文｜新熵 思原

编辑丨蕨影

erlundiandongchejizhanzhiji，longtouqiyeaimakejideyizhigonggao，yinqixingyereyi。

10yue10riwanjian，aimakejifabugonggaocheng，gongsijinrishoudaozhangjianjiashudetongzhi，qiyu2024nian10yue9rishoudaoyouchengdeshijianchaweiyuanhuiqianfadezhangjianbeiliuzhi、liandiaochadetongzhishu。buxingzhongwanxingdeshi，muqianzheijianshiqinghaiweishangshejigongsi，gongsiweishoudaoxiangguanjiguandetongzhi，yeweibeiyaoqiuxiezhudiaocha。

cishiyichu，yeneiwaishunjian“zhaguo”，dajiapubiandanyoudeshi，aimakejizuoweiyijiapoweidianxingdejiazuqiye，zhangjiandeturanliuzhiduiyugongsiweilaidefazhanzengtianlezhuduobianshu。

yinweizheizhongjiazuqiyezaijingyingguanlishang，pubianshidalaobanzhijiejuece，zhenggesiluyeshizaitadenaozili，ruguoduanshijianxiaoshibuhuichuxiantaidawenti，danshijianyizhangkenenghuiranggongsicuoguoxuduoshichangjihui。

zhanzaidangxiajiedianguancha，keyifaxianaimakejizaiguanlishangdewentiyizhicunzai，yinweiguanlibudangchanshengdeyixilieliansuofanyingyeshizhongbansuizheqiye。errujinxinguobiaotihuanchaoyiguo，diandongchexingyejinruxiabanchang，aimakejizaihaiweijianlixinquxiandebeijingxia，juecerenzanshibeiliuzhi，gengshiweiqiweilaigaishangyicengyinmai。

管理问题，早已显露

aimakejishiyijiadianxingdejiazuqiye，juaimakejikeji2023niannianbaopilu，dangnianzhangjian、duanhua（zhangjianzhiqi）、zhanggege（zhangjiannver）conggongsihuodedeshuiqianbaochouzongefenbiewei321.37wanyuan、308.23 wanyuan、50.72wanyuan，heji680.32wanyuan。zhengge“zhangjia”chiyouleaimakejijin7chenggufen。

shoulideguquanjiushiqiangshideziben。dangnianzaigongsishoucichongciipoqijian，aimakejibianbeipuchugaocengguanxiehuadexiaoxi，gongsifuzongcaiguxinjianbeikongduizongcaizhangjianqiaozhalesuo，jineda2.35yiyuan。

erguxinjianzeshizhangjianzuiweizhongyaodehezuohuobanhehuobanren，dangnian，wuxiaimakejichengweitianjindeaimakejimakejizigongsihou，cengjingdedaigongqiyelaobanguxinjian，bianweiaimakejikejifuzong，bingchiyoutianjinaimakeji3%degufen。

liangrenfanmuchengchouzhixia，guxinjianbeizhangjiansongrubanfang，aimakejizeyinloushuiwentishoudaolexingzhengchufa，zhuijiaozengzhishui、qiyesuodeshui2000wanyuan，tongshichuyifakuan1000wanyuan。

duiwairendeqiangshibuzhizheiyici。

aimakejizaishangshihourenmingrenyongweigongsidezongjingli，danshimeiyouaimakejidegufen。renyongciqianshimeidejiajujiadianchanpinxiaoshouzongjian，zhongguoshichangyingxiaohexiediaogaojizongjian；huadigongsidechuangxinfuwubuzongjingli，juzhichufangdezongjingli，zheishiyigedianxingdejingyanfengfudewaibuzhiyejingliren，renyongzaiaimakejidenianxindadaole469wan，shizhangjiandesibei，yedaibiaoleaimakejikejiduirenyongdeqiwang。danzairenyongchuren3geyuehou，turanxuanbucizhi，anzhaoaimakejideshuofa，renyongjuyoufengfudeguanlijingyanhedudaodezhanlveshiye，zhiyuweishenmezheiweirencaihuizhudonglizhi，yeyindewaijie“yitouwushui”。

buguoyouyisideshi，aimakejidegaoguancengbuque“chijiaoyisheng”。18suishizhangjiandenverzhanggege，bianjinruaimakejikejirenzhi，xianhoudanrenzongjinglizhuli、dongshizhangmishu、dongshidengzhi。erqixueliweigaozhong，danrengongsidongshiyinjiatingneibuanpaiyouzhangjiantiming。ciwaigongsidongshiduoweizhongzhuanxuelide“laoyibei”，benkejiyishangxuelide“zhiyerenyuan”quzhikeshu。

wulunshiduiwairende“paiji”，haishiduizijirendefuchi，dounengkanchuaimakejizaiguanlishangdewenti。erzheicizhangjianbeiliuzhiyeshigaiwentigengweiqingximingle。

10yue11ri，xinshangxiangaimakejixiangguanrenyuanxunwengaishijianshifouyingxiangzhangjianzhengchanglvzhi，duifangbiaoshiguanzhugongsiduiwaigonggaoxinxi。eryitouzizheshenfenzhidianaimakejikejihou，qigongsigongzuorenyuanbiaoshi：“gangjiedaotongzhi，zhengzaineibugoutong。shangwufaquedingzhangjiannengfouzhengchanglvzhi、jieshouwenjian”。

suiranaimakejiqiangdiao，shangshushixiangbuhuiduigongsizhengchangshengchanjingyingchanshengzhongdayingxiang。danjuecerenzhangjiandezanshiyinmei，xianranzaiyidingchengdushanghuiyingxianggongsiyunxing。

两轮乏力，产销失衡

aimakejiguanlicengdejuece，yeyingxiangzheqichanpin、yejishuipingyijizhanlvefangxiang。

2023nian，aimadiandongchedediandonglianglunchexiaoliangwei1028.96wanliang，zaidiandonglianglunchecunliangboyizhiji，yinianhainengmaiyiqianwanliang，queshifengguangwuxian。

danbunenghushideshi，guoqujinianjian，aimadiandongchetongguodianshimeiti、hulianwangpingtaipinfanjinxingguanggaoxuanchuan，zheiyedaozhibaohanguanggaojiyewuxuanchuanfeizaineidexiaoshoufeiyongliannianpansheng，cong2020niande3.99yiyuanshangzhangzhi2023niande6.41yiyuan。

eryuzhixiangduide，gongsitourudeyanfafeiyongqueyuanbujixiaoshoufeiyong。2023nian，aimadiandongchedeyanfafeiyongsuirancong2020niande2.39yiyuanshengzhiwei5.89yiyuan，danlinianlaidiyuxiaoshoufeiyong，yecengyidubeishichangchengwei“zhongyingxiao、qingyanfa”。

huoshishouciyingxiang，aimadiandongchejinliangnianzaiduodishichangjianguanbumendechouchazhong，lvcibeifaxiancunzaizhiliangwenti。biruyantaishi、wenzhoushi、shenzhenshi、hainandengduogediqudeshichangjianduguanlijuchoujianbuhege，baokuobuhegexiangmuwei“zhengchezhiliang”“duanlubaohu”“chicunxianzhi”deng。

gengweiyanjundeshi，guojiashichangjianguanzongjuguanwangfabude2024nianshangbanniandiandongzixingchechanpinzhiliangguojiajianduzhuanxiangchouchajieguoqingkuangtongbao，qizhongaimadiandongchewucishangbang。

chulechanpinwenti，zaichannengshangaimakejiyeduoshaoyouxietakong。

xinguobiaogongbuhou，yadixunjikuochan，2019～2021nian，channengcong800wantaizengzhi1700wantai，zengfuda125%。zheishiqizaixinguobiaohuanchegaofengdaolaishi，chidaolezuidahongli，yingshouzengsuyuangaoyutongqideaima、xinri。

raneraimakejidefanyinghuozheshuoxingdongyouxiezhihou，2021niancaikaishidaxingshengchanjidi，erxiaodianlvjianshezhouqitongchangwei1-2nian，zheixiekuojiandechanneng，rujincaikaishiluxushifang。shujuxianshi，jiezhi2023niandi，aimakejinianchannengshixian1060wanliang，zaizhongqing、lishui、guigang、lanzhoudengdidexinjidizhengzaijianshezhong，wanquandachanyujinianchannengchaoguo2000wanliang。

erjuairuizixunyujinnian6yuefabude《2024nianzhongguolianglundiandongchexingyeyanjiubaogao》xianshi，2018nianfabude《xinguobiao》zhengcecuishengfeiguobiaochetihuanchao，suizhezhengcedezhubutuixing，yinlaile3-5niandeshichangzengzhang，suizhe《xinguobiao》zhengcehuanmanluomu，guoneilianglundiandongcheshichangxiaoliangjianghuiguidaochangtaitihuan、shaoliangxinzengdezhuangkuang。

gaibaogaozhichu，xinguobiaotihuanchaoyiguo，2023nianguoneizhengtixiaoliangyuezai5500wanliang，yuji2024nianguoneizhengtixiaoliangyuezai5000wanliang。

danbaoshouguji，jinnianxingyeqianliumingwanjiahejichannenghuodajianglashengdaojin7000wantai，erqianliujiachangshangdefene，yuezhanquanxingye70%，zheiyiweizhe，quanxingyechannengkenengbijin1yitai。jibianjiashanghaiwaizuidianfengshide2000wanliang，haishidadachaoguoxingyezongxuqiuliang。

erduiyuaimakejilaishuo，gengjishoudeshi，zheixieduiqidegongchanghechanxian，rangqigudingzichanhezaijiangongchengdafuzengzhang。touchanhou，huichengweiqiyezhangshangdezhejiuhetanxiao，ruguomeiyouzugoudexiaolianglaijinxingtanbo，houguobukanshexiang。

xinguobiaotihuanchaoyiguo，jixuyazhuerlunchexianranshibumingzhidexuanze，yushiaimakejijiangzengzhangdexiwangfentandaolesanlunyijisiluncheshang。

多轮驱动，仍难增长

jinnianyilai，aimakejizaisanlunyijisiluncheshangdeguihuashifenhongda。

4yuedi，aimakejifabugonggao，niyufengxianrenminzhengfuqianshu《touzixieyishu》，touziyue30yiyuanxingjianaimakejijituanfengxianchanyeyuanxiangmu，yongyujinyibukuodagongsidiandongsanlunchechanpinchanneng。yigeyuehou，aimazaifakuochangonggao，niyulanzhouxinquguanliweiyuanhuiqianshu《touzixieyishu》touziyue20yiyuan，xingjianaimalanzhouxinquchanyeyuanxiangmu，yongyujinyibukuodagongsidiandonglianglunche、diandongsanlunchechanpinchanneng。

zongeyue50yiyuandetouziduiyuaimalaishuokeweidashoubi。bijing，zai2021nian6yueshangshishi，aimamujizijinzongejin18.11yiyuan，zhuyaoyongyudiandongzixingchezhengchejianzao、shengchanxiangaizaodengxiangmu。

congshichangguimolaikan，sanlunchechanpinyuerlunchexiangbiqueshilanhai。zhiyanzixunbaogaoxianshi，woguodiandongsanluncheshichangguimocong2017niande257.24yiyuanzengzhangzhi2022nian398.27yiyuan；xuqiuliangzi2020niankaishimingxianhuisheng，2021nian、2022nianfenbiedadao1301.2wanliang、1395wanliang；zhengtidiandongsanluncheshichangjunjiawenbuzengzhang，2022nianda2855yuan/liang。

lingwai，diandongsanluncheshichangjingzhengyexiangduifensan，muqian，quanguogongyoudiandongsanlunchepinpaichangjia500yujia，nianchanliangchaoguoshiwanliangdeyoushushijiaqiye。zheiduitoubuqiyedekuozhangtigongleyidingzhuli。

raner，diandongsanluncheshichangtongyangmianlinzhengceshoujinheanquanyinhuandewenti。beijing、tianjindengdiyijingchutaiguiding，xianzhibufuhebiaozhundedisusan、siluncheshangluxingshi。ciwai，zhongguoxiaofeizhexiehuidepengzhuangceshixianshi，disusan、silunchedeanquanxingcunzaiyanzhongwenti，zengjialexiaofeizhedui“laotoule”dengdiandongsanlunchededanyou。

qishizaiaimakejidezhanlveguihuazhong，silunchecaishizuijuxiangxiangkongjiande。jinnian3yuechu，cengyinjingyingbushanerpochanzhidouqichexuanbuwanchengzhongzu。erjiliqichejituan、aimakejichuangshirenzhangjianjunchuxianzailezibenmingdanzhong。

chulejiyuzijinzhichi，ciqiancailianshedebaodaocheng，zhongzhenghoudezhidouzaiyanfa、gongyinglian、xiaoshouqudaodengyezhenghelejiliheaimadeziyuan。zheiyifangmianyiweizhezhidoukeyiliyongaimajiasutuozhanxiaoshoubuju；lingyifangmianyeweiaimatigonglezengzhang。

buguo，aimadediandongsilunchemuqianzaishichangshangbingweixianqitaidabolan，yeweichengweigongsiyeji、xiaoliangdeyoulizhuli。huoxu，zhangjianruguzhidouqiche，benshenjiushizaiweiaimafazhandiandongsilunche“qujing”，zhishinengfoutupozengzhangpingjing，haiyoudaiguancha。

guoqujinian，yixiandiandongchechangshangpingjiemijidejingxiaoshangwangluohechongzudechanneng，zaixingyehongliqizhuandepenmanboman，dandangxingyejinrucunliangboyishichanghou，pindebianbuzaishiqudaohechanneng，gengchuangxindechanpin、genggaoxiaodeguanlifangshi、gengzhangyuandezhanlvemubiaodoujiangchengweibixiu。

xianran，duiyuaimalaishuo，shishihouyonglaiyichangzishangdaoxiadeguanligemingle。