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shangxianmiaokong,nianrubaiyiyuandedongfangshuye、ruixingmen,dingshangdedoushi“shangyinshengyi”

saoyisaoxiazaijiemianxinwenapp

上线秒空,年入百亿元的东方树叶、瑞幸们,盯上的都是“上瘾生意”

shipinyinliaoxingyebuquerangrenshangyindeshengyi。

文 | FBIF食品饮料创新 大君

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nengrangrenshangyindeshengyi,tongchangguiyinchanpinyongyoulingrenyishangyindewuzhihuokouwei。liru,zaichanpinzhongtianjiatanghuokafeiyin、chajian,doukenengrangxiaofeizheshangyin。

youmeiticengpandianguoneibaiyiyuanjiyinliaodadanpin。qizhong,jiuchenghantang,liuchenghankafeiyin。

danruguobafanweikuodadaoshiyiyuanjiyishangyinliaodadanpinzhong,jiuhuifaxianlingwaiyigexianxiang:tanghekafeiyinbushidujiamifang,jijiapinpaichanpinpeiliaoxiangsi、xiaoshouguimoquexiangchaxuanshudebingfeimeiyou。zheiyixianxiangzaikafeichayin、wutangchasaidaogengjiapubian。

huanjuhuashuo,tianjiayishangyinwuzhi,zhishirangrenshangyindekaishi。neixieranggengduorenshangyinderuixing、bawangchaji、dongfangshuyemen,haiyourangrengeng“shangtou”decaozuo。

《shangyin:rangyonghuyangchengshiyongxiguandesidachanpinluoji》(xiacheng《shangyin》)tichude“shangyinmoxing”renwei,yaorangyonghushangyin,qiyekeyicong4gefangmianxiagongfu:

qiyi,chufayonghuyuwang。zhenduichanpin,qiyeyaozuodediyijianshibushimingsikuxiangchanpintese,ershiyaomingbaiyonghuzaixuqiucengmiancunzainaxieruanleihuokunrao。

qier,rangyonghuxingdongqilai,goumaibingshiyongchanpin。

qisan,buduanjiangshangyonghu,cijiyonghuyizhishiyongchanpin。qizhongjiangshangyonghudefangfayoukefenweishejiaojiangshang、liewujiangshang、ziwojiangshang。

qisi,guliyonghuzhudongweichanpintouruyoujiazhidedongxi,zengjiazaicishiyongchanpinheshangyindekenengxing。[1]

《shangyin》fengmiguigu,beishiweihulianwanglingyude“chanpinshejizhinan”,dangaishuzuozhezhichu,renheyigenengjiechuxiaofeizheqianbaodelingyu,douyoukenengyunyongdao“shangyinmoxing”。erdangyongzheitao“shangyinmoxing”chaijieguoneineixielingrenshangyindepinpai,womenjiangyouxinfaxian。

一、“上瘾生意”硬控年轻人

1、neiyike,woyishidaozijishangyinle

“xiangguixialaiqiuzijibiehele,danshifaxianguixialaiyenenggagahe。”

xiaohongshubozhu“xiangtuixiudejiandan”shaichulezijidexiaofeijilu。shipinzhong,yunshishengyenatie、chengcmeishi、youcmeishidexiaofeidingdanbuduanshanxian。bozhutucaozijiduiruixingshangyin,“meitianliangyanyizhengkaijiushiruixing。”

shemeishang,zizhengduiruixingshangyindexiaofeizhebuzaishaoshu,“meiduojingyan,jiushihedewoxinliyangyangyangyangyangyangde,zongxiangrui(rui,wangyouduiruixingdenicheng)tayikouyayayin。”“bawomideshenhundiandao。”“meitianwendingliangbei。”

wangyoumenliejudeshangyinxingweibuyierzu,fbifshulizhihou,faxianzhuyaojizhongzaisangefangmian:yishiduipinpaichanshengyilai,rugaopindiandan、wuliyoudiandan;ershichuxian“jieduanfanying”,rubuheneixinbuan;sanshirichangxingweixiguangaibian,rumiqieguanzhuxinpindongtai……

qizhong,chansheng“jieduanfanying”,tongchanghuirangxiaofeizhefaxianzijizhendeshangyinle。youwangyoubiaoshi,congburenweizijihuishangyin,zhidaoyunqichuyujinshenxinlibuzaihekafei,que“fengkuangchanruixingneikoukuweier,neiyike,woyishidaozijizhendeshangyinle。”

2、戒瘾,失败

lingyibian,yipiduibawangchajishangyindewangyou,zhengxiangfangshefajiediaota。

wangyou“shanzhashutuposhou”fatieqiujiaoruhejiediaobawangchaji,wanwanmeixiangdao,pinglunquwangyoujichudefanganjingshi“zhuangebeiqumairui”。

youwangyoufenxianglezijidejieyingonglve,“diyitianheyibei。diertianhebanbei。yicileitui,meirizhiheqianyiriyibandeliang。diliutianhetaliubeijiejiechan!”

haiyouwangyoubiaoshizijijieyinqianyitianyibei,jieyinhouyitiansanbei,xianzaiyijingchedilaoshibujiele。

3、“xiaozongzongzuohaole,womenyaosongnishangshoufu”

“shangtou、feimaibuke、bumaineixinbuan”deshangyinbiaoxian,bingbuzhishifashengzaixiaofeizheyoumingquedechanpinmubiaoshi,biruxiaofeizhequedingzijiduiruixingdechengcmeishishangyin,duibawangchajideboyajuexianshangyin。

jibianbuquedingchanpinshishenme,xiaofeizheyekenengxiang“maimaimai”。

jinnian2yuemo,yexingxiaofeizaiciyonglai。zheiyicizhanshangliuliangdianfengdeshiwahaha。xiaofeizheyibianjingyayu“wahahabeizhewomen,chuleduoshaoxinpin”,yibianlizhi“bankongwahaha”“jiqiwahahajiazu”,buzuyizhou,wahahaquanxianchanpindouchengle“jinqiaohuo”。

娃哈哈部分产品;图片来源:娃哈哈

xianxia,quanguoduogequyuchaoshimaiduanhuo。youxiaofeizhezaixiaohongshufawengantan,yiwanshangpaoleduogechaoshihou,caizaiyijiachaoshiliqiangdaolezuihouyizhawahahachunjingshui。

xianshang,pinpaiguanfangdianpuxiaoliang2tianzhangchao500%,bushaochanpinxianshiyushouzhuangtai。wahahafangmianbudebufachushengming,“jianyidajialixingxiaofei”“dengbujidejiarenkeyishenqingtuikuantuihuo”。

xiaofeizheduiwahahadereqingheqinghuaihaiyanxudaolezongfulishenshang。bushaowangyouweibohanhua:“xiaozongzongzuohaole,womenyaosongnishangshoufu。”

kafeichayinyushipinyinliaoxingyebuquerangrenshangyindeshengyi。wahahadebaohuoyeqiaqiayinzhengleqianwensuotidaodeguandian,zaichanpinzhongtianjiayishangyinwuzhi,zhishiqiyerangrenshangyindeyihuan,gengduoqiyezhengzai《shangyin》yishusuotichudesigefangmianxiagongfu。

二、多变的奖赏,令人沉迷

shanyuzhizaoduobiandejiangshang,cainenggengrangrenchenmi。fengkuanglianming、zengsongjingxideruixingyubawangchaji,shiqizhongdianxinganli。

1、ruixing x 《heishenhua:wukong》:ziwojiangshang

“jilianmingmaotaihou,ruixingyouyifengshencaozuo。”

8yue19ri,guochan3ayouxi《heishenhua:wukong》fabuqianyitian,ruixinglvxianfabuleyu《heishenhua:wukong》delianminghuodong。huodongshangxiandangtian,lianmingtaocanmiaoshouqing,xiawuruixingguanfangjiufabulebuhuotongzhi。youyuhuodongguoyuhuobao,youwangyoujichuleshangshupingjia。

图片来源:瑞幸

lianmingfang《heishenhua:wukong》dechuxian,wuyishidadongxiaofeizhegoumaidezhuyaoyuanyin。

dangengshenyiceng,dadongxiaofeizhegoumaideyuanyin,kesuyuanzhilianmingsuochufade“ziwojiangshang”jizhi。《shangyin》yishurenwei,getiduiziwodejiangshang,laiziyuneibudongji,renmenkewangcongchanpinzhongtiyandaocaokonggan、chengjiugan、zhongjiegan,binghuiweicigandaoyuyueyumanzu。

“shijianhechuxunxiangrui,shouyoucuntiewusuowei。youxingtashangqujinglu,buwenlingshanzaihechu。”conglianmingxuanchuanpiandezangzishi,yijilianmingchanpin“xiangyunmeishi”demingmingzhong,bunanfaxianruixingyaobachanpin、pinpaiyuansuyuyouxironghedezheiyisheji。

duiyukenengshenjianwanjiashenfendexiaofeizheeryan,ruixingwei“tianmingren(youxizhongwanjiazhuyaobanyandejiaose)”zaixianshishijiesuzaolegengqiangdejiaosedairugan,bagoumailianmingchanpinzhuanhuanchengtianmingrenyouxitiyandeyihuan。eryouxizhongteyoudecaokonggan,yezaizheiyikebeichuandidaolianminghuodongzhong。

“bashiyinandiyinan,ruixingfazhan。”youxiaofeizhepaiduigoumailianmingchanpinshi,rucigankai。

ciwai,yinduinanxingwanjiayouzhejigaodexiyinli,ruixingyu《heishenhua:wukong》delianming,youbeiwangyouxichengwei“yiwanshaonandemeng”。huoqulianmingchanpin,wanjiadeyishixiandehaijiangshimengxiangchengzhendechengjiuganyuzhongjiegan。

2、bawangchaji x zhengqinwen:shejiaojiangshang

zairuixingxiaoshouredubiaoshengdetongshi,bawangchajiyezhengzai“rangxiaofeizheshangtou”delushangkuangben。

8yue,zhengqinwenbaliduoguanhou,zhuanzhanmeiwangjixubisai。ersuizhezhengqinwendesaichangbiaoxianyicicishuapingshemei,bawangchajiyuzhengqinwenxiangguandehuatineirongyebeirelietaolun,ru“girls together”“wodemeiliyouwodingyi”“nvxingliliang”deng。qizhong,“wodemeiliyouwodingyi”weibohuatiyueduliangchao23yi。tongqi,bawangchajibaidusousuozhishumingxianpansheng。

图片来源:霸王茶姬

zaijiangshangjizhifangmian,butongyuruixinglianming《heishenhua:wukong》zhuyaochufade“ziwojiangshang”,bawangchajihezuozhengqinwenchufadeshi“shejiaojiangshang”。

《shangyin》duishejiaojiangshangdejieshishi,getikewanghuodeshejiaolianjiegan,rangzijijuedebeijiena、beirentong、shouzhongshi、shouxiai。bingqiezheizhongxuqiujiangsuzaowomendejiazhiguan,jineryingxiangwomendexingweifangshi。

zaibawangchajifabudeyipianyizhengqinwenweianli《chagee,girls together》tuiwenxia,yiweiduzhejiangshulezijidegushi。taqinshoudapolezijidetiefanwan,zhengmianlinzheduiweilaideweizhi,yuzishendenengliduanban。

“suiranyijing35suile,danshiwojuedeyoushenmehaopadeni,renshengbujiushitupoyigegexiandingdezijima?xiwangwokeyiyizhixiangbubeikanhaodexiaoshanzhayiyang,huochubuyiyangdejingcai。”taxiedao。

bawangchajisuihoupinglun:“renshengmeiyoubiaozhundaan,weilaiyeyuanchayouhuochuzijidejingcai。”binggaozhishangshuduzhehuodechanpinfuli。

congshejiaojiangshangdejiaodukan,gaiduzhezheiduanshejiaojinglihuodejiangshangyoupinpaichanpin,yeyoubawangchajirutongrenkezhengqinwenyiyang,renkeduzhedexuanze。

duiyubawangchajieryan,jiangzishenzuoweiyizhongshejiaojiangshang,wanchengdebujinjinshichanpinzhiru,haiyoupinpaidebiaoqianhua,jimouzhongchengdushang,pinpaiyongyoulenvxingliliangdebiaoqian,daibiaoleduinvxingbuduantupoziwojingshenderenke。zheizhongrenkejiangyingxiangxiaofeizhedexiaofeixuanze。

chakanbawangchajiguowangyu《gq》、keepdengdelianminghuodongyijigeleiyingxiaohuodong,bunanfaxian,jiangchanpinhuopinpaizuoweishejiaojiangshangshiqiguanli。danqiyindaodeshejiaohuatiquebingbuguding,zhurushishang、yundong、jiankangshenghuofangshi……erzheizhongbuquedingxingjiuxiangyizhongwuxingdeliliang,buduantuidongxiaofeizheyicicixiangpinpaixunqiuxinderentong。

三、用品牌的主动换消费者的反复行动

1、dongfangshuyeruhecijixiaofeizhemaimaimai?

《shangyin》renwei,xiaofeizhedeshangyinxingweiconglaibuhuipingkongchansheng,pinpaiyaozhudongfachuzhaohuan、anshiyonghuxingdong,yejiushichufaxiaofeiyuwang。

dongfangshuyeruhechufaxiaofeiyuwang?congbeidiaokanwei“zuijialicaichanpin”dongfangshuyelongjingxinchadedazaoshangkelvekuiyier。

图片来源:农夫山泉

jinnian4yue,longjingxinchafashoudangtian,shoupi5wanxiangchanpinbeiqianggouyikong。4tianhou,dierpi5wanxiangchanpinshangjia1xiaoshijiushouqing。zaixianyushang,longjingxinchamuqianshoujiadadao25yuan/ping,gaoyuyuanjia8yuan/ping。

shijianbohuidao2022nian,wutangchashichanghaichuzaibaofaqianxi。mashangyingshujuxianshi,2022nian1yue,wutangjiyinchazaijiyinchazhongdeshichangfenewei16%,zaizhengtiyinliaozhongdeshichangfenezejinwei1%(2023nian12yue,wutangchazaijiyinchazhongdeshichangfeneshangshengdao32%,zaizhengtiyinliaozhongdeshichangfeneshangshengwei5%)。

wutangchashangweishengmingqueqide2022nian,dongfangshuyezhudongdapochenji,shoucituichuxiandingkuanlongjingxincha。

bishi,longjingchazaixiaofeizhexinzhongxianranyijingyouyidingderenzhi。zailongjingchazhong,mingqianlongjingyouqichuming。eryouyuxique,mingqianchaxianglaiyou“guirujin”deshuofa,yijintejimingqianlongjingjiagedongzeshangqianyuan。

nongfushanquangongzhonghaofabudeshoupianlongjingxinchatuiwenzhong,xiangxixushulechanpinsuoyongchayequanbushimingqiancaizhaidetejilongjing,qiangdiaoyaoyong3wanmeiyatoucainengzhicheng1jintejilongjingcha。

buzhiruci,zaidongfangshuyekanlai,longjingxinchahaidaibiaole“pingzhuangchadezhigaoshuizhunzhichengxinyi”,shiyipingxianjichuntiandecha,neng“bangnizhenzang2022niandechuntian”。

chanpinzhenguichengduyueranzhishang,dandingjiawei8yuan/ping。

duiyuxiaofeizheeryan,wutangchabingbuxique,dan8yuan1pingde“guirujin”“zhigaoshuizhun”“chuntian”keyuerbukeqiu。

“jiuxiangchangchangshenmeshiqiongjiangyulu。”xiaohongshushang,youxiaofeizhefenxianglezijiqianggoushidexintai。

nengzaiduanqineirangdaliangxiaofeizheweichanpinmaidan,fupandongfangshuyechufaxiaofeiyuwangdeguocheng,kefaxianyixiajidian:

yishidongfangshuyezaiwutangchashichangshangweixingchengzugoudeshengliangyurenzhishi,jiuzhudongtongguoxinpinyuxiaofeizhegoutong。

ershidongfangshuyeshanyujieshi,yongrenzhiduherenkedushuanggaodemingqianlongjing,bangzhupinpaichuangzaoxiaofeixuqiu,shengqushichangjiaoyuchengben。

sanshidongfangshuyefahuilepinpaishanzhangjianggushideyoushi,dakailexiaofeizheduiyuyipingyinliaodexiangxiang。“jiangnandechuntiandoubeiwoshoujinbingxiangla”leisichanpinpinglunbuzaishaoshu。

sishisuzaojiazhiyujiagejiandefanchaganyuxianliangxiaoshou,cijixiaofeiyuwang。

congbenzhishanglaijiang,dongfangshuyezhudonggoutongdetaidu,yushanyujieshi、fahuizishenyoushidenengli,shiqinenggoubawoxianji、chufaxiaofeiyuwangdeguanjian。erzheizhongtaidubuhuituranxiaoshi,nengliyekeyibeidongfangshuyefuyong。lirudongfangshuyechengmolihuachashi“keyiwendedaochuntiandecha”,heguihuawulongkeyichangxianghepengyou“gongchanjuan”。

jibianshilongjingxinchameinianyedounengjiangchuxingushi,yicongzuichu“zhenzang2022niandechuntian”gengxindaojinnian“zhenzang2024niandechuntian”。erxiaofeizheyecong2022nianqiangkong5000xianglongjingxincha,fazhandaojinnianqiangkong10wanxianglongjingxincha。

2、dongpengteyinruheweisijiquntidingzhi“shangyinliucheng”?

“dongpengteyinwaimianneicengtouminggaiziyoushenmeyong?”shishemeishangguangweiliuchuandewenti。

rentongrenshupoduodeyigedaanshi“jisijidanyanhui”。

dongpengteyinwuxingjianbapinpaihesijixingchengleyizhong“gudingdapei”。neime,dongpengteyinshiruhechengweisijidemorenxuanzede?

《shangyin》renwei,nenglishiyingxiangxiaofeizheshifouxingdongdeguanjianyinsu。xiangyaorangchanpinchengwei“yinpin”,qiyeyaojinkenengjiangdixiaofeizhegoumaijishiyongchanpindenandu,baokuojiangdizaijinqian、shijian、tili、naoli、tarenjieshoududengduogefangmiandenandu。

图片来源:东鹏饮料

“leilekunle,dongpengteyin”,dangxiaofeizhejieshoudaozheijuguanggaoshi,youdongpengteyinshejibingzhudaode“shangyinliucheng”jiuyijingqidongle。

在广告投放方面,东鹏特饮热衷将广告投放在高德语音导航、高速大牌风暴、满帮app、货拉拉app、滴滴sijiduan。nengjieshoudaozheixieguanggaodeziranduoshizijiachezhuhuozhiyesiji。erdangtamenjieshoudaoguanggaoshi,jibendouchuzaijiashichangjingzhong。

zaiqudaoshentoufangmian,dongpengteyintongchangjiangchanpintoufangzaijiayouzhan、fuwuqu、wuliuyuan、zhuanyeshichang、jiaxiaodengchangsuodelingshoumendianzhong。zheixiemendianbujinfugailesijidebijingzhidi,haishentoudaolesijigaopinchuxianchangsuoyuzhangshijianjiashiluduan。dangsijijiashishileile、kunle、kele,jinrucileimendian,dongpengteyinchanpinjiuyoujihuichuxianzaixiaofeizhemianqian。

zaichanpindazaofangmian,dongpengteyinyutongleichanpinxingchengduibi。dangsijixiachejinrumendian,suonengkandaodeshi,xiangbitongweinengliangyinliao,shoujiadadao5yuan/250mldehongniu、5yuan/380mldelehu,4yuan/500mldedongpengteyinxianranzuodaolemei100mljiagegengdi。ruguochakanchanpindegongxiaochengfenjihanliang,hainengfaxianzaixiangtongdetishenxiaoguoxia,dongpengteyinyouzuodaolejiagegengdi。

dongpengteyinguanggaotoufangchangjing、chanpinliutongqudao、xiaofeichangjing,cunzaijiqiangdeguanlianxing。sijicongtingdaoguanggao、xiaofeiyuwangbeichufa,daoxiachewanchengchanpinxuanze、goumai,sihuaxianjie。zhenggexiaofeiguocheng,shijianduan、sudukuai、sijiwuxuguoduosikao、xiaohaodenaolijitilishaoshidianxingtezheng。

yejiushishuo,dongpengteyinbasijigoumaichanpindenandujiangdaolejidideshuiping。goumainandubugao,neime,goumaidongpengteyinyegengrongyichengweixiaofeizhederichangxingweixiguan。

fanyingzaixiaoshoubiaoxianshang,2023niandongpengteyinyingshoudadaobaiyiyuan,zaizhongguonengliangyinliaoshichanglianxusannian(2021nian—2023nian)xiaoshouliangdiyi。

xianran,zairangxiaofeizheshangyindedaolushang,nengzuodaosuishisuidichufaxiaofeiyuwangguranzhongyao,bitongxinggengnengjiangdixiaofeinandutongyangzhongyao。

四、让人沦陷的“养成系”品牌

《shangyin》suotichude“shangyinmoxing”,bingfeimeigefangmianquanbudouyouqiyewancheng。zaitourufangmian,dangxiaofeizheyuanyizhudongtouru,tongyangyehuicijizijishangyin。

《shangyin》renwei,xiaofeizheduishiwudetouruyueduo,jiuyueyoukenengrenweitayoujiazhi,yeyueyoukenenghezijiguoqudexingweibaochiyizhi。zuihou,xiaofeizhehuigaibianzijidexihaoyibimianfashengrenzhishidiao。

zheiyimuyijingzaiwahahashangyan。

jinnian2yuewahahazhanshangliuliangdianfengbeihou,shichuangshirenzongqinghoushishi,yulunxunsubaofa。mianhuai、huaijiuyuzhichiguohuodeshengyinjiaozhi,“zhichizonglao,zhichiwahaha”“tongniandeweidao”“liangxinguohuo”depinglunpumanshemeipingtai。

wahahachengliyu1987nian,bansuile80、90houdechengzhang。yejiushishuo,wahahabenshenchengzaile80、90houtongnianshiqideyibufenjiyi。chengnianhoudexiaofeizhe,zongshinanyibimiandihuainianershi,80、90houtongyangduiwahahatouruletongnianqinghuai。

tongnianqinghuaibingbushixiaofeizheduiwahahadequanbutouru。suizheshijianjixufazhan,rutongyangchengouxiangyiban,yangchengpinpai,chengweixiaofeizhedexinsuqiu。yuelaiyueduodexiaofeizhekaishiweiwahahatourugengduoshijian、jingliyuqinggantiyan,canyubingjianzhengpinpaidechengzhang。

bujinyouxiaofeizhefawenbiaoshiwahahachunjingshuikeyizuoweishiyanshiyongshui,zhengmingchanpinchunjingdu;haiyouxiaofeizhetixingpinpaijinxingchanpinbaozhuangshejishengji;bufenxiaofeizheshenzhizoufangxianxiashangchao,cuicumendianshangjiawahaha……

网友为娃哈哈设计的产品包装;图片来源:小红书@铁锈妹妹

zheibingfeixiaofeizhezhudongjinxingtourudeguli。shijiantuihuidao2022nian,xiaofeizheyecengtourushijian、jingli、qingganyangchengbaixiang,weiqichengzhangchumouhuace。erbaixiangbujinjinglileyexingxiaofeilangchao,qiezailangchaotunquhou,yiranbaochilejiaogaodexiaoshouredu,tanghaohe、dalajiao、xiangcaimiandengchanpinxiangjichuquan。

五、结语

yigeshidaiyouyigeshidaide“yinpin”。

2023nian,maichu19yibeideruixing,yingshouchaoyuexingbakezhongguodadao249yiyuan,bingchengweizhongguoshichangdiyigepowandiandekafeiliansuopinpai。zhongguokafeishichang“yige”zhengshiyizhu。

tongnian,wutangchazaishichangguimoshangchaoyuetansuanyinliao,dongfangshuye、guozishuledengyipiwutangchasaidaozhongdepinpai,huodexiaofeizheqinglai。qizhong,yiniersenshujugusuan,2023niandongfangshuyeyichengweibaiyiyuandadanpin。

2024nian5yue,bawangchajichuangshirenzhangjunjiexuanbupinpai2023niangmvdadao108yiyuan,bingtichu2024nianpinpaixiaoshouejiangchaoyuexingbakezhongguo,tupo200yiyuan。

2024niandierjidu,kekoukelegongsizaihuaxiaoliangxiajiang,xingbakezhongguozaijinglilemendianxiachen、chanpinxianyanshen、tiyanchuangxinhou,yiranwufazuzhishouruxiajiang。

yigexianeryijiandeshishishi,cengjingzuihuode“yinpin”biandebuneimelingrenshangtou,zhuanxiangguanzhujiankang、guofeng、xingjiabidexiaofeizhemen,zhengzaibazhongguobentupinpaisongshang“yinpingaodi”。

参考来源:

[1]尼尔·埃亚尔、瑞安·胡佛,《上瘾:让用户养成使用习惯的四大产品逻辑》

本文为转载内容,授权事宜请联系原著作权人。

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上线秒空,年入百亿元的东方树叶、瑞幸们,盯上的都是“上瘾生意”

shipinyinliaoxingyebuquerangrenshangyindeshengyi。

文 | FBIF食品饮料创新 大君

编辑 | Bobo

nengrangrenshangyindeshengyi,tongchangguiyinchanpinyongyoulingrenyishangyindewuzhihuokouwei。liru,zaichanpinzhongtianjiatanghuokafeiyin、chajian,doukenengrangxiaofeizheshangyin。

youmeiticengpandianguoneibaiyiyuanjiyinliaodadanpin。qizhong,jiuchenghantang,liuchenghankafeiyin。

danruguobafanweikuodadaoshiyiyuanjiyishangyinliaodadanpinzhong,jiuhuifaxianlingwaiyigexianxiang:tanghekafeiyinbushidujiamifang,jijiapinpaichanpinpeiliaoxiangsi、xiaoshouguimoquexiangchaxuanshudebingfeimeiyou。zheiyixianxiangzaikafeichayin、wutangchasaidaogengjiapubian。

huanjuhuashuo,tianjiayishangyinwuzhi,zhishirangrenshangyindekaishi。neixieranggengduorenshangyinderuixing、bawangchaji、dongfangshuyemen,haiyourangrengeng“shangtou”decaozuo。

《shangyin:rangyonghuyangchengshiyongxiguandesidachanpinluoji》(xiacheng《shangyin》)tichude“shangyinmoxing”renwei,yaorangyonghushangyin,qiyekeyicong4gefangmianxiagongfu:

qiyi,chufayonghuyuwang。zhenduichanpin,qiyeyaozuodediyijianshibushimingsikuxiangchanpintese,ershiyaomingbaiyonghuzaixuqiucengmiancunzainaxieruanleihuokunrao。

qier,rangyonghuxingdongqilai,goumaibingshiyongchanpin。

qisan,buduanjiangshangyonghu,cijiyonghuyizhishiyongchanpin。qizhongjiangshangyonghudefangfayoukefenweishejiaojiangshang、liewujiangshang、ziwojiangshang。

qisi,guliyonghuzhudongweichanpintouruyoujiazhidedongxi,zengjiazaicishiyongchanpinheshangyindekenengxing。[1]

《shangyin》fengmiguigu,beishiweihulianwanglingyude“chanpinshejizhinan”,dangaishuzuozhezhichu,renheyigenengjiechuxiaofeizheqianbaodelingyu,douyoukenengyunyongdao“shangyinmoxing”。erdangyongzheitao“shangyinmoxing”chaijieguoneineixielingrenshangyindepinpai,womenjiangyouxinfaxian。

一、“上瘾生意”硬控年轻人

1、neiyike,woyishidaozijishangyinle

“xiangguixialaiqiuzijibiehele,danshifaxianguixialaiyenenggagahe。”

xiaohongshubozhu“xiangtuixiudejiandan”shaichulezijidexiaofeijilu。shipinzhong,yunshishengyenatie、chengcmeishi、youcmeishidexiaofeidingdanbuduanshanxian。bozhutucaozijiduiruixingshangyin,“meitianliangyanyizhengkaijiushiruixing。”

shemeishang,zizhengduiruixingshangyindexiaofeizhebuzaishaoshu,“meiduojingyan,jiushihedewoxinliyangyangyangyangyangyangde,zongxiangrui(rui,wangyouduiruixingdenicheng)tayikouyayayin。”“bawomideshenhundiandao。”“meitianwendingliangbei。”

wangyoumenliejudeshangyinxingweibuyierzu,fbifshulizhihou,faxianzhuyaojizhongzaisangefangmian:yishiduipinpaichanshengyilai,rugaopindiandan、wuliyoudiandan;ershichuxian“jieduanfanying”,rubuheneixinbuan;sanshirichangxingweixiguangaibian,rumiqieguanzhuxinpindongtai……

qizhong,chansheng“jieduanfanying”,tongchanghuirangxiaofeizhefaxianzijizhendeshangyinle。youwangyoubiaoshi,congburenweizijihuishangyin,zhidaoyunqichuyujinshenxinlibuzaihekafei,que“fengkuangchanruixingneikoukuweier,neiyike,woyishidaozijizhendeshangyinle。”

2、戒瘾,失败

lingyibian,yipiduibawangchajishangyindewangyou,zhengxiangfangshefajiediaota。

wangyou“shanzhashutuposhou”fatieqiujiaoruhejiediaobawangchaji,wanwanmeixiangdao,pinglunquwangyoujichudefanganjingshi“zhuangebeiqumairui”。

youwangyoufenxianglezijidejieyingonglve,“diyitianheyibei。diertianhebanbei。yicileitui,meirizhiheqianyiriyibandeliang。diliutianhetaliubeijiejiechan!”

haiyouwangyoubiaoshizijijieyinqianyitianyibei,jieyinhouyitiansanbei,xianzaiyijingchedilaoshibujiele。

3、“xiaozongzongzuohaole,womenyaosongnishangshoufu”

“shangtou、feimaibuke、bumaineixinbuan”deshangyinbiaoxian,bingbuzhishifashengzaixiaofeizheyoumingquedechanpinmubiaoshi,biruxiaofeizhequedingzijiduiruixingdechengcmeishishangyin,duibawangchajideboyajuexianshangyin。

jibianbuquedingchanpinshishenme,xiaofeizheyekenengxiang“maimaimai”。

jinnian2yuemo,yexingxiaofeizaiciyonglai。zheiyicizhanshangliuliangdianfengdeshiwahaha。xiaofeizheyibianjingyayu“wahahabeizhewomen,chuleduoshaoxinpin”,yibianlizhi“bankongwahaha”“jiqiwahahajiazu”,buzuyizhou,wahahaquanxianchanpindouchengle“jinqiaohuo”。

娃哈哈部分产品;图片来源:娃哈哈

xianxia,quanguoduogequyuchaoshimaiduanhuo。youxiaofeizhezaixiaohongshufawengantan,yiwanshangpaoleduogechaoshihou,caizaiyijiachaoshiliqiangdaolezuihouyizhawahahachunjingshui。

xianshang,pinpaiguanfangdianpuxiaoliang2tianzhangchao500%,bushaochanpinxianshiyushouzhuangtai。wahahafangmianbudebufachushengming,“jianyidajialixingxiaofei”“dengbujidejiarenkeyishenqingtuikuantuihuo”。

xiaofeizheduiwahahadereqingheqinghuaihaiyanxudaolezongfulishenshang。bushaowangyouweibohanhua:“xiaozongzongzuohaole,womenyaosongnishangshoufu。”

kafeichayinyushipinyinliaoxingyebuquerangrenshangyindeshengyi。wahahadebaohuoyeqiaqiayinzhengleqianwensuotidaodeguandian,zaichanpinzhongtianjiayishangyinwuzhi,zhishiqiyerangrenshangyindeyihuan,gengduoqiyezhengzai《shangyin》yishusuotichudesigefangmianxiagongfu。

二、多变的奖赏,令人沉迷

shanyuzhizaoduobiandejiangshang,cainenggengrangrenchenmi。fengkuanglianming、zengsongjingxideruixingyubawangchaji,shiqizhongdianxinganli。

1、ruixing x 《heishenhua:wukong》:ziwojiangshang

“jilianmingmaotaihou,ruixingyouyifengshencaozuo。”

8yue19ri,guochan3ayouxi《heishenhua:wukong》fabuqianyitian,ruixinglvxianfabuleyu《heishenhua:wukong》delianminghuodong。huodongshangxiandangtian,lianmingtaocanmiaoshouqing,xiawuruixingguanfangjiufabulebuhuotongzhi。youyuhuodongguoyuhuobao,youwangyoujichuleshangshupingjia。

图片来源:瑞幸

lianmingfang《heishenhua:wukong》dechuxian,wuyishidadongxiaofeizhegoumaidezhuyaoyuanyin。

dangengshenyiceng,dadongxiaofeizhegoumaideyuanyin,kesuyuanzhilianmingsuochufade“ziwojiangshang”jizhi。《shangyin》yishurenwei,getiduiziwodejiangshang,laiziyuneibudongji,renmenkewangcongchanpinzhongtiyandaocaokonggan、chengjiugan、zhongjiegan,binghuiweicigandaoyuyueyumanzu。

“shijianhechuxunxiangrui,shouyoucuntiewusuowei。youxingtashangqujinglu,buwenlingshanzaihechu。”conglianmingxuanchuanpiandezangzishi,yijilianmingchanpin“xiangyunmeishi”demingmingzhong,bunanfaxianruixingyaobachanpin、pinpaiyuansuyuyouxironghedezheiyisheji。

duiyukenengshenjianwanjiashenfendexiaofeizheeryan,ruixingwei“tianmingren(youxizhongwanjiazhuyaobanyandejiaose)”zaixianshishijiesuzaolegengqiangdejiaosedairugan,bagoumailianmingchanpinzhuanhuanchengtianmingrenyouxitiyandeyihuan。eryouxizhongteyoudecaokonggan,yezaizheiyikebeichuandidaolianminghuodongzhong。

“bashiyinandiyinan,ruixingfazhan。”youxiaofeizhepaiduigoumailianmingchanpinshi,rucigankai。

ciwai,yinduinanxingwanjiayouzhejigaodexiyinli,ruixingyu《heishenhua:wukong》delianming,youbeiwangyouxichengwei“yiwanshaonandemeng”。huoqulianmingchanpin,wanjiadeyishixiandehaijiangshimengxiangchengzhendechengjiuganyuzhongjiegan。

2、bawangchaji x zhengqinwen:shejiaojiangshang

zairuixingxiaoshouredubiaoshengdetongshi,bawangchajiyezhengzai“rangxiaofeizheshangtou”delushangkuangben。

8yue,zhengqinwenbaliduoguanhou,zhuanzhanmeiwangjixubisai。ersuizhezhengqinwendesaichangbiaoxianyicicishuapingshemei,bawangchajiyuzhengqinwenxiangguandehuatineirongyebeirelietaolun,ru“girls together”“wodemeiliyouwodingyi”“nvxingliliang”deng。qizhong,“wodemeiliyouwodingyi”weibohuatiyueduliangchao23yi。tongqi,bawangchajibaidusousuozhishumingxianpansheng。

图片来源:霸王茶姬

zaijiangshangjizhifangmian,butongyuruixinglianming《heishenhua:wukong》zhuyaochufade“ziwojiangshang”,bawangchajihezuozhengqinwenchufadeshi“shejiaojiangshang”。

《shangyin》duishejiaojiangshangdejieshishi,getikewanghuodeshejiaolianjiegan,rangzijijuedebeijiena、beirentong、shouzhongshi、shouxiai。bingqiezheizhongxuqiujiangsuzaowomendejiazhiguan,jineryingxiangwomendexingweifangshi。

zaibawangchajifabudeyipianyizhengqinwenweianli《chagee,girls together》tuiwenxia,yiweiduzhejiangshulezijidegushi。taqinshoudapolezijidetiefanwan,zhengmianlinzheduiweilaideweizhi,yuzishendenengliduanban。

“suiranyijing35suile,danshiwojuedeyoushenmehaopadeni,renshengbujiushitupoyigegexiandingdezijima?xiwangwokeyiyizhixiangbubeikanhaodexiaoshanzhayiyang,huochubuyiyangdejingcai。”taxiedao。

bawangchajisuihoupinglun:“renshengmeiyoubiaozhundaan,weilaiyeyuanchayouhuochuzijidejingcai。”binggaozhishangshuduzhehuodechanpinfuli。

congshejiaojiangshangdejiaodukan,gaiduzhezheiduanshejiaojinglihuodejiangshangyoupinpaichanpin,yeyoubawangchajirutongrenkezhengqinwenyiyang,renkeduzhedexuanze。

duiyubawangchajieryan,jiangzishenzuoweiyizhongshejiaojiangshang,wanchengdebujinjinshichanpinzhiru,haiyoupinpaidebiaoqianhua,jimouzhongchengdushang,pinpaiyongyoulenvxingliliangdebiaoqian,daibiaoleduinvxingbuduantupoziwojingshenderenke。zheizhongrenkejiangyingxiangxiaofeizhedexiaofeixuanze。

chakanbawangchajiguowangyu《gq》、keepdengdelianminghuodongyijigeleiyingxiaohuodong,bunanfaxian,jiangchanpinhuopinpaizuoweishejiaojiangshangshiqiguanli。danqiyindaodeshejiaohuatiquebingbuguding,zhurushishang、yundong、jiankangshenghuofangshi……erzheizhongbuquedingxingjiuxiangyizhongwuxingdeliliang,buduantuidongxiaofeizheyicicixiangpinpaixunqiuxinderentong。

三、用品牌的主动换消费者的反复行动

1、dongfangshuyeruhecijixiaofeizhemaimaimai?

《shangyin》renwei,xiaofeizhedeshangyinxingweiconglaibuhuipingkongchansheng,pinpaiyaozhudongfachuzhaohuan、anshiyonghuxingdong,yejiushichufaxiaofeiyuwang。

dongfangshuyeruhechufaxiaofeiyuwang?congbeidiaokanwei“zuijialicaichanpin”dongfangshuyelongjingxinchadedazaoshangkelvekuiyier。

图片来源:农夫山泉

jinnian4yue,longjingxinchafashoudangtian,shoupi5wanxiangchanpinbeiqianggouyikong。4tianhou,dierpi5wanxiangchanpinshangjia1xiaoshijiushouqing。zaixianyushang,longjingxinchamuqianshoujiadadao25yuan/ping,gaoyuyuanjia8yuan/ping。

shijianbohuidao2022nian,wutangchashichanghaichuzaibaofaqianxi。mashangyingshujuxianshi,2022nian1yue,wutangjiyinchazaijiyinchazhongdeshichangfenewei16%,zaizhengtiyinliaozhongdeshichangfenezejinwei1%(2023nian12yue,wutangchazaijiyinchazhongdeshichangfeneshangshengdao32%,zaizhengtiyinliaozhongdeshichangfeneshangshengwei5%)。

wutangchashangweishengmingqueqide2022nian,dongfangshuyezhudongdapochenji,shoucituichuxiandingkuanlongjingxincha。

bishi,longjingchazaixiaofeizhexinzhongxianranyijingyouyidingderenzhi。zailongjingchazhong,mingqianlongjingyouqichuming。eryouyuxique,mingqianchaxianglaiyou“guirujin”deshuofa,yijintejimingqianlongjingjiagedongzeshangqianyuan。

nongfushanquangongzhonghaofabudeshoupianlongjingxinchatuiwenzhong,xiangxixushulechanpinsuoyongchayequanbushimingqiancaizhaidetejilongjing,qiangdiaoyaoyong3wanmeiyatoucainengzhicheng1jintejilongjingcha。

buzhiruci,zaidongfangshuyekanlai,longjingxinchahaidaibiaole“pingzhuangchadezhigaoshuizhunzhichengxinyi”,shiyipingxianjichuntiandecha,neng“bangnizhenzang2022niandechuntian”。

chanpinzhenguichengduyueranzhishang,dandingjiawei8yuan/ping。

duiyuxiaofeizheeryan,wutangchabingbuxique,dan8yuan1pingde“guirujin”“zhigaoshuizhun”“chuntian”keyuerbukeqiu。

“jiuxiangchangchangshenmeshiqiongjiangyulu。”xiaohongshushang,youxiaofeizhefenxianglezijiqianggoushidexintai。

nengzaiduanqineirangdaliangxiaofeizheweichanpinmaidan,fupandongfangshuyechufaxiaofeiyuwangdeguocheng,kefaxianyixiajidian:

yishidongfangshuyezaiwutangchashichangshangweixingchengzugoudeshengliangyurenzhishi,jiuzhudongtongguoxinpinyuxiaofeizhegoutong。

ershidongfangshuyeshanyujieshi,yongrenzhiduherenkedushuanggaodemingqianlongjing,bangzhupinpaichuangzaoxiaofeixuqiu,shengqushichangjiaoyuchengben。

sanshidongfangshuyefahuilepinpaishanzhangjianggushideyoushi,dakailexiaofeizheduiyuyipingyinliaodexiangxiang。“jiangnandechuntiandoubeiwoshoujinbingxiangla”leisichanpinpinglunbuzaishaoshu。

sishisuzaojiazhiyujiagejiandefanchaganyuxianliangxiaoshou,cijixiaofeiyuwang。

congbenzhishanglaijiang,dongfangshuyezhudonggoutongdetaidu,yushanyujieshi、fahuizishenyoushidenengli,shiqinenggoubawoxianji、chufaxiaofeiyuwangdeguanjian。erzheizhongtaidubuhuituranxiaoshi,nengliyekeyibeidongfangshuyefuyong。lirudongfangshuyechengmolihuachashi“keyiwendedaochuntiandecha”,heguihuawulongkeyichangxianghepengyou“gongchanjuan”。

jibianshilongjingxinchameinianyedounengjiangchuxingushi,yicongzuichu“zhenzang2022niandechuntian”gengxindaojinnian“zhenzang2024niandechuntian”。erxiaofeizheyecong2022nianqiangkong5000xianglongjingxincha,fazhandaojinnianqiangkong10wanxianglongjingxincha。

2、dongpengteyinruheweisijiquntidingzhi“shangyinliucheng”?

“dongpengteyinwaimianneicengtouminggaiziyoushenmeyong?”shishemeishangguangweiliuchuandewenti。

rentongrenshupoduodeyigedaanshi“jisijidanyanhui”。

dongpengteyinwuxingjianbapinpaihesijixingchengleyizhong“gudingdapei”。neime,dongpengteyinshiruhechengweisijidemorenxuanzede?

《shangyin》renwei,nenglishiyingxiangxiaofeizheshifouxingdongdeguanjianyinsu。xiangyaorangchanpinchengwei“yinpin”,qiyeyaojinkenengjiangdixiaofeizhegoumaijishiyongchanpindenandu,baokuojiangdizaijinqian、shijian、tili、naoli、tarenjieshoududengduogefangmiandenandu。

图片来源:东鹏饮料

“leilekunle,dongpengteyin”,dangxiaofeizhejieshoudaozheijuguanggaoshi,youdongpengteyinshejibingzhudaode“shangyinliucheng”jiuyijingqidongle。

在广告投放方面,东鹏特饮热衷将广告投放在高德语音导航、高速大牌风暴、满帮app、货拉拉app、滴滴sijiduan。nengjieshoudaozheixieguanggaodeziranduoshizijiachezhuhuozhiyesiji。erdangtamenjieshoudaoguanggaoshi,jibendouchuzaijiashichangjingzhong。

zaiqudaoshentoufangmian,dongpengteyintongchangjiangchanpintoufangzaijiayouzhan、fuwuqu、wuliuyuan、zhuanyeshichang、jiaxiaodengchangsuodelingshoumendianzhong。zheixiemendianbujinfugailesijidebijingzhidi,haishentoudaolesijigaopinchuxianchangsuoyuzhangshijianjiashiluduan。dangsijijiashishileile、kunle、kele,jinrucileimendian,dongpengteyinchanpinjiuyoujihuichuxianzaixiaofeizhemianqian。

zaichanpindazaofangmian,dongpengteyinyutongleichanpinxingchengduibi。dangsijixiachejinrumendian,suonengkandaodeshi,xiangbitongweinengliangyinliao,shoujiadadao5yuan/250mldehongniu、5yuan/380mldelehu,4yuan/500mldedongpengteyinxianranzuodaolemei100mljiagegengdi。ruguochakanchanpindegongxiaochengfenjihanliang,hainengfaxianzaixiangtongdetishenxiaoguoxia,dongpengteyinyouzuodaolejiagegengdi。

dongpengteyinguanggaotoufangchangjing、chanpinliutongqudao、xiaofeichangjing,cunzaijiqiangdeguanlianxing。sijicongtingdaoguanggao、xiaofeiyuwangbeichufa,daoxiachewanchengchanpinxuanze、goumai,sihuaxianjie。zhenggexiaofeiguocheng,shijianduan、sudukuai、sijiwuxuguoduosikao、xiaohaodenaolijitilishaoshidianxingtezheng。

yejiushishuo,dongpengteyinbasijigoumaichanpindenandujiangdaolejidideshuiping。goumainandubugao,neime,goumaidongpengteyinyegengrongyichengweixiaofeizhederichangxingweixiguan。

fanyingzaixiaoshoubiaoxianshang,2023niandongpengteyinyingshoudadaobaiyiyuan,zaizhongguonengliangyinliaoshichanglianxusannian(2021nian—2023nian)xiaoshouliangdiyi。

xianran,zairangxiaofeizheshangyindedaolushang,nengzuodaosuishisuidichufaxiaofeiyuwangguranzhongyao,bitongxinggengnengjiangdixiaofeinandutongyangzhongyao。

四、让人沦陷的“养成系”品牌

《shangyin》suotichude“shangyinmoxing”,bingfeimeigefangmianquanbudouyouqiyewancheng。zaitourufangmian,dangxiaofeizheyuanyizhudongtouru,tongyangyehuicijizijishangyin。

《shangyin》renwei,xiaofeizheduishiwudetouruyueduo,jiuyueyoukenengrenweitayoujiazhi,yeyueyoukenenghezijiguoqudexingweibaochiyizhi。zuihou,xiaofeizhehuigaibianzijidexihaoyibimianfashengrenzhishidiao。

zheiyimuyijingzaiwahahashangyan。

jinnian2yuewahahazhanshangliuliangdianfengbeihou,shichuangshirenzongqinghoushishi,yulunxunsubaofa。mianhuai、huaijiuyuzhichiguohuodeshengyinjiaozhi,“zhichizonglao,zhichiwahaha”“tongniandeweidao”“liangxinguohuo”depinglunpumanshemeipingtai。

wahahachengliyu1987nian,bansuile80、90houdechengzhang。yejiushishuo,wahahabenshenchengzaile80、90houtongnianshiqideyibufenjiyi。chengnianhoudexiaofeizhe,zongshinanyibimiandihuainianershi,80、90houtongyangduiwahahatouruletongnianqinghuai。

tongnianqinghuaibingbushixiaofeizheduiwahahadequanbutouru。suizheshijianjixufazhan,rutongyangchengouxiangyiban,yangchengpinpai,chengweixiaofeizhedexinsuqiu。yuelaiyueduodexiaofeizhekaishiweiwahahatourugengduoshijian、jingliyuqinggantiyan,canyubingjianzhengpinpaidechengzhang。

bujinyouxiaofeizhefawenbiaoshiwahahachunjingshuikeyizuoweishiyanshiyongshui,zhengmingchanpinchunjingdu;haiyouxiaofeizhetixingpinpaijinxingchanpinbaozhuangshejishengji;bufenxiaofeizheshenzhizoufangxianxiashangchao,cuicumendianshangjiawahaha……

网友为娃哈哈设计的产品包装;图片来源:小红书@铁锈妹妹

zheibingfeixiaofeizhezhudongjinxingtourudeguli。shijiantuihuidao2022nian,xiaofeizheyecengtourushijian、jingli、qingganyangchengbaixiang,weiqichengzhangchumouhuace。erbaixiangbujinjinglileyexingxiaofeilangchao,qiezailangchaotunquhou,yiranbaochilejiaogaodexiaoshouredu,tanghaohe、dalajiao、xiangcaimiandengchanpinxiangjichuquan。

五、结语

yigeshidaiyouyigeshidaide“yinpin”。

2023nian,maichu19yibeideruixing,yingshouchaoyuexingbakezhongguodadao249yiyuan,bingchengweizhongguoshichangdiyigepowandiandekafeiliansuopinpai。zhongguokafeishichang“yige”zhengshiyizhu。

tongnian,wutangchazaishichangguimoshangchaoyuetansuanyinliao,dongfangshuye、guozishuledengyipiwutangchasaidaozhongdepinpai,huodexiaofeizheqinglai。qizhong,yiniersenshujugusuan,2023niandongfangshuyeyichengweibaiyiyuandadanpin。

2024nian5yue,bawangchajichuangshirenzhangjunjiexuanbupinpai2023niangmvdadao108yiyuan,bingtichu2024nianpinpaixiaoshouejiangchaoyuexingbakezhongguo,tupo200yiyuan。

2024niandierjidu,kekoukelegongsizaihuaxiaoliangxiajiang,xingbakezhongguozaijinglilemendianxiachen、chanpinxianyanshen、tiyanchuangxinhou,yiranwufazuzhishouruxiajiang。

yigexianeryijiandeshishishi,cengjingzuihuode“yinpin”biandebuneimelingrenshangtou,zhuanxiangguanzhujiankang、guofeng、xingjiabidexiaofeizhemen,zhengzaibazhongguobentupinpaisongshang“yinpingaodi”。

参考来源:

[1]尼尔·埃亚尔、瑞安·胡佛,《上瘾:让用户养成使用习惯的四大产品逻辑》

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