界面新闻记者 | 陈升龙

界面新闻编辑 | 刘海川

jukuaguojigoutongji，zi2008nianyilai，quanshijie195geguojiazhongzhishaoyou92gezaiyidingchengdushangjuanrulebaolichongtuzhizhong。qizhongjinewu、bayixiangguandejiuzhanjuyibanyishangdeguojixinwentoutiao。

zhanzhengzuizhijiededaijiajiushiwushubaoguideshengming。lingjulianheguodeniandushujutongji，2023nianquanqiugedidechongtuzhongzhishaoyou33443mingpingminsiwang，bi2022nianzengjia72%，qizhongshifenzhiqishinvxingheertong。yonglianheguomishuzhangguteleisidehuashuo，“jishinianlaiqudedejinbuzhengzaiwomenyanqianxiaoshi”。

jigouzai2024nian10yue22rifabubaogaozhichu，zi2014nianwukelandongbuchongtubaofayilai，wukelanrenkouyijianshaoleyue1000wan，qizhong80%deweisuochuxianzai2022nian2yuezhihou。

wukelanzai1991nianxuanbudulishirenkoushuyuewei5200wan，youyudalianglaodongliwailiu，renkouweijizineishihoujiukaishichuxianle。lijiezhengfuyetuichulegezhongzhushengcuoshi，lirujiangdaiyunshangyehefahua。muqian，quanwukelanyuegongyou50jiarengongshoujingyiyuan。

2014niannianchuewubaofajubuzhanzheng，yuanwukelanzizhigongheguokelimiya（renkouyue197wan‌）beinaruleeluosibantu，suihoudunniecikehelugansike（zongrenkouyuewei470wan）yexuanbudulichengli“gongheguo”。jingduofangdiaotinghewoxuan，wukelanzhengfuchengrenlezheilianggezhoudezizhidiwei，danzhihouxiaoguimojiaohuorengshiyoufasheng。suihouyinshoubeiyuedongkuojiwudongchongtuyingxiang，eluosiyu2022nian2yuediduiwukelanzhankai“tebiejunshixingdong”，xinyilunchongtuchixuzhijin。

youyuzhanzhengchixu，wukelandangjujinjinianmeiyoujinxingrenkoupucha。lianheguorenkoujijinhuifuzerenbaoer（florence bauer）yuanyinwukelanguojiatongjijudeshujucheng，2014nianwukelanzongrenkouyuewei4500wan，2022nian2yuejianshaozhi4300wan，rujinyijingjiangzhi3500wan。renkoukuaisuweisuozhuyaoyuanyusangefangmian：zhanzhengnanmin、chushenglvxiajiangyijizhanzhengshangwang。

julianheguonanminshutongji，chongtushide1400wanwukelanrenliulishisuo，chaoguo670wantaowanghaiwai，qizhongdegaosuzhinianqingrenhegaojinengrencaifenfendingjulinguo。tamendelikaiwuyiduiwukelanderenkoujiegouheshehuifazhanzaochenglejudadechongji。

此外，原本乌克兰的出生率本就位列欧洲各国最低。近两年来，乌克兰的总和生育率（每个育龄妇女平均生育子女数）yijingxiajiangdao1，yuandiyuweichirenkouguimosuoxude2.1。zhanzhengbaofahou，wuguoneixuduodaiyunyiyuandeyishenghuidaizhejingzi、luanzihetiwaishoujingshebeisichutaoli，tongshihaizaiguojiahaozhaoxiamianfeiweishangzhanchangdeshibingtigonglengdongjingziheluanzifuwu。

chongtuyijingchixule32geyue，shuangfangdouxiaohaolejidaderenli。jiaozhanguowangwangbuduiwaigongkaibenfangsishangqingkuang，yibidifanghuoquyouguanqixingdongyouxiaoxingdexinxi，dantongshihuikuadaduifangdesunshi。jueluosirtxinwenwangzhanjinnian9yuebaodao，eguofangbugujiwukelanyijingsunshilejin50wanbingli。zheidaozhidaliangwukelannvxingxuyaoduzijiannanfuyangzinv。

wukelanyuanbenyongyoufengfuderenliheziranziyuan，qirenkoudafujianshaojiangduiquanqiudenongye、nengyuanyijizhengzhigejuchanshengyingxiang。lianheguoguanyuanbaoerzhichu，weilaiwukelanzhongjiankeyijiejianruidiandengguojingyan，zhuzhongjianshexingbiepingdeng、jiatingyouhaoxinggongzuohuanjing、youliyujiatingjianshedebaorongxingjingjizhengce，bingguliliuwanghaiwaidetongbaohuiguo。

ereluosifangmiantongyangburongleguan。shijieyinxinggongkaideshujuxianshi，sulianjietishieluosiderenkoujiejin1.5yi，suihouyinweizhanzheng、jingjishuaituiheyiminjianshaodengyinsusuojianzhi1.44yi，daobenshijimokenenghaihui“yaozhan”。congshishengchan、lingshou、wuliuhedianzishangwudegongsiyouqimianlinlaodongliduanquedekunjing。

tongguoyiheshideyouxiaoxinxitongjixianshi，jiezhi2024nian10yue11ri，yiyou72899mingeluosishibingzaiwukelanzhenwang。er《jingjixueren》yuanyinmeiguoguofangbudewenjianbaodaocheng，jiezhi6yuezhongxun，you462000zhi728000mingeluosishibingbeisha、shoushanghuobeifu。

meiguozhikudaxiyanglishihui、meiguoqiaozhichengdaxuemingyujiaoshouhalei·baerze（harley balzer）zhichu，eluosicunzaicaozongtongjishujudewenti，baokuojiangbeizhandiquderenkoujiarubenguo、shenglvezhanzhengshangwangdeng。weilezhengjiurenkouweiji，jinliangnianeluosizhengfuzhengshitucongyindu、bajisitan、mengjialaguohechaoxiandengguojiaxiyinlaodongli，haijihuaqidongxindeshidianxiangmu，weiyouhaizidejiatinghedanqinmamaewaishelishehuiheyiliaoyuanzhuxitong。ciwai，sifabunichutaifaanjinzhixuanchuanwuzinvsixiang，zheizaiqiguoneiyinfalezhengyi。

以巴以为核心的中东火药桶也在持续引爆，并伴随着前所未有的人道主义危机。截至10月22日，以军在加沙地带的军事行动已导致42718名巴勒斯坦人死亡、100282人受伤，约旦河西岸地区741名巴勒斯坦人死亡，其中163名死者是儿童。近日一名加沙3岁男童被空投援助物资砸死，他的亲属这样对媒体说：“我们不要援助。我们要的是尊严。”

yucitongshi，yiseliezaibianjingbeibuyulibanenzhenzhudangdechongtuzhengzaikuaisushengji，quanmianzhanzhengyichujifa。libanenzhengfuzuixinbaogaoxianshi，zi2023nian10yue8riliyichongtubaofayilai，libanenyizaoshouyiselie10849cixiji，zaocheng2574rensiwang、12001renshoushang。100duowanliulishisuorenkou，qianwanglinguoxuliyaderenyuanshuliangdadaojin40wanren。

zaibuyuanchudealabobandaoxibu，zi2015nianyemenzhengfujunjihusaiwuzhuangzuzhideneizhankaishihou，2160wanrenjixurendaozhuyiyuanzhu，qizhongbaokuo1100wanertong，zijinquekouda27yimeiyuan。rujinshuangfanghetandexiwang，yesuizhebayitinghuoxieyichichiweidachengerpomie。lianheguoyemenwentiteshigelundebeili（hans grundberg）jinggao，yemenzhengmianlinzhongfanquanmianzhanzhengdefengxian。

而在缺乏全球话语权的非洲东部，另一场人道主义危机正在悄然蔓延。2023年4月15日，苏丹武装部队与快速支援部队在首都喀土穆交火，随后蔓延至其他地区，激烈的武装对峙导致国家治理体系和社会服务濒临崩溃，jiezhi10yue22riyiyou2.48wanrensiwang，1140wanrenliulishisuo。

这个拥有4811万人口的国家正面临世界上最大规模的饥荒，约1600万儿童处于严重饥饿状态。自今年9月下旬起，霍乱、登革热、疟疾等疾病开始大面积传播。另据国际救援委员会统计，由联合国牵头的本年度27亿美元援助目标仅实现了48%。