wen | huashangtaolve dongmuchu

youyuyejixiahua，dazhongzhunbeiguanbiqixiabufendeguogongchang，yinfaquanguozhendong。jiuliandeguozongliyehuangle，yu10yue29rizhaodaodazhongqicheceojinxingbimenhuitan，neirongdangranshi：

不希望关。

艰难的决定

10yue28ri，deguowoerfusibao，dazhongqichezongbudegongrenjuxingjihui，kangyiguanlicengtichudecaiyuanjihua。

mianduishuqianyuangong，dazhongjituanzhigongweiyuanhuifuzerenkawaluofennudishuo：“wojiedaolegaocengdetongzhi，jituanjihuasuojiandeguogongchangdeguimo，zhishaoguanbisanzuogongchang，1wanduogegongzuogangweijijikewei。”

kawaluohuayinweiluo，taixiadegongrenyishiqunqingjifen，zi1937nianchengliyilai，dazhongqichecongweijingliguoguanbibentugongchangdeweiji。

30nianqiande1994nian，dazhongyugonghuiqiandingleyixiangjiuyebaozhangxieyi，chengnuo2029nianqianbuzaideguocaiyuan。

juchengnuodaoqihaiyou5nianshijian，dazhongxiangyaozhongzhizheiyixieyi，zai2025niankaishicaiyuan，yinweitamenshizaichengbuzhule。

jinnian9yuechu，dazhongkaishizaifajiyuangongdeneibutongzhizhong，touluguanbigongchangdexiaoxi：“jituanmianlintebiezhongdadetiaozhan，chengbenchixushangzhang，lirunbuduanxiahua，wufapaichuguanbiqicheshengchanxianhelingbujianchangdekenengxing。”

dazhongceobulemuyefabiaoshengmingshuo：“ouzhouqichegongyexingshiyanjun，qianyoujiannandejingjihuanjing，houyouhushidandandejingzhengzhe，deguozhizaoyedejingzhenglizhengzaijinyibuluohou，dazhongbixuguoduanxingdong。”

dazhongcfoantelicizecongjingjizhangcengmianjieshiguanchangcaiyuan：“yiqingzhijin，zhenggeouzhoushaomaile200wanliangche，qichexingyejianshaole5wangegongzuogangwei，zheixiexuqiuyiqubuhuile，dazhongsunshile50wanliangdexiaoliang，xiangdangyuliangzuogongchangdechanneng，womenxuyaojiangdichengben。”

dazhongguanchangcaiyuandexiaoxiyichuanchu，ouzhouzuidagonghui——deguowujingonghuiig metallmashangfachuqianglieqianze：womenjueburongxudazhongzuochusunhaigongrenduiwudejihua。

9yue25ri，ig metallyudazhongjiuchengbenxuejianjihuazhankailediyiluntanpan，shubaiminggonghuichengyuangandaohannuoweidetanpanxianchanghuiwuqizhi，xiangguanlicengshiya。

ig metallshouxitanpandaibiaothorsten gr gerbiaoshi：“womenbuhuijiugongchangguanbihedaguimocaiyuanjinxingtanpan，gongrenbuyinggaiweiguanlicengdeshiwufuchudaijia，womendesuqiushiweigongrenjiaxin7%。”

kexiangerzhi，diyiluntanpandejieguoshibuhuanersan。

10yue30ri，dazhongyugonghuikaishidierluntanpan。gonghuiyaoqiuyanxujiuyebaozhangxieyi，dazhongyuyijujue。

zifangdeshouxitanpandaibiaojieshidao：“jiuzaijintian，jituanfabuledisanjidudecaibao，shuihoulirunxiadiele63.7%，zhiyou15.8yiouyuanzuoyou，ruguoweichizheizhongzhuangtai，womenjiangwufajixutouzixinjishu。”

lirunmengdiezhixia，dazhongzaitanpanzhongtichulegengranggongrenshanghuodejianyi：quxiaolaoyuangongdezhangqifuwujiangjin。

genjudazhongyuyuangongdexieyi，gonglingman25niandeyuangongkehuodexiangdangyuyigeyuegongzi1.45 beijiangjin，35niangonglingzeshi2.9beiyuegongzidejiangjin，junweiyicixingshuiqianzhifu。

judazhonggonghuitongji，dazhongzaideguode12wanyuangongzhong，yueyou1wanminggongrenjijiangyinglaizijide25nianhuo35niangonglingjinianri。

11yue20ri，zailaozishuangfangdisanluntanpandeqianyitian，deguowujingonghuizhudongchuji，tichuleyixiang“kechixufangan”：“yijiangdilaodongchengben+huanfajiangjindefangshi，huanqugongzuogangweidebaozhang，nengweidazhongqichejiesheng15yiouyuan。”

gonghuicijuxiangdangyu“zuihoutongdie”，gongrenmenyuanyijianshaogongshigongkeshijian，ruguodazhongqichehaishizhiyiguanbigongchang、daliangcaiyuandehua，tamenjiangzai12yue1rifaqi“zheigeguojiajishinianlaicongweijianguodedaguimobagong”。

大众怎么了

2023nianhaishiweijuquanqiuxiaoliangdierdechuantongqichehaomen，duanduanyinian，dazhongheyizhici？

shouyaoyuanyinshiqizaizhongguoshichangdeshisu，dazhongmeinengweizhongguodiandongcheqidejueqizuohaozhunbei。

zhongguoshidazhongqichexiaoliangdezuidadanyishichang，zhanqizongxiaoliangde35%。

dazhongqichezaizhongguoyingdelemanzhangdehuangjinniandai，sishinianqiande1984nian10yue，zhongdeliangguozonglijianzhengledazhongzaizhongguodiyijiahezigongsishangqidazhongdedianji，dangshideguimoshinianchan3wanliangsangtana。

2019nian8yue，shangqidazhongdedi2100wanliangchexiaxian，chengweiguoneishoujialeijichanliangtupo2100wanliangdecheqi。ershangqizhiwai，dazhongyuyiqideheziqiyeyiqidazhong，gengzhangqishizhongguohaocheshichangdedandang。

sishinianlai，dazhongyizhizaizhongguoqicheshichangduzhanaotou，cong“zoubiantianxiadoubupa”desangtanadaogaodangdeaodi、baoshijie，shenshougejiecengxiaofeizhedexiai。

danzaizhongguoqichechanyekuaisudediandonghuajinchengzhixia，dazhongluohoutaiduole，jineryibubuconghuihuangdaoluomo。

jinnianqiansanjidu，dazhongzaizhongguoshichangzaoyule15nianlaishoucikuisun，zaihuaxiaoliang205.7wanliang，tongbixiahua10.2%；disanjiduxiaoliang71.2wanliang，tongbixiahua15%，bingyouciyinfaleyixiliejingyingweiji。

congchixulingxiandaoweihuoxiaquerzhan，dazhongzaidiandonghuazhuanxinghuanmandewentibuzhiyuqiyecengmian。

2020nian，shirendazhongceodisijiurenshidaolediandonghuadejinpo，bingchuanglileruanjiangongsicariad，zhuanmenweidiandongqichedazaocaozuoxitong。

dancariadbujinmeiyourangdazhongzaidiandonghuashangdakaishichang，yejihailianniankuisun，qiyuanyinyouer：

yishiyanfarenyuanyanzhongbuzu。

cariaddeyuangongzongshuzhiyou5qian-6qianren，shizhongweinengdadao1wanmingyanfarenyuandemubiao，fanguanyulai、xiaopeng、lixianghehuaweichebudengzhongguoxinnengyuanshili，yanfagongchengshideguimodoudadaodajiqiandao1wanduoren，jiugengbuyongshuoyanfarenyuanjin7wanrendebiyadile。

yudazhongguanchangcaiyuanxingchengxianmingduibideshi，biyadizuijin3geyuezhaole20wanren，gedajididouchuyumanchanzhuangtai，muqianyuangongzongshuchaoguole90wanren，yujinianneihuojiangchaoguoyibaiwanren。

ershidiandongchelinianluohou。

judemeibaodao，dazhongdiandongdeyanfarenyuanjihudoulaiziranyouchebeijing，wufarangyonghucongwaiguanhexingnengshangganzhidaodiandongcheyuranyouchedebutong，erzhongguodediandongcheqigengxiangshikejigongsi，yishejizhinengshoujidelinianshejiqiche，xunsuzhanjulepianaikejichanpindezhongguoxiaofeizhedexinzhi。

deguobohongqicheyanjiusuosuozhangdudenghefeierzhichu：

“zhangjiuyilai，dazhongzaideguozongbuyanfaleshiyongyuquanqiudeqiche，danzheizhongfangshirujinxingbutongle，kankanhuawei、baidushizenmecanyuzaochede，qicheyijingbuzaiyouqichezhizaoshangzhudaole，chunjixiedeshidaiyiranguoqu。”

dazhongxianrujingyingweijidelingyidayuanyin，shiouzhouqicheshichangdedimi。

jinnianyilai，oumengxinchexiaoliangtongbijiangfuda18.3%，shijinsanniandezuidishuiping，deguo、faguoheyidalidengzhuyaoshichangyedoushiliangweishudejiangfu，yuandiyuyiqingqiandeshuiping。

dazhongdefenxirenyuanrenwei，zaiweilaiyiduanshiqi，ouzhouqicheshichangzoudidequshibuhuigaibian，yuzhixiangguandegongzuogangweiyejiangsuizheoumeng2035nianjinshouranyouchedejihuaerjianshao。

deguoqichegongyexiehuidezhuanjiayuji，dao2035nian，deguoqichexingyedediandonghuazhuanxingkenengdaozhi18.6wangongzuogangweiliushi。

dazhong、deguoheouzhoudouzoudaoleqichezhuanxingdeshizilukou。

大众的“诺基亚时刻”

2013nian9yue，dianfengqishizhi2500yimeiyuandenuojiyayi72yimeiyuandebaicaijiabeiweiruanshougou，yidaishoujibazhujiujingzuocuoleshenme？

jintian，henduorendouzhidaonuojiyadaozailezhinengshoujishidaidemenkou，daozaileiphonedemianqian。

xianweirenzhideshi，zhinengshoujidepaizhaoshexiang、yinlebofangshenzhiappdenggainiandoushiyounuojiyalvxiantichude，tashujiushuzaimeinengbazheixiechaoqiandegongnengzuodaodazhonghua，yizhiyudangpingguobazheixiegongnengzuodaojizhi，shuqizijidepinpaixingxiangshi，nuojiyazuoshenmedouwanle。

cihou，renmenyong“nuojiyashike”laixingrongxinlaojutoudegengdiehuoshiyigexingyedegengti。

zicongyitesilaweidaibiaodediandongchehengkongchushi，tebieshizhongguochengweiquanqiudiandongchexingyedezhongxinyilai，“nuojiyashike”jiujingchangchuxianzaibaodaooumeihuoribenchuantongcheqidexinwenli。

yu“nuojiyashike”leisideshi，dazhongzaozai1972nianjiutuichuleshoukuandiandongchet2 elektro transporter，xuhanglicheng50-80gongli，liangchanle270liang，qibeijingshiweileyingduidangshidequanqiushiyouweiji。

danzaiqichexingyejinruzhinengshidaide21shiji20niandai，dazhongquebeiluozailehoumian，zheibingbushidazhongyijiadekunjing，meiguotongyong、ribenfengtiandouganshoudaolexinnengyuancheqijueqidailaideyali。

tongyongqicheceobolazaijinnian7yuejieshoucaifangshiganyan：“xianzai，zhiyoujishaoderennengzaizhongguoqicheshichangzhuandaoqian”。

weilebuchengweixiayigenuojiya，dazhongzhengzainulijiuzhengfanxiadecuowu。

首先是业务本地化。

muqian，dazhongzaihefeitouzi10yiouyuandeyanfazhongxinyijingkaishiyunying，zheilideqifenjiongyiyudeguozongbu，judazhongfuzezhongguoyewudedongshijieshao，hefeiyanfazhongxindemubiaozhiyouyige：“tigaosudu、jiangdichengben，hezhongguocheqizaitongyijiezoulijingzheng。”

diershihuigui“dazhong”。

chengliyishi，“dazhong”zheigemingzideyuyijiushirangmeigejiatingdounengmaideqi，dangshidexuanchuankouhaoshi：“ruguonixiangmaitaiche，neijiumeixingqicun5makeba。”

dazhongcengjingxiangyuleinuohezuo，tuichubuchaoguoliangwanouyuandediandongche，danliangjiazuizhongfendaoyangbiao。rujin，suizhebiyadihaioujihuayumingnianzaiouzhoutuichu，dazhongyexiadingjuexinduliyanfa2wanouyuanderumenjidiandongche，dingyu2027nianquanqiushoufa。

youpinglunrenwei，ruguodazhongzaoyibutuichuputongrennengfudandeqidediandongche，xianzaijiubuhuibeipocaiyuanshangwanren。

wangyangbulao，youweiwanyi，dazhongdemubiaoshi：2030nian，chengweizhongguoshichangpaimingqiansandeqichezhizaoshang。

duiyudazhonglaishuo，weilaidejinianbuhuiqingsong，yijingchaochededuishoumenhaizaibuduanjiamagongguyoushi，tabixuzhuazhuzheizuihouyijidejihui。

参考资料

[1]《大众汽车考虑关闭德国工厂以降低成本》华尔街日报

[2] VW will Jubil ums-Boni für Mitarbeiter streichen

[3] VW war in China an der Spitze – und verspielte die Führungsposition