中国“人才友好型城市”发展指数课题组
中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院、中国人民大学长江经济带研究院：钱明辉、应芷安、潘菲
界面新闻/界面智库：崔宇、毛盾、王玉
2024年5月，中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院、中国人民大学信息资源管理学院、界面新闻/界面智库等lianheqidongle“zhongguorencaiyouhaoxingchengshifazhanzhishu”yanjiu，zhizaikexuepinggubutongquyu“rencaiyouhaoxingchengshi”dejiansheshuiping，faxiangedizairencaipeiyang、yinjinheshiyongguochengzhongde“tongdian”he“dudian”，weigedirencaizhengcezhidingtigongjianjushiyongxinghezhenduixingdecankao。
相关阅读：中国城市人才政策有哪些特征？离“人才友好型”还有多远？
tongguoqianqiduigechengshirencaizhengcedeguangfandiaoyan，ketizufaxian，xianyuzuoweiguominjingjihequyujingzhengdejibendanyuan，qirencaizhengceyechengxianchuxianzhudequyutezheng。weilezaixinshidaiderencaijingzhengzhongzhanjuxianji，dongzhongxibuzhongduoxianyuchengshifenfenchutaileyixiliezhizaixiyin、peiyangheliuzhurencaidezhengcecuoshi。rencaizhengcebujinguanhuxianyujingjijiegoudeyouhuaheshengji，gengzhijieyingxiangdaoquyujingzhenglidetishenghexinxingchengzhenhuadetuijin。
weileshenrulejiedongzhongxigediquxianyuchengshi（baokuoxianhexianjishi）derencaizhengcexianzhuangherencaiyouhaoxingchengshijiansheshuiping，ketizuxuanqulezhejiangtaizhou、hubeixiangyanghesichuanyibinxiaxiade19gexianyuchengshizuoweiguanchayangben。taizhou、xiangyangheyibinzheisangedijichengshifenbieweiyuzhangjiangjingjidaidedongzhongxibu，fenbiexiaxia6ge、6gehe7gexianyuchengshi；sandichengqurenkouguimoxiangdang，2022nianfenbiewei116wanren、131.7wanrenhe124wanren，tongshuyuⅱxingdachengshi（jichengquchangzhurenkou100wanyishang300wanyixiadechengshi）；sandi2022nianrenjungdpfenbiewei9.1wanyuan、10.6wanyuanhe7.4wanyuan。
ketizuzhenduixianyuchengshideyanjiuyanyongle“zhongguorencaiyouhaoxingchengshifazhanzhishu”deyanjiukuangjia，baokuo“aicaiyouhaodu”“yucaiyouhaodu”“yincaiyouhaodu”he“yongcaiyouhaodu”dengweidu。jiyuyincaileixingbaorongdu、luohuzhengcefugaidu、jiankangbaozhangquanmiandu、zinvjiaoyulinghuodu、zizhuyincaizhichidu、rencaijianglifenghoudu、zhufangfuwubianlidu、zhufangbutiexiyindudengbageerjizhibiao，benwenjiangduiyangbenxianyuchengshide“yincaiyouhaodu”jinxingzhengcelianghuapinggu。
chulexuanquxiangyingdeyigehuoduogedingxingzhibiaozuoweipingguzhi，bufenerjizhibiaohaibaokuoyixiedingliangzhibiao。qizhong，rencaijianglifenghoudubaokuolianggedingliangzhibiao——duidingjiantuanduidejingfeizhichiheduiboshirencaideyuedushenghuobutie；zhufangfuwubianliduzhongdedingliangzhibiaoshirencaigongyumianzunianxian；zhufangbutiexiyinliduzhongdedingliangzhibiaoshiduiboshirencaideyicixinganjiabuzhuyijigoufangbutiedejiazong。suoyouerjizhibiaojunjinxingguiyihuachuli，defenzai0-1zhijian。shujulaiyuanbaokuozhengfugongkaipiluwenjianyijizhengfuweixingongzhonghao、xiaochengxupiluderencaixiangguanzhengcedeng。
zongtilaikan，yangbenxianyuchengshizai“yincaiyouhaodu”fangmianyouruxiasangetezheng。
一、东中西县域城市引才各有妙招，宜宾更重视企业自主引才支持
zaiyincaileixingbaorongduheluohuzhengcefugaidufangmian，taizhouxianyuchengshidejunzhiwei1，erzailuohuzhengcefugaidushangxiangyangheyibinxianyuchengshidejunzhifenbiewei0.83he0.67，taizhouxianyuchengshizaizhenduirencaipeiou、zinv、fumudexiangguanluohuzhengceshanggengweiwanbei。
zaijiankangbaozhangquanmiandu、zinvjiaoyulinghuodu、qiyezizhuyincaizhichidufangmian，yibinxianyuchengshidejunzhifenbiewei0.51、0.79he0.57，junchaoyuetaizhouhexiangyangxianyuchengshidebiaoxian。biru，guanyurencaijiuzhen、tijianyijikangyangdexiangguanzhengce，taizhouhexiangyangdexianyuchengshijunxianshaotiji。xiangjiaozhixia，zaijiankangbaozhanglingyu，yibinbujintuichuxiangguanzhengcedexianyuchengshigengduo，erqiebufenxianyuchengshihaiyougengjiajutideguiding，ruyibinzhangningxianzhichu，zaixianshugongliyiyuanjiuzhen，mianguahaofei，bingqieyouyongrendanweimeinianzuzhikaizhanyicijiankangtijian，biaozhunbudiyu800yuan/ren。zaizinvjiaoyufangmian，sangechengshidexianyuchengshidoutuichulexiangguandecuoshi，chayizhuyaotixianzaibufendiquderencaizinvxiangyougenggaodeziyoudu，nenggouziyouxuanzequyuneirenhexuexiaojiudu。
zaiqiyezizhuyincaifangmian，yibinhetaizhoudexianyuchengshidoujiaoweijiji，zhenduiqiyeyincaiyoubutongchengdudejiangli，ciwai，yibinbufenxianyuchengshihaiduiqiyexiafanglerencaizizhurendingquan，rugaoxiantidaogenjuxianneiqiyechuangxinchuangyeqingkuang，fenbiejiyu4-10mingchanyeguganrencaizizhupingjiarendingminge，bingyicixingjiangli1wanyuan/ren。
zairencaijianglifenghoudu、zhufangfuwubianlidu、zhufangbutiexiyindufangmian，taizhoudexianyuchengshijunjiaoxiangyangheyibinyoujiaoweimingxiandelingxianyoushi。zairencaijianglifenghoudufangmian，zaiduidingjiantuanduidejingfeizhichishang，taizhouxianyuchengshidebiaoxianyouweituchu，pingjundefenwei0.39，qizhichiliduyuanchaoxiangyangheyibin。raner，zaizhenduiboshigaoxuelirencaideyuedushenghuobutiefangmian，xiangyangxianyuchengshidebiaoxianzegengweizhuoyue，qitigongdebutiejineshitaizhouheyibinxianyuchengshideliangbeizuoyou。
zaizhufangbianlidufangmian，taizhouderencaigongyuherencaiyizhanjianshegengweiwanshan，xiaxiadesuoyouxianyuchengshijunyouxiangguanzhengce，erxiangyangheyibinjinbufenxianyuchengshiyouxiangguanzhengce。congmianfeifuwunianxianlaikan，xiangyangxianyuchengshidepingjunfuwushijianzuizhang，wei4nian，jinsuiqihoudeshitaizhou3nian，eryibinjinwei2nian。zaizhufangbutiexiyindufangmian，taizhouxianyuchengshidafudulingxianyuxiangyangheyibin。
二、县域城市的人才奖励和住房补贴政策差异显著
jiyuduitaizhou、xiangyangheyibinxiaxia19gexianyuchengshide“yincaizhengce”jinxinghengxiangduibi，ketizufaxian，taizhoushixiaxiadelinhaishihewenlingshizaiduogepingguweidushangjunyouchusebiaoxian，zhangxianletamenzaixiyinrencaifangmiandeqiangjingjingzhengli。yucitongshi，yibinshidegongxian、zhangningxianhegaoxianyegeziyouzhepojutesedeyinrenzhengce。xiangduieryan，xiangyangshideguchengxianhelaohekoushizai“yincaiyouhaodu”deduoxiangpingjiazhibiaoshangzeshaoxunyichou。
zailuohuzhengcefugaidufangmian，taizhoudexianyuchengshiyuxiangyangheyibindexianyuchengshixiangbiyouxiweidechayi，zhuyaotixianzaixiangyangheyibindexianyuchengshizaisuiqianrenyuanzhengcezhongjinshejidaolepeiouhezinv，weibaohanfumu。zaijiankangbaozhangfangmian，yibinxianyuchengshidezhengcefugaifanweijiaoweiquanmian，youqishizhangningxianheyunlianxianbiaoxiantuchu，defenfenbiewei1he0.80，erqitaxianyuchengshidefenduozai0.5yixia。zhangningxianbujinweirencaitigongjiuyimianguahaofeihejiankangtijiandengjichufuli，haitichuduiyuyoutiaojiandejianxijidi，guliweijianxirenyuangoumaishangyeyiliaobaoxian。yucitongshi，yunlianxianhainangkuoletigongxinlizixunfuwudexuanxiang。zaizinvjiaoyulinghuodufangmian，yibindegaoxian、yunlianxian、xingwenxianhepingshanxianjiaoweituchu，qizhidinglekerangrencaizinvzizhuzexiaodexiangguanzhengce。
zaizizhuyincaizhichidufangmian，xiangyangxianyuchengshixiangjiaoyutaizhouheyibindexianyuchengshibiaoxianbushenlixiang，jiaoshaozhidingzhenduiqiyezizhuyincaidegulizhengce。xiangbizhixia，taizhouheyibindexianyuchengshijibenshangdouyoushishixiangguanzhengcejiliqiyejijiyinjinrencai。zhideyitideshi，yibindegaoxianhegongxianzaiqiyezizhuyincaifangmianzuodegengweilingxian，tamenyunxuqiyezizhurendingrencai，congerjinyibukuodaleqiyezairencaiyinjinheshiyongshangdezizhuquan。
zairencaijianglifenghoudufangmian，taizhoudetiantaixian、linhaishi、wenlingshizaiduidingjiantuanduidejingfeizhichishanglidujiaoda。zaiduiboshirencaideyuedushenghuobutiefangmian，xiangyangdexianyuchengshibiaoxianyouweituchu，youqishinanzhangxian，qitigongdeshenghuobutieedujibenshiqitaxianyuchengshide2-4bei。
zaizhufangfuwubianlidufangmian，gexianyuchengshizhijiancunzaimingxiandefenceng。taizhouzairencaigongyuherencaiyizhanfangmianjiaoweiwanshan，erxiangyangdeguchengxian、laohekoushiyijiyibindezhangningxian、gaoxian、xingwenxian、pingshanxiandengxianyuchengshizairencaigongyuhuorencaiyizhandejiansheshangcunzaibutongchengdudequeshi。zaimianzunianxianfangmian，taizhouxianyuchengshijunwei3nian，xiangyangdenanzhangxian、baokangxian、yichengshiheyibindegongxian、yunlianxian、pingshanxiandengxianyuchengshizetigonglejiaozhangdemianzushizhang，mianzuqijunwei5nian，yuxiadexianyuchengshibingweitigongmingquedemianzushixian。
zaizhufangbutiexiyindufangmian，yiboshirencaiweiguanchabiaozhun，gegexianyuchengshidebiaoxianchajuxianzhu。taizhoudexianyuchengshizailiduhefugaimianshangdoujiaoweituchu，tebieshizaigoufangbutiefangmian，zongekedadao50wanyuan。eryibindegongxianyebiaoxiandexiangduiliangyan，duiyuputongyuanxiaodeboshibiyesheng，butiekeda45wanyuan，duiyubufenzhongdiandaxuedeboshisheng，butiegengshigaoda105wanyuan。xiangbizhixia，xiangyangxianyuchengshizaizheiyifangmiandebutiezhengcezexiandejiaoweiboruo，guchengxian、zaoyangshi、laohekoushidengjunweitijixiangguandebutiezhengce。
三、相较市级政策，县域城市对人才的奖励支持明显不足
ketizufaxian，taizhoushiji“yincaiyouhaodu”zaidabufenweidujunyouyuqixiaxiaxianyuchengshi，jinzaiyincaileixingbaorongduhezhufangbutiexiyindufangmianxianyuchengshilveyouyushiyiji，taizhouxianyuchengshizaizheilianggezhibiaoshangdefenjunwei1，ertaizhoushijicengmianfenbieshi0.75he0.80；xiangyangxianyuchengshizairencaijianglifenghoudu、zhufangfuwubianlidu、zhufangbutiexiyindudengdingliangzhibiaofangmianjunjiaoshiyijibiaoxianshaocha；yibinxianyuchengshizeshizailuohuzhengcefugaidu、rencaijianglifenghouduhezhufangfuwubianlidufangmianjiaoshiyijibiaoxianshaocha，danzaizhufangbutiexiyindushangxianyuchengshipingjundefenwei0.59，jiejinshiyijideliangbei。zongtilaikan，xiangbishijizhengce，xianyuchengshizairencaijianglifenghoudufangmianliduxiangduijiaoruo，danzaizhufangbutiexiyindufangmianliduxiangduigengda。
zaiyincaileixingbaorongduheluohuzhengcefugaidufangmian，xianyuchengshidepingjunzhijunhaoyushiyiji，rencaiyinjinjibenweilingmenjian，rencaikeshixianqingsongluohu，duiyusuiqianrenyuandeluohuyejiaoweiyouhao。jiankangbaozhangquanmiandu、zinvjiaoyulinghuoduyijiqiyezizhuyincaizhichidushangyibinxianyuchengshidepingjunshuzhiyaomingxianyouyushiyiji，youqishizaituidongqiyezizhuyinjinrencaidezhengceshijianfangmian，yibindexianyuchengshipingjunzhiwei0.57，mingxianlingxianyushijizhengce。qizhong，gongxiandezhengceliduyouweixianzhu，qiguliguoyouqiye、minyingqiyezhaoyinzhudaochanyelingyugaocengcihejinquerencai。zuigaojiyuqiye 10wanyuan/ren、zongebuchao100wanyuan/niandeyicixingyincaijiangli，bingqiezaicijichushanghaijiadaleduiqiyerencaizizhupingjiashouquan。
zairencaijianglifenghoudufangmian，duiyuduidingjiantuanduidejingfeizhichieryan，suiranxianyuchengshizaijingfeizhichishangcaiqulelinghuodeyishiyiyifangshi，danyushiyijidedingliangzhibiaowufajinxingyouxiaoduibi，jianyixianyuchengshishouxianyushiyijidejingfeizhichibiaozhunjinxinglianghuaduibiao，ranhouzaicijichushangzengjiaxianyuchengshiteyoudezhengcezhichi。zaiduiboshirencaideyuedushenghuobutiefangmian，xianyuchengshidejunzhijunbujishiji，tebieshiyibinxianyuchengshidepingjunzhiwei0.24，zaibutieedushangbudaoshiyijideyiban。jianyixianyuchengshiyingmingquebingtigaojingfeizhichiheshenghuobutiedebiaozhun，yijijianhuajingfeishenqingliucheng，laizengqiangduigaocengcirencaidexiyinli。
zhufangfuwubianliduhangaixiangguanderencaigongyu、rencaiyizhanyijixiangyingdemianfeifuwunianxian，taizhouxianyuchengshixiangguandingxinghedingliangzhibiaodejunzhifenbiewei0.92he0.50，jibenjiejinshijideshuiping，danshixiangyangheyibindexianyuchengshirengjiaoshijiyouyidingchaju，bufenxianyuchengshizairencaigongyu、rencaiyizhanfangmiandejianshecunzaiqueshi，ciwai，yibinxianyuchengshidepingjunmianfeijuzhunianxianwei2nian，diyushiyijide3nianbiaozhun，jinguanyixiexianyutigonglezhangda5niandemianzuqi，danyeyoubufenxianyuchengshiweimingqueguidingjutidemianzushizhang，jinhanhuditidao“yidingqixianneimianfeiruzhu”。weiletigaozhengcedetoumingduhexiyinli，jianyixiangguanxianyuchengshiyanzhangbingmingquerencaizhufangdemianfeifuwunianxian，tongshijiaqiangrencaigongyuherencaiyizhandejianshe，quebaozhengcedeyizhixinghexiyinli，congertishengxianyuchengshiduirencaidezhengtifuwushuiping。congzhufangbutiedexiyinlilaikan，taizhou、xiangyangheyibinxianyuchengshizaigailingyudebiaoxianfenbiewei1、0.22、0.59，shiyijizefenbiewei0.8、0.24、0.30，xianshichuzaizhufangbutiefangmian，xianyuchengshixiangjiaoyushiyijiyougengdadezhengcelidu。
zongshangsuoshu，dongzhongxibuxianyuchengshizai“yincaizhengce”shangzhanxianchulegezidetedianheyoushi。taizhouxianyuchengshizairencaijianglifenghoudu、zhufangfuwubianliduhezhufangbutiexiyindushanglingxian，xianshichujiaoqiangdezhengceliduheguangdu。yibinxianyuchengshizaijiankangbaozhangquanmianduheqiyezizhuyincaizhichidushangbiaoxiantuchu，youqishizaituidongqiyezizhuyinjinrencaidezhengceshijianfangmianzouzaiqianlie。erxiangyangxianyuchengshizaizizhuyincaizhichiduhezhufangbutiexiyindushangxiangduijiaoruo，youdaijinyibutisheng。weilai，gexianyuchengshiyingjixuyouhuarencaizhengce，tigaozhengcedezhenduixingheshixiaoxing，yigenghaodixiyinheliuzhurencai，tuidongquyujingjidegaozhiliangfazhan。
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