jiemianxinwenjizhe | tianheqi

chixuliangzhoudedi29jielianheguoqihoubianhuadahui(cop29)zhongyuluoxialeweimu。

11yue24ri，jingguojiashitanpan，diyuefangdahuizhuximuhetaer·babayefu（mukhtar babayev）qiaoxiamuchui，xuanbutongguoyifenxindeqihouzijinjitilianghuamubiao(ncqg)caoan。

ciqianliangtian，lianheguoqihoufenghuizuzhizhecengfabuleyifenxieyicaoan，genjugaicaoan，meiguo、oumengheqitafuyuzhengfujiangdao2035nianmeinianxiangfazhanzhongguojiatigong2500yimeiyuandeqihouzijin，danzheiyishueyuanyuandiyujiaopinqiongguojiasuoyaoqiude1.3wanyimeiyuanyishangdeshue。

zijinwentiyizhishicop29huitandezhuyaozhenglunhuati。qixinmubiaoshitongguozijinbangzhujiaopinqiongdeguojiashixianjingjilvsefazhanbingyingduiquanqiubiannuandeyingxiang。

tanpanyuandingyu22rijieshu，dankaolvdaoshuangfangfenqirengranhenda，tanpanjinrulejiashisai。

通过的新草案内容共38条，其中，第7条-第10条为核心要点。内容包括，呼吁所有缔约方扩大公共和私人融资，到2035年前每年为发展中国家气候行动融资至少1.3万亿美元。

youfadaguojiadiyuefangdaitou，dao2035nianmeinianzhishaoweifazhanzhongguojiadiyuefangdeqihouxingdongtigong3000yimeiyuan（yuehe2.17wanyiyuanrenminbi）；gulifazhanzhongguojiadiyuefangzaiziyuandejichushangzuochugongxian，baokuotongguonannanhezuo；querenqianshuneirongbuyingxiangrenhediyuefangdefazhanhuoshouyuanzhediwei。

qihouzijinwentizuizaokezhuisudao2009niangebenhagenqihoudahui(cop15)。fadaguojiashoucichengnuojiangtigongzijinzhichiyibangzhufazhanzhongguojiayingduiqihoubianhua。zheicihuiyisuiranmeiyoudachengjuyoufalvyueshulidexieyi，danweihouxudezijinchengnuodiandinglejichu。

zai2010niandekankunqihoudahui(cop16)shang，fadaguojiazhengshixingchenglemeinianxiangfazhanzhongguojiatigong1000yimeiyuanzijinzhichidechengnuo。zheiyichengnuobeixierule《kankunxieyi》，bingbeichengwei“lvseqihoujijin”。

2015nian《balixieding》zhongshenlefadaguojiameiniantigong1000yimeiyuanzijindemubiao，bingqiangdiaolezheiyizijinzhichidezhongyaoxing。xiedingzhongtidao，zheiyimubiaojiangzhishaochixudao2025nian，bingzaigainianzhihoushedingyigexindemubiao。

联合国气候变化执行秘书西蒙·斯蒂尔(Simon Stiell)biaoshi，zaiqihouyingxiangriyiehua、geguomianlinyanjuntiaozhandebeijingxia，zheixiangxinderongzimubiaoshirenleidebaoxianzhengce。danjiuxiangrenhebaoxianzhengceyiyang，zhiyouanshizuejiaonabaofei，tacaihuiyouxiao。bixuxinshouchengnuo，baohushushiyirendeshengming。

“tajiangshiqingjienengyuanfanrongfazhan，bangzhusuoyouguojiafenxiangqijudadeliyi：gengduodejiuyejihui、gengqiangjingdezengzhang、gengbianyi、gengqingjiedenengyuan。”sidiershuo。

“3000yimeiyuandemubiaobingbugou，danzheishimaixianggenganquan、genggongpingweilaidezhongyaoshouqifukuan，”shijieziyuanyanjiusuosuozhangani·dasiguputa(ani dasgupta)biaoshi。

谈判过程极为艰难，最后达成的融资协议也均在巨大分歧，尤其是发展中国家对此表达了强烈的不满。

yindudaibiaoqiangliebianchizheiyixindeqihourongzimubiao，chengzheibizijin “weibuzudao”，bingqiangdiaozhichu，“womenxiwangfadaguojiayougenggaodebaofu。zuizhongshangdingdeshuebingbunengrangrenmenxiangxinwomenjiangbaituoqihoubianhuazheiyiyanzhongwenti。”

yiweidaibiaozhuduoxiaodaoyuguojiadedaibiaoshuo：“womenbunengzaiqihoubianhuadahuijieshuhou，jiuhaoxiangshenmeshidoumeiyoufashengyiyangyangfanyuanhang。womendeguojiashijishangzhengzaichenmei”，huiyijieguoshuoming，“womenzheixiecuiruoguojiagenfadaguojiagenbenbuzaitongyitiaochuanshang”。

sailaliangdaibiaobiaoshi，feizhouguojiaduizheiyijieguogandaoshiwang，zhei“biaomingfadaguojiaquefashanyi”。shishishang，3000yimeiyuan“haibudaokexuebiaomingsuoxujinedesifenzhiyi，jihubuzuyizuzhiqihouzainan”。

yucitongshi，niriliyateshienjiluka·maduaikewei (nkiruka maduekwe) jianggaixieyimiaoshuwei“wuru”。

zhongguodaibiaotuantuanzhang、shengtaihuanjingbufubuzhangzhaoyingminzaibimuhuishangfayanbiaoshi，huiyidachengdexindeqihourongzijitilianghuamubiao(ncqg)chengguowenjianzhong，fadaguojiadezijinchengnuoyuanyuanweinengmanzufazhanzhongguojiadexuyao，fadaguojiadezijinyiwubixujinyibumingque。

zhaoyingmincheng，zhongfanghuyugefangjianchiduobianzhuyi，anzhao“gongtongdanyouqubiedezeren”yuanze，zai《balixieding》jichushangquebaoxingdongbudaotui。

tajinyibubiaoshi，zhongguozuoweifuzerendefazhanzhongdaguo，wulunguojixingshiruhebianhuan，jiangshizhongjiandingyugefangyidao，tuidongqihoubianhuaduobianjinchengheguojihezuo。zhongguojiangjixushishijijiyingduiqihoubianhuaguojiazhanlve，luoshitandafeng、tanzhonghemubiao，guangfankaizhanqihoubianhuanannanhezuo，weiquanqiulvseditan、qihourenxinghekechixufazhanzuochugongxian。

ciwai，bencicop29zuiweituchudechengjiuzhiyi，zaizuihoutongguole《balixieding》6.2tiao、6.4tiaodexiangguanxize，jiuquanqiutanshichangdezhidingdachenglexiangguanxieyi。

《balixieding》shi《lianheguoqihoubianhuakuangjiagongyue》(unfccc)xiadeyixiangguojitiaoyue，yu2015nian12yue12rizaicop21shangtongguo，bingyu2016nian11yue4rizhengshishengxiao。

gaixiedingzhizaijiaqiangquanqiuyingduiqihoubianhuadexingdong，mubiaoshijiangquanqiupingjunqiwenshengfukongzhizaiyuandiyu2sheshidu，nulixianzhizai1.5sheshiduyinei，yibimianqihoubianhuadailaidezuiyanzhongyingxiang。

《balixieding》diliutiaoxiashelianggeshichangjizhi，fenbieweidi6.2tiaodehezuofangfahedi6.4tiaojizhi，yicujingediyuefangjinyibutigaojianpailiduheyigengdidechengbenshixianquanqiuzongtijianpaimubiao。

jutilaikan，di6.2tiaoyunxugeguotongguoshuangbian、duobianshenzhidanbianxieyijiaoyijianpailiangheqingchuliang。zheixiejiaoyidetanxinyongebeichengweiguojizhuanyijianhuanchengguo (itmo)。yigexinyongeduxiangdangyufangzhihuoxiaochu1dunwenshiqitipaifangdeeryanghuatan。

di6.4tiaojiangchuangjianyigeyoulianheguoshitijiandudequanqiutanshichang。zheigejiandushitiyebeichengweidi6.4tiaojiandujigou(sbm)。shichangtouruyunyinghou，xiangmukaifashangjiangxiangjiandujigoushenqingzhuceqixiangmu。

tongshi，xiangmubixudedaoshishiguohejiandujigoudepizhun，cainengkaishifafanglianheguorenkedetanxinyonge。zheixiexinyongebeichengweidi6.4tiaojianpailianghuoa6.4er，keyiyouguojia、gongsishenzhigerengoumai。

guanyuguoyuguozhijiandejiaoyi(di6.2tiao)，cop29dejuedingmingquelegeguojiangruheshouquantanxinyongjiaoyiyijigenzongzheiyijiaoyidedengjichujiangruheyunzuo。zaidicop29dahuizhaokaidiyitian，geguojiulianheguoxiashuquanqiutanshichangdebiaozhundachengyizhi(di 6.4tiaojizhi)。zheiyeyiweizhefazhanzhongguojiajiangcongxindezijinliuzhongshouyi。

tongshi，dahuijiuluoshi《lianheguoqihoubianhuakuangjiagongyue》《jingdouyidingshu》《balixieding》gongdachengle20duoxiangjueding，dachengmingwei“bakuqihoutuanjieqiyue（baku climate unity pact）”deyilanzipinghengchengguo。