文 | 表外表里 陈梓洁

编辑 | 曹宾玲

jinriyouwaimeibaoliao，pingguozhengjinjiyu40duojiayindugongsitanpan，xiwangkuochongdangdigongyinglian，yiyingduitelangpushangtaijijiangyinbaodeguanshuizhadan。

xiaoxiyichu，lijizhaolaiyulunfengbao。

ciqian，yindushengchandeiphonewaiqiaozhiyou50%lianglv，yijingrangrenmendui“yinduzhizao”chanshengleyoulv，9yuepingguoyindugongchangdeyichangshihuo，jihuzuoshilewaijiedehuaiyi，meixiangdaokukerengyaojiamayindu。

kuaguogongsimenmingmingdoushi“qianniandelaohuli”，quehaosizhongleyindumihunshu，gegewufaziba。

fushikangweileyindu，buxiyuzhongwenhulianwangweidi，shenzhitouzi195yimeiyuandebandaotigongsidoubeipogongshourangrenle，yiranyangyanyaozhuijiazaiyindudetouzi。

hanguogangtiejutoupuxiangquyindujianchang，shijinianzhulandashuiyichangkong，yebukensixin，zhenggaodiaozhongfanyindu。

guoquqinian，you2700duojiakuaguogongsicongyinducheli，danyinduhaishizhishoukeredexiangbobo，lianyindushangwuhegongyebuzhangdourenbuzhugongkaixuanyao：“womenxianzaishiquanshijiexianmudeduixiang，quanshijiedouxiangheyinduzuoshengyi。”

yindudaodiyoushenmemoli，xiyinwaiziqianfuhouji？

一、拿中国的产品，骗欧美的投资

zailidiyanli，yinduxiyinwaizideshouduan，yongyijuhuagaikuojiushi“chengsidandade”。

tazaihuagongxingye，zhuyaojinongyao、yiyaogongsitigongjichuyuanliao，mianbuleyaogen“shijieyaofang”yindudajiaodao，ruxingjiedaodediyibizixun，jiulaiziyindugongsi。

“womenyouyibidadingdan”“qingtigongchanpinderongjiqingdan、gongyilujing……”“ruguowomenmai300dun、500dun、1000dun，zhekoufenbienengjiduoshao？”

youjideshoudaoyoujianhou，lidijidongdeshuibuzhe，xieleyizhengyehuifu，jiudengdadanzaxialai。

raner，yangpinjichuquzhihou，yuanlaiyitiancuitahaojibiandekehu，turanjiumeileyinxun，wuluntaruhezhuizong，doushichendahai。

zaiciyujianneijiagongsi，yijingshizaiciniandeyinduxinwenshang——zijijichuqudetongkuanchanpin，bujinbeiguanxuanlixiangle，haishihekuaguodayaoqidehezuo！

“zheibujiushibaipiaowomendeyangpin，naoumei、ribendedingdanma？”gandejiule，lidizhujianyishidaoneixiebuwenzhilianghaohuai、yimenxinsitaoquziliaodekehu，doushixiang“jiejishengdan”deyinduren。

dantamenyezhinengyanzhengzhengkanzheduifangqiangzoudangao，bijingyinduhuagongxingyebenshenyoufenghoudediyun，yinduzhengfuyouduixuduowurandadexinwuzhifangsongleguanzhi，dangdirenlichengbenyedilian，guojiyaoqihennanjujuezheiyangdeshiyanjidi。

“buguanyoumeiyoushengchannengli，yindurendouhuiqianfangbaijixiangenkuaguogongsibaheyueqianxialai。”lidishuo，xifangrenhenyouqiyuejingshen，yidandachenghezuo，qingyibuhuifanhui。

lididuiyindurendetaoluchizhiyibi，dantayetanyan，zhendegongpingjingzhengzuihoukenenghaishirenjiaying：“yindujingyingjiecengzaishijiegegelingyudanggaoguan，shenanxifangwenhuasiwei，tamenhuizuozuipiaoliangdeshujubaobiaoheppt。”

tajuli，2016nianmengmaidaxueliangweijingjixuejiaoshoufabuleyifenbaogao：yinduyou6yixinzhongchanjieji，zhandangshiyindurenkoudeyiban，zuzushizhongguode6bei，danzheilimianbaokuolemujiang、jietouxiaofanhesiji。

yinduguanfangshujuxiangduishoulian，zhiyou1-3yiren，danyeshi“zijidingyidezhongchan”，anjinghezuzhidebiaozhunjisuan，yinduzhongchanjin6600wan。

“henduorennazheidangxiaohuakan。”lidiquejide，neiduanshijianmanshijiededameiti、dajigoudouzaitaolunyindu，erduishengyirenlaishuo，6600wanzhongchanjiuyijingzugouyouyouhuolile。

wangjuncenggongzhiyuyijiaxiangbaopinpai，shinianqianquyindukaochashi，tashouyaoquleyichanghunli，beixinniangdejiazhuangxiyinzhule：chulejiadian、jiajudeng“dajian”，haiyouqibagesaidemanmandangdangdexinglixiang。

“yindunanshaonvduo，nvxingdejiazhuangduo，zaifujiaderizijiuhuihaoguoyixie。”jutalejie，yindudanfanyoudiannenglidejiating，peijiazhishaodouyousansigexinglixiang。

zheirangwangjunkandaoleyindushichangdeqianli，tarenweisuizheyindurenmanmanfuyuqilai，lvyou、shangwuchuxingdengxuqiuyehuizhujianzengjia，weilaigoumailijiangburongxiaoqu。

genghekuang，yindusuiranshi“qiongguo”，fuhaoqueshichulemingdeduo，fuwengshuliangweijushijieqianlie，“bieshuoxinglixiang，shouji、qicheshenzhishechipindouyouxiangxiangdekongjian。”

zheibingfeiwangjundeyice，2014nianxiaomijinjunyindushi，2wantaishoujijinyong2.4miaobianzaidangdidianshangpingtaifilpkartshangshouqing，honglizhidakejianyiban。

zaijiashangmodizhengfu“yinduzhizao”zhanlvedemaililongluo，quanshijiedewaishangkaishizhengxiankonghouyongruyindu，dao2020nian，waishangduiyinzhijietouzijihufanleyibei。

dantajinyindu，zhengshibuxingdekaishi。

二、高种姓工程师不会动手，低种姓工人不会动脑

changfangdeyijiao，10duogeyindugongrenxidierzuo，yishangwuchulefadaishayemeigan。

anzhongguanchaxujiudelinyashizaibiebuzhuhaoqi，yidatancaizhidao，zheixiegongrenqishiqingchujintianderenwushichaichushebeidewaiqiao，danyindugongchengshimeishuojutizenmechai，suoyidoudengzhegongchengshihuilaixiangbanfa、xiamingling。

linyajingdaile，zaiguonei，meibiyedeshixishengchaizheishebeigenchailegaoyiyang；youjingyandegongren，meiyoutuzhiyenengzai1tianneiyuanfengbudongzhuanghuiqu。

tongshiquezaoyijianguaibuguai，tagaosulinya：“yindudizhongxingdegongren，zuoshidoubuhuidongnaozi。”

zaizhongxingqishigenshendigudeyindu，dizhongxingrenqunbeirenweitianshenglanduo、meiyoutianfu，zhijinrengzhinengganzuizang、zuileidekulihuo，yehenshaoshoujiaoyudejihui。“qianbainianxialai，tamenjiubeixianzhisile，sangshileyidingdesikaonengli。”linyashuo。

ergaozhongxingderenxiguanlefahaoshiling，yebuhuidongshouganhuo。tajingchangkandaozheiyangyimu：1gegongrenguizaidishangputuzhi，jigeyindugongchengshizhanzheweichengyiquan，niyijuwoyiju，taolunwanjiuzuoniaoshousan，genbenbuguangongrenyoumeiyoutingdong、houmianzuoderuhe。

“biezhiwangrenjiagengongrenyiqigongzuo，duoshuoyijutamendoujuedeyourushenfen。”tawunaidao，gongchengshimenzuijijideshike，jiushimeitianshangwushidianzhunshiquheyibeiyindunaicha，pinweiyinglunguizuyifeng。

zheidaozhiyizhouhou，linyajieshuyinduchuchafanchengle，neigeshebeihaimeiyouchaiwan。

liucongzaiquyindujianchangqian，jiutingdaolebushaoleisidegushi，tateyitiaoxuanle6ge“zhongziyuangong”huiguopeixun，yifan“zhongguoshigaizao”hou，zheipiyuangongshenshangshaoleyindurendezifu、landuo，tianlexieyanjin、qianxu。

raneryouyitian，tamenqueturanjititilelizhi。

“niburangwomenzou，jiushiqishiwomen！”dianhuali，yinduyuangongyifentianyingdikongsu，liuconggezhepingmudouganshoudaoletamendeyuanqi。

dantagengnaohuo，zhengzaigandezheipihuoshijixinkehushishuide，zuohaolehoumiandingdanbukeguliang，changlizaozaojiufalejiabangangongdetongzhi，gaijideqianyechengnuohuijidaowei，meixiangdaoyuangonghaishizhengchuleyaoezi。

“tamensihuoyaoqucanjiayigeyindujiaojieridejibaihuodong。”liucongqishiyuanyifangjia，naiheyuangongmenbushiqingyiliangtian，shitiqianzou、tuohouhui，wutiandoudabuzhu。

dantazuihouhaishituoxiele：“nibudaying，tamenjiunaobagong、zhaogonghuizhicaini，qingzhefayibijukuan，zhongzhedazagongchang，rangnibudeansheng。”

zheiyangdeqingkuangbushigeli，yinduyiniandezhoumogongxiujiajierigongyou120tianzhiduo，quannianjinsanfenzhiyideshijian，liucongdegongchangdoushizuobumande。

eryonggongwentiyezhishiyindujianchangnantizhongdebingshanyijiao，liucongbaizhezhitoushu，yitiantingdiansansici、fangzukuaiganshangguoneiyixianshuiping、jiaotongyunshufeigaodaolipu、peijianyaocongzhongguojinkou……linlinzongzongsuanxialai，zaiyindujianchangchengleyibikuiqianmaimai。

lidiyefaxianshuohaoyaobadingdanjiyindugongchangdekuaguoyaoqi，zuihouyoubaxuqiutoufangdaolezijishoushang。

“sangeshuo3niantouchan，henkenengshi3nianyou3nian。”takaiwanxiaodao，yindurenyexinboboxiangqudaitamen，danzongshigezhongdiaolianzi，daoyuedingriqizhichanchuleyiduizazhihenduodecancipin。

danshuoxiaoguishuoxiao，tahaishihenjidanyindurende，“biekanyinduxianzaixiaohuabuduan，tajuebushifubuqideadou。”

三、开一个超市办40个证，交近百倍的“保护费”

yigexinwuzhibeifaxian，zaizhongguohezaiyindu，kenenghuimianlin2zhongjieranbutongdemingyun。

liditucao，guoneiyouyijiazhangwolexinjishu，xueyuanmashanghuibeiqitagongsiyigenggaodejiaqianwazou，ranhoufuzhitongyangdechanneng，zhidaoshichangtongzhihuaweizhi。

erzaiyindu，jishishihenxiaodexifenlingyu，douhuiyouxiangguandelianmeng、xiehui，gejiazaitedinglingyulizuozijishanzhangdeshiqing，bicizhijianmoqidibuqiangshengyi。

bujinmingquefengong，zheixielianmenghaixiangyitiaotiaoshenjing，baxingyedebianhua、xuqiushusongji“danao”，yikuaisuhuoquzhengcezhichi，tameigebujiujiunengtingdaoyinduneibianchutaixinguidexiaoxi。

zheiyangdetuanjie、xiaolvranglidijingtan：“3nian5nianzuobuchengshi，10nian20nianshuobudingjiuzuochengle。”

danwangjunquejuede，yindupangdadezhengshangtixi，shimitang，gengshipishuang。

zaihuojia、chuchuangzhangtieguanggaoxuyaodandudexukezheng，lianzaidianneifangyinledouyaoxukezheng……zheixietingqilaifeiyisuosideshiqing，zaiyinduqueshixisongpingchang。

dangniantaqukaochashijiufaxian，yijiachuantongchaoshiruoxiangzaiyinduchenggongkaiye，zhishaoxuyao40duozhongxukezheng，meinayigezhengdoudediaoyicengpi。

tadeyiweitongxingquyindubanchang，caiyongdehuanbaojishushifenxianjin，gexiangzhibiaodouyuanchaoguojibiaozhun，danzhixingdeguanyuanzongnengzhaodaomoxuyoudeliyoutiaoci。

“shuodaodi，zheixieyindurenjiushixiangyaoqian。”wangjunshuo，neiweitongxingzuizhongjiaonale50wanlubi（yue4.2wanyuan）de“baohufei”，shiguanfangbanlifeijinbaibei。

zheizhongqingkuangzhijinrengranweinenggaishan，qianduanshijiantahaikandaoxinwen，yinduyigegaojihuanjinggongchengshi，guangtanwudexianjinjiugaoda23yi（yue1951wanyuan）lubi，zhibipumanlezhenggefangjian，“zheikeshizaiyindudejiaqian”。

shenzhiyijiaqiyehaihuizaoshoushuangzhongpanbo，ruhanguopuxianggangtiezouwandifangliucheng，youbeiyinduzhongyangzhengfufaleyibijukuan。

“yinweiyinduzhishidilishangdeshuofa，neilishisanzhuangde。”wangjunjieshao，yinduyou6zhongzongjiaoxinyang、10gezhuyaominzu、22zhongyuyan，28gebanggeguogederizi，youxiedifangfashenzhiheyinduxianfadoushichongtude，waishangdechuchudatongguancaixing。

dangran，yinduzhengfuyeyouheyanyuesedeshihou，jinqiqijiuxianghuawei、dajiangdenggaojingjiankejiqiyehanhua，reliehuanyingfuyintouzi！yinduyijingchenglilezhuanmenkuabumengongzuoxiaozu，bingtuichuleyixilieshuishouyouhuicuoshi。

“qulekenenghuimianlingenghendudeshouge。”wangjunshuo。

dangnianxiaomi、ovjinjunyindushi，modiyuleijun“qinruxiongdi”banheying，dalaomengegedoushizhengfudezuoshangbin。kedengchangshangmenchangdaoleyindushichangtiantou，yindujiujichuguanshuidabang、zhengcedaya，bizhequjianchang。

yinduhairufapaozhi，yibubuyinrulezhenggeshoujichanye，yiyuechengweilejinciyuzhongguodeshijiedierdashoujizhizaoguo。

erbeiyinrudegongsi，dengdaodebushiyijishuhuanshichang，shizijinbeidongjie、gongsijijiangbeiyinducaituanshougoudexiaoxi。

“modisuotuixingdejingjigaige，qishijiushiyucaifajinxingdeliyijiaohuan。”zheishiwangjunkanxinwenzongjiechulaide，zaijinnianmeiguodaxuanzhiqian，yinduxuanjushishijieshangzuishaoqiandedaxuan，“zhiyoucaituandezhengzhixianjincainengchengdeqi。”

jiyuci，buzhizhongguoshoujiqiye，oumeirihandecheqi、yaoqideng，xuduodoubeiyinducaituanzhailetaozi。

“yinduzhengqianyinduhua，yifenbiexiangdaihuijia。”wangjundiaokan，xianzaixuduozhongguoqiyedouduiyindutigaolejingti。

danhaiwaigongsijiumeineimeqingsongle，zhengrupingguoyiyang，“zaiboguiyunjuedeguojihuanjingli，chuleyindu，haiyouduoshaoguojianengfensanfengxianni？”

（文中人物均为化名）

参考资料：

1、现代天庭：《一位中国工程师眼里的印度工厂》

2、The Economic Times：《How the middle class will play the hero in India's rise as world power》

3、毛克疾：《印度“阶段制造业促进项目”：新版“进口替代”政策？》