界面新闻记者 | 赵孟

界面新闻编辑 | 刘海川

suizhezhongguoshehuilaolinghuadejiaju，laonianrendeshenghuozhuangkuangchengweileshehuiguanzhudejiaodian。jinri，minzhengbu、quanguolaolingbandengduobumenlianhefabule《diwucizhongguochengxianglaonianrenshenghuozhuangkuangchouyangdiaochajibenshujugongbao》（xiacheng《gongbao》），jieshilezhongguolaonianrenzaijingji、jiankang、shehuicanyudengduogefangmiandexianzhuang。

“zhongguochengxianglaonianrenshenghuozhuangkuangchouyangdiaocha”shiyouquanguolaolingweibushu，jingguojiatongjijupizhun，meiwuniankaizhanyicidedaxinglaonianminshengguoqingdiaocha，qiansicifenbieyu2000nian、2006nian、2010nian、2015nianjinxing。diwucizhongguochengxianglaonianrenshenghuozhuangkuangchouyangdiaocha（yixiajianchengdiwucichouyangdiaocha），youminzhengbu、quanguolaolingban、guojiaweishengjiankangwei、caizhengbu、zhongguolaolingxiehui、zhongguojihuashengyuxiehuiyu2021niangongtongzuzhikaizhan。

diwucichouyangdiaochaduixiangweijuzhuzaizhonghuarenmingongheguojingneide（bubaokuogangaotaidiqu）60zhousuijiyishangdezhongguogongmin。diaochafanweiweiquanguo31gesheng、zizhiqu、zhixiashijixinjiangshengchanjianshebingtuan，sheji315gexian（shi、qu），3320 gexiangzhen（jiedao），6300gecun（ju）weihuijixinjiangshengchanjianshebingtuan 5 geshi，40getuanchang。diaochashejiyangbenliangwei12.76wan，zongchouyangbiyuewei0.5‰，qinglihoudeyouxiaoyangbenliangwei 12.7287wan。

zhongguolaolingxiehuisuihouzhendui《gongbao》fabudejieduzhichu，zhongguodilinglaonianrenrengzhanzhuti。2021nian，zhongguolaonianrenzhong60-69zhousuidedilinglaonianrenzhandaduoshu，jutibiliwei56.2%，yu2010nianxiangbijibenbaochiwending。dilinglaonianrenshizhongyaoderenliziyuanbaoku，yunhanzhejudaqianneng。suizhexinzhongguochenglihoudiercichushenggaofengsuoxingchengderenkouduiliexiangjijinrulaonianqi，dangqianhejinhouyigeshiqi，zhongguolaonianrenkounianlingjiegoujiangjixubaochixiangduinianqingdetaishi。

ciwai，laonianrenjiatingkongchaohuachengdujinyibujiashen。2021nian，zhongguolaonianrenshenghuozaikongchaojiating（baokuodujujiating、jinyupeioujuzhujiating）debiliwei59.7%，jiao2010nianshangsheng10.4gebaifendian。zairichangshenghuogegefangmian，zhonggaolingkongchaolaonianrenwangwangmianlingengdafengxian，qiguimojinyibuzengda，duifazhanjujiashequyanglaofuwutichulegenggaoyaoqiu。

suizhediyidaidushengzinvfumuxiangjijinrulaonianqi，zhongguolaonianrenjiatingpingjunzinvshuliangchuxianmingxianxiajiang。diwucichouyangdiaochashujuxianshi，2021nian，zhongguolaonianrendepingjunzinvshuwei2.6ge，jiao2010nianjianshaole0.6ge。shaozihuaqushijiangruohuajiatingyanglaonengli，jiatingyanglaofengxianwaiyikeguanyaoqiujiakuaijianquanjiatingyanglaozhichizhengceheshehuiyanglaofuwutixi。

《gongbao》xianshi，zhongguolaonianrenkouxingbiebiwei93.42，nvxinglaonianrenlveduoyunanxing。zaijuzhuanpaishang，chaoguoyibandelaonianrenxuanzeyuzinvgongzhu，xianshilejiatingzailaonianrenshenghuozhongdezhongyaodiwei。zaijingjizhuangkuangfangmian，laonianrennianrenjunshourudadao32027.4yuan，danchengxiangchajuxianzhu，chengzhenlaonianrennianrenjunshourujihushinongcunlaonianrendesanbeiduo。

jutieryan，2021nian，zhongguolaonianrennianrenjunshouru32027.4yuan，nianrenjunshouruzhongweishu11400yuan。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrennianrenjunshouru47270.8yuan，nianrenjunshouruzhongweishu28800yuan；nongcunlaonianrennianrenjunshouru14105yuan，nianrenjunshouruzhongweishu5640yuan。

congzhichulaikan，2021 nian，zhongguolaonianrennianrenjunrichangshenghuozhichu 11151.0 yuan。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrennianrenjunrichangshenghuozhichu14908.5 yuan；nongcunlaonianrennianrenjunrichangshenghuozhichu 6733.9 yuan。zhongguolaonianrenjiatingyuejunshipinzhichu 884.6 yuan。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrenjiatingyuejunshipinzhichu 1695.0 yuan；nongcunlaonianrenjiatingyuejunshipinzhichu 748.8 yuan。

zhongguo22.8%delaonianrenzibao2020niancengzhuguoyuan，zheixielaonianrengerenzhifudezhuyuanyiyaofeipingjunwei9620yuan。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrengerenzhifudezhuyuanyiyaofeipingjunwei10923.6yuan；nongcunlaonianrengerenzhifudezhuyuanyiyaofeipingjunwei 8377.6yuan。zai2020niancengzifeigoumaiyaopindelaonianren，pingjunzhichuwei2133.5yuan。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrenzifeigoumaiyaopinzhichu2326.7yuan，nongcunlaonianrenzifeigoumaiyaopinzhichu 1906.5 yuan。

中国9.1%的老年人曾于2020年外出旅游，其中旅游花费在3000元及以上的老年人占比超过三成。此外，16.6％的老年人服用保健品，其中2020年在保健品上花费1000元以下的占 60.6%，花费 1000-2999 yuandezhan24.0%，huafei3000-4999yuandezhan6.5%，huafei5000yuanjiyishangdezhan8.9%。

《gongbao》xianshi，2021 nian，zhongguolaonianrenzhongyouzinvdezhan98.0%，wuzinvdezhan2.0%，laonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei2.6 ge。fenchengxiangkan，chengzhenlaonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei2.3ge；nongcunlaonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei 2.9ge。fennianlingzukan，dilinglaonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei2.1ge；zhonglinglaonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei2.9ge；gaolinglaonianrenpingjunzinvshuwei3.9ge。

jiankangyiliaofangmian，laonianrenzipingjiankangzhuangkuangzongtilianghao，danmanxingbinghuanbinglvgaoda80%，gaoxueya、yaozhuibingheguanjieyanchengweizhuyaodejiankangkunrao。zaiyiliaobaozhangfangmian，juedaduoshulaonianrenxiangyouyiliaobaozhang，danrengyoutishengkongjian。

shehuicanyudufangmian，laonianrencanyushehuihuodongdereqingjiaogao，chaoguobanshudelaonianrenyuanyihuoyijingcanyuyoushourudegongzuo，xianshichulaonianrenquntijijideshehuicanyuyiyuan。

zhideguanzhudeshi，laonianrendexingfuganjiaogao，81.4%delaonianrengandaoshenghuoxingfu，danzheiyibilizaichengxiangzhijiancunzaichayi，chengzhenlaonianrendexingfuganlvegaoyunongcunlaonianren。

jinguanqudeleyidingdejinbu，dandiaochajieguoyebaoluchuchengxiangzhijianzailaonianrenshenghuozhuangkuangshangdechayi。chengzhenlaonianrenzaishouru、yiliaobaozhang、shehuicanyudengfangmianpubianyouyunongcunlaonianren，zheitishizhengcezhidingzhexuyaojinyibuguanzhunongcunlaonianrendeshenghuozhuangkuang，tuidongchengxiangyitihuafazhan。

ciwai，laonianrenduiyuzhinengjishudezhangwochengdubugao，jinyou36.6%delaonianrenhuishiyongzhinengshouji，zheibiaomingzaishuzihuashidai，ruhebangzhulaonianrenkuayueshuzihonggou，rengshiquanshehuixuyaoguanzhudewenti。