经的产能地狱

meiyigexinjinruqichelingyudeqiye，sihudouhuijingliyiduanjiannandechannengpaposuiyue，youqishineixiekuajiejinrudetiaozhanzhe。yulaizai2018nianipoqiandelianggeyue，gonghuode17000geyijiaofudingjindees8dingdan，shengchanes8chaoguo1300tai，jiaofu481taies8，jiaofulvjinwei2.8%。

dangshijiemianxinwenbaodaocheng，“yulaisannianrongzizongeyijingchaoguo100yiyuanrenminbi，danrengweiwanchengchannengpapo。”

7nianqiandetesila，tongyangjinglilejiannandechannengdiyujieduan。2017nian7yue，model 3kaishizhengshitouchanxiaxian，qidongliangchanjihua，masikejitesilagongchangshedingdemubiaoshimeizhoushengchanchu5000liangmodel 3。

tajigongsizuoguogezhongjisuan，ruguozuobudaozheigeliangchansudu，gongsizijinjiuhuihaojin。

weileshixianzheiyiliangchanmubiao，cong2017nian3yuedao2018nian6yuedi，masikezhengtianpaozaigongchangli，congtesilaneihuadazhoushengchandianchidechaojigongchangdaofulimengtezhengchezhuangpeichang，zhuzhuagongchangchejiandegongzuo，meitianzhishui4~5gexiaoshi，haijingchangzaigongchanglidadipu。

aisakesenzai《masikechuan》zhongxiedao：“masikezuiguanzhugongchanglideyikuaixianshiping，shangmiankeyikandaozhenggezhuangpeixiandegongweiyunxingqingkuang，bingbiaoyouhonglvdeng。

masikexiangxiongyiyangzaigongchanglikuaisuyidong，zouxiangtakandaodemeiyigehongdeng，baogenwendidizhiwenyuanyin。”masikeyaoqiuyuangongzhiyimeiyixiangyaoqiu，tichuqizhongbubiyaodehuanjieheshezhi，zuiduodeshihoutayitianzaigongchangxiada100duodaomingling，baokuochaichu“yuchun”dejiqirenzidonghuazhuangzhi。

zhidao2018nian5yuexiaxun，tesilafulimengtegongchangmeizhouzuiduoyezhinengshengchan3500liangmodel 3，julimasike5000liangmubiaohaiyou1500liangdechaju。

weici，masikebudebudailinggongrenmenzaigongchangjiutingchechangshanglinshidajianyitiaozhuangpeixian。dangnian7yue1rilingchen1dian53fen，dangguazhe“di5000liangche”hengfudeheisemodel 3xiaxianshi，masikexiangsuoyoutesilayuangongfasongleyitiaoxiaoxi：“womenchenggongle！……womenchuangzaoleyizhongtupobukenengdequanxinjiejuefangan……zheibiaozhizhewomenganggangchengweiyijiazhenzhengdecheqi。”

03 小米汽车赶路

tesilayizhishixiaomiqichexuexidebangyang。jinnian3yuexiaomiqichefabuhuizhihou，leijunzaijieshoubaokuo《zhongguoqiyejia》zaineidemeiticaifangshicengbiaoshi：“tesiladedianhaobiwomenzuodehaohenduo，wotoulehenduoqiancainengdadaotazheigeshuiping，tesilajueduizhidewomenxuexi，zuishaoxuegesanwunian。”leijunjishitesilachezhu，yeshibaoshijiechezhu。

tarenweizheilianggepinpai，yigedaibiaodianche，yigedaibiaopaoche，doushiqichegongyelishishangdeshidaibiaogan。“dangxiaomijuedingyaozaocheshi，kendingyaohequanqiuzuihaodechechangbi，ruguolianbidoubuganbi，kendingzuobuhao。”zaichannengshang，xiaomiqichetongyangzainulizhuigantesiladengtongxing。2024nian3yue19ri，xiaomiqichechaojigongchangzhengshijiemu。

4yue3rishixiaomisu7zhengshijiaofuderiqi，baokuobeijing、shanghai、guangzhou、shenzhendengzaineidequanguo29chengdejiaofuzhongxinyetongbukaiqishoupijiaofu。

weiletishengchanneng，suoduanjiaofushijian，xiaomiqichegongchangconggegehuanjiexunzhaotishengxiaolvdekongjian。2024nianwuyijiaqiqijianhe7yuechu，xiaomiqichegongchangduigongchangshebeihechanxianjinxingleliangciweihuhegaizao，weiletishengbennianchannenghejiaofunenglizuozhunbei。

yucitongshi，《zhongguoqiyejia》jizhecongxiaomiqichemendiangongzuorenyuanchuhuoxi，weiletigaodingdanyushengchanpipeixiaolv，xiaomiqichecong6yue5ri0diankaishi，jiangxiaofeizhedadingsuodanyouyuqicong7tiansuoduandaole3tian，yijianshaobuquedingyinsu，shixianjinkuaisuodananpaishengchan。xiaomiqichedechannengtishengjihua，yezhengzaiduigongyingshangtichugenggaoyaoqiu。

huaerjiejianwenciqianbaodao，xiaomiqichezhengzaiyaoqiushangyougongyingshangtishenglingbujiangongyingliang，qizhongyileilingbujiancongmeigeyueyue1wantaozengjiazhizuijinde1.8wantaoyishang。

《zhongguoqiyejia》huoxi，xiaomisu7biaozhunbanzaicaiyongfudidianchizhiwai，haixinzengleningdeshidaidedianchi，liangzhezaixuhanglicheng、15fenzhongbuneng、zhengchehesandianxitongzhibaoshangyuyuanlaiwanquanyizhi。5yue25ri0shikaishisuodandebiaozhunbandingdan，jiangsuijifenpeidaozhuangpeifudihuoningdeshidaidianxindexiaomisu7biaozhunban。

chuleyishangcuoshizhiwai，xiaomiqichegongchanghaizaitongguokuodagongchangmianjizengjiachanxianlaitishengchanneng，xiaomiqichegongchangerqiyezhengzaichoujianzhong。jingkaiqufabudeguanyu《yizhuangxinchengyz00-0606jiequ0106dikuaiguihuazongheshishifangan》degongshixinxixianshi，muqianxiaomiqicheerqigongchangdeweizhiyijingnadaolegongyeyongdipishi，genjuciqianxiaoxi，gaigongchangyujijinniannianneikaigong，2025nianwangong。

anzhaorushangtidaodeguihuafangan，xiaomiqicheerqigongchangweiyuyizhuangxinchengdefangxindiancunhexiaozhangwancun，nianguihuachanneng15wanliang。《zhongguoqiyejia》jizhecongshidilejiedao，muqianzheiyiquyuyijingjinruchaiqianjieduan，biaozhixingjianzhu“fangxindian”depailouyijingbeichaichu。7yue2ri，xiaomiqicheguanfangzhanghaofabu《jixiaomisu7zhunchezhudeyifengxin》，qizhongtidao，xiaomisu7xiliejiaofujiangjinyibujiasu，suodanhouyujijiaofuzhouqizuigaokesuoduan5zhou。

yucitongshi，xiaomiqichedexiaoshoufuwuwangluoyizhihaizaikuozhang，6yue30rixiaomiqicheguanfangzhanghaogongbu，6yuefenxiaomiqichexinzeng17jiamendian，muqianquanguo30cheng、87jiamendianyikaiye。sannianduoqian，dangleijunzhanzaizaochedeshizilukoushi，shifenyouyuyujiujie。neishidexiaomi，zhengzhiduoshizhiqiu、neiwaijiaokun。

xiaomizaoche，yongqicongheerlai，ruhechongchuzhongwei？feichangouran，leijuncongshujiashangfandaole《renleiqunxingshanyaoshi》zheibenshu。shuzhongdeyijuhua，rangtaxiadinglezuihoudejuexin，“yigerenduiqijidexinnian，yongyuanshiyigeqijinenggouchanshengdeshouyaoqianti。”zaochesannianduo，meidangleijunyudaocuozhehepanghuangshi，douhuixiangqishuzhongjizaideneixiemingyunjianglindeshike，neixieyongqishanyaodeshunjian。

值班编辑｜郭立琦

审校｜吴莹

制作｜袁茂丽