界面新闻记者 | 刘林

界面新闻编辑 | 崔宇

编者按：2024年9月召开的中央政治局会议提出，要帮助企业渡过难关，进一步规范涉企执法、监管行为；要出台民营经济促进法，为非公有制经济发展营造良好环境。继2023年民企大调研之后，界面新闻和界面智库2024年10月起再次开展年度民营企业发展现状调研，以了解民营企业最新发展动态以及政策和法律诉求，助力民企渡过难关（欢迎扫描下图二维码，以匿名方式参与本次调研）。 本文为2024民企大调研系列报道的第二篇，旨在通过官方统计数据反映私营工业企业的经营情况。

2024nianqiansanjidu，woguoguimoyishanggongyeqiyechukoujiaohuozhizengzhang4.1%、yingyeshourutongbizengzhang2.1%，jiaoshangniantongqifenbiejiakuai8.9、2.1gebaifendian。yucitongshi，qiansanjiduguishanggongyechanxiaolvchuanglishitongqixindi、quanbugongyepinchuchangjiagetongbixiajiang2%。

zaizheiyangfenfanfuzadebeijingxia，siyinggongyeqiyezuoweigongyedezhongyaozuchengbufen，qiyinglizhuangkuangjiujingruhe？guojiatongjiju10yuedifabudesiyinggongyeqiyeyixiliexiaoyizhibiao，weiwomenjieshileyixieduanni。

规上私营工业企业达到37.8万家，占比再创新高。qiansanjidu，guimoyishangsiyinggongyeqiyeshuliangtongbizengzhangle6.47%，dadao37.8wanjia，qizaiguishanggongyeqiyedanweishuzhongdezhanbijinyibushangshengzhi74.89%，zaichuangtongqilishixingao（guimoyishanggongyeshizhinianzhuyingyewushouru2000wanyuanjiyishangdegongyeqiye）。

yucitongshi，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyezichanzongezaizichanfuzhailvxiajiangdetongshijixuzengzhang，qiansanjidutongbizengsuwei4.5%，buguo，pingjunyonggongrenshutongbijixuxiajiang1.8%。

规上私营工业企业营业收入同比增速由负转正。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingyeshouruzengzhang2.4%，ershangniantongqiweixiajiang0.8%。siyinggongyeyingyeshouruzengzhangsudugaoyuguoyoukonggugongyeqiye（tongbizengzhang0.9%），yehaoyuwaishangjigangaotaishanggongyeqiye（tongbixiajiang0.4%，shangniantongqitongbixiajiang3.7%），dandiyugufenzhiqiye（tongbizengzhang2.8%）。

规上私营工业企业利润连续三年负增长，但降幅收窄。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyelirunzongetongbixiajiang0.6%，shilianxudisanniantongqifuzengzhang，buguo，yushangniantongqixiangbi，jiangfushouzhai2.6gebaifendian。guishangsiyinggongyeqiyelirunzongezengsujiaoguishangguoyoukonggugongyeqiye（tongbixiajiang6.5%）gaochu5.9gebaifendian、bigufenzhigongyeqiye（tongbixiajiang4.9%）gaochu4.3gebaifendian，youci，siyinggongyeqiyelirunzengsugaochugongyeqiyezongti2.9gebaifendian。

规上私营工业企业的营运能力进一步下降。yifangmian，zichanshixiandeshouruzaichuanglishitongqixindi。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyemeibaiyuanzichanshixiandeyingyeshourujiangzhi98yuan，weilishitongqixindi，yeshi2014nianyilaitongqishoucidiepo100；2022nianzhiqian，gaizhibiaozai120yuanyishang。jinguanruci，siyingqiyezaigaixiangzhibiaodebiaoxianrengranmingxiangaoyuqitaleixingdeqiye。

lingyifangmian，chanchengpinzhouzhuantianshuchuanglishitongqixingao，chanpinzhiliushijianjiazhang，xiaoshourengranbuchang。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyechanchengpinzhouzhuantianshuwei24.4tian，jiaoshangnianzengjiale0.2tian，jiaoyiqingqianzengjiale8.3tian。tongshi，zaigeleixinggongyeqiyezhong，siyinggongyeqiyechanchengpinzhouzhuantianshujiaoguoyoukongguqiyeduoyu12tian、jiaowaishangjigangaotaishangtouziqiyeduoyu5tian、jiaogufenzhiqiyeduoyu4tian。

规上私营工业企业资金周转问题仍在加剧。suiranguishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingshouzhangkuanqiansanjidutongbizengsujiaoshangniantongqihuiluo6.4gebaifendianzhi6.6%，danrenggaoyuyingyeshouruzengsu。youci，siyinggongyeqiyeyingshouzhangkuanyuyingyeshourubizhijixushangsheng，zaichuanglishitongqixingao。

siyinggongyeqiyeyingshouzhangkuanpingjunhuishouqishangshengzhi67.7tian，zaichuanglishitongqixingao，jiaoshangniantongqizengjiale4tian，yeshilianxudiernianchuyu60tianyishang，jiaoyiqingqianzengjialejin25tian。zheikenengbiaomingqiyedeyingshouzhangkuanzaizengjia，zhanglingjiegouzhengzaiyanzhang，tongshihuikuansuduyexiangduijiaoman。

规上私营工业企业营业成本率下降，但营业费用率上升。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingyechengbentongbizengsujiaoshangniantongqijiakuai3.6gebaifendianzhi2.6%，guanlifeiyongtongbizengsujiakuai0.7gebaifendianzhi2.7%，xiaoshoufeiyonghecaiwufeiyongtongbizengsuzeyousuofanghuan。

danshi，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingyechengbenlvchuxianxiajiang，qiansanjidujiaoshangniantongqixiajiang0.3gebaifendianzhi86.59%，weilianxudiernianxiajiang，yediyuyiqingqiande2013nian-2019niantongqi。jinguanruci，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingyechengbenlvrengrangaoyuqitazhuceleixingqiye——guoyoukonggugongyeqiyewei83.71%、gufenzhigongyeqiyewei85.63%、waishangjigangaotaishanggongyeqiyewei84.4%，yegaoyuguishanggongyeqiyezongti85.38%deyingyechengbenlv。

ciwai，qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyemeibaiyuanyingyeshouruzhongdefeiyongshangsheng0.56yuanzhi9.55yuan，shitongqishoucitupo9yuan。youci，siyinggongyeqiyechengbenfeiyonglvzongtichuxianshangsheng，meibaiyuanyingyeshouruzhongchengbenfeiyongdadao96.14yuan，chuangxialishitongqixingao。

规上私营工业企业营业收入利润率进一步下降。qiansanjidu，guishangsiyinggongyeqiyeyingyeshourulirunlvwei3.9%，jiaoshangniantongqixiajiangle0.22gebaifendian，wei2011nianyilailishixindi，yeshitongqishoucidiyu4%。yuguishanggongyeqiyezongtixiangbi，yedile1.37gebaifendian。yuzhiduibixianmingdeshi，guoyoukongguqiye、waishangjigangaotaishanggongyeqiyeyingyeshourulirunlvfenbiewei6.34%、6.66%。

规上私营工业企业中亏损企业占比再次创下新高。qiansanjidu，zaiguishangsiyinggongyeqiyezhongyou26.1%deqiyecunzaikuisun，zaicichuangxiaxingao。zheiyijingshilianxudisannianchaoguoliangchengdeguishangsiyinggongyeqiyecunzaikuisun，yiqingqianzheiyibilizuigaoshiwei16.2%。

suizheguishanggongyeqiyezhongsiyingqiyezhanbishangsheng、guishangsiyinggongyezhongkuisunqiyezhanbishangsheng，guishangsiyinggongyekuisunqiyedanweikuisunejixuzengzhang，qiansanjidutongbizengsuwei9.9%，jiaoshangniantongqishangsheng1.1gebaifendian。