wen | yilanshangye mengjiayi 

编辑 | 木鱼

11yue27ri，woermazhongguozongcaijianceozhuxiaojingfabuneibuxin，chengshanmuzongcaijiwoermazhongguofuceowenandexuanzezhengshituixiu，tazaiwoermazhongguoheshanmudezhiyeshengyajiangyu2025nian1yue31rihuashangjuhao。

wenandejiaruwoerma12nian，congyikaishijiushishanmudezuigaolingdaocengzhiyi。yeshizaitadelingdaoxia，shanmuzhichengqiwoermazhongguo2/3deyejizhanbibingdadaolishidingfeng。2023nian，shanmuhuiyuandiangongxianle800yiyishangdeshouru，2025cainiandisancaiji，shanmuzaizhongguodehuiyuanshouruzengzhangle30%yishang。muqian，yikaiyedeshanmuhuiyuandianmendianshuliangdadao51jia。

congmuqiandefazhantaishikan，shanmuzaiguoneidefazhanqushishileguanqiezhideqidaide。

dangran，cong2019niankaishi，cangchuhuiyuandianzheiyiyetaijiubiande“renao”qilai。2019nian，kaishikecostcojinruzhongguo；2020nian，bentulingshoushanghemazuixiangenjin，tuichuhemaxhuiyuandian；2021nian，fudicangchuhuiyuandianzaibeijingkaichushoudian，tongnian，yuanbenyibduanyewuweizhudemaidelongyejinrulecduanhuiyuandiansaidao，bingqiebiaodaleyaojiangzhongguoshichang100jiamendianquanbugaizaoweihuiyuandiandejihua；2023nian，lingshouxingye“laowanjia”darunfayexiachang，liankai2jiamhuiyuandian。chuciyiwai，dongfangzhenxuan、laiyifendengkuajiewanjiayedouxianhouruchangbodou。

zuoweizuizaojinruzhongguoshichangdecangchuhuiyuanchaoshi，shanmuzongbeihoulaizhedangzuocanzhaowu，beixuexi，beiduibiao。neime，zailijingjinian“hunzhan”hou，zheixiecangchuhuiyuandianrujindoufazhandezenmeyangle？

山姆一骑绝尘，国产仓储会员店陷入停滞

cangchuhuiyuandianzaizhongguodediyibo“rechao”xingqiyu20shiji90niandai。

1995nian，maidelongzhengshijinruzhongguo，chengweidiyijiahuodezhongguozhengfupizhunzaizhongguojianliliansuochaoshideheziqiye，zhuyaomianxiangbduanyonghu；1996nian，shanmuhuiyuandianshoujiamendianluodishenzhen；1997nian，puersimatezaibeijinghaidianquxueqinglukaichulediyijiahuiyuanzhishangchao，jipuersimate1haodian。

jinruxinshijihou，cangchuhuiyuandianzheiyiyetaizaizhongguobingmeiyoujinrusuoqidaidebaofaqi，ershiyinglaileyejixiahua、buduanguandiandejumian。xianshibentudepumazai2004nianjinxingdamianjideguandian，2005nianzezhijieyinzijinlianduanlieerdaobi；qicishishanmu，youyumeiyouzugouduodehuiyuanzhichengyunying，jiangkunming、zhangchundeshanmuhuiyuandiangaiweiwoermayetai。tongyishiqi，zhongguokaichushubaijiadamaichang。

zici，cangchuhuiyuandianzaizhongguoshichangjinrule“bingheqi”，zhidao2019nian，caibeikaituozhongguodalushichangdekaishikedapo。yezhengshizheiyijieduan，zaidianshang、shequtuangouyijiyiqingdengchongjixia，chuantongshangchaoqiyeyejixiahuamingxian。yinci，bushaolingshouqiyekaishixunqiuxindezengzhangdian，cangchuhuiyuandiandefazhanyejiyixielingshouqiyedailaifangxiang。

yushi，cangchuhuiyuandiandedierbo“rechao”xingqi，bingzai2021nianyinglaidabaofa。zheiyinian，chushanmu、costcodengwaiziqiyejiasukuozhangwai，baokuoyonghuichaoshi、fudi、jiajiayue、jialefudengduojiabentushitilingshouqiyeyefenfenruju。juyilanshangyebuwanquantongji，cong2021niandao2022nian3yuedi，quanguoxinkaiyecangchudianchaoguo100jia。

zai“dahunzhan”shiqidecangchuhuiyuandian，zhuyaobeifenweisangezhenying。

yishiyishanmu、costcoweizhudewaizilaopaiqiye，qiyizaicangchuhuiyuandiandesaidaogengyunduonian，zaoyixingchengkuodianmoxing，jinruguimohuafazhandejieduan，kaishidaguimozhandian。shanmuhuiyuandianzai2022niankaichu6jiaxinmendian，qiebaochizheiyisuduzhandian，xiancunmendianshuliangda51jia；kaishikezai2023niankaichu3jiaxinmendian，xiancunmendianshuliangwei7jia。

zheixielaowanjiayebeiyejieshiweihuiyuandiandeyangban，qihuiyuanshuliangheyejibiaoxianjunchuyutoubutidui。jushangyeguanchajiabaodao，jiezhi2024nian11yuezhong，shanmuhuiyuandian2024nianlaidexiaoshouedadao906yiyuan，ruguoquchuquanqiugouyewu，shanmuzhongguoxiaoshouzai850yiyuanzuoyou，huiyuanshuzai860wanzuoyou；2023nian，kaishikezhongguodexiaoshouewei55yiyuan。

ershiyichuantongdamaichangzhuanxingerlaideshangchaoqiye，ruyonghui、jialefu、beijinghualian，zheixieqiyezhishijiangdamaichangjinxingjiandangaizao，biankaiyechengweiyijia“cangchuhuiyuandian”le，suiranrujuwan，dankuozhangjiqixunsu。ruyonghuicangchuhuiyuanchaoshi，zai10geyuedeshijianneixunsugaizaokaichu55jiamendian；jialefuzaiyinianshijianneixunsudiedai，kaichujialefuhuiyuandian2.0banben。

erqie，renrenle、yonghui、beiguocangchuchaoshihaituichulebushouhuiyuanfei，fuwusuoyougukedemoshi，yemeiyoudabaozhuanghuoliangfanshishoumaifangshi，zhishigaibianlemendianzhaopaihezhuanghuang，neibujihuhaowubianhua。

zheizhongfuyandetaidu，shidedaliangzhuanxingerlaidecangchudianxunsuxiaoshengniji：2023nian，jialefu、beijinghualian、jiajiayue、beiguochaoshiguanbileqixiadecangchudian；yonghuizai2023nianbannianduyejishuominghuishangbiaoshi，qicangchudianshuliangwei44jia，qieduanqineibuhuijixukuodamendianguimo，cihou，gaiyetaibianbuzaibeiyonghuitiqi。

zaizheiyizhangchuandezhuanxingmingdanzhong，zuodebijiaohaodezhiyoumhuiyuandian。suiranrujuwan，danyijingxingchengzijidemoxing，bingyujinniankuaisuzhandian，xiancun7jiamendian。tongshi，gaoxinlingshou2025cainianbannianbaoxianshi，mhuiyuandiandehuiyuanshuda36wan——shuyu“quancundexiwang”。

sanshiyihemaxhuiyuan、fudiweidaibiaodebentuxinshiliwanjia，zaixuexiyuchuangxinnenglishangyouyuqitawanjia，erqiebeihouyouxionghoudezibenjiachi，zaidingxia“chao、cao、chao”，jixuexiyewumoshi、xuehuicaozuoliucheng、zuihouchaoguotademubiaohou，henkuaigoujianlechayihuayunyingmoshi，chuangxinbianshitamenjingonghuiyuanzhide“mao”。

hemaxhuiyuandianzairuju3nianhouxunsukuozhangzhi10jiamendian，juxinlingshoucankaobaodao，hemaxhuiyuanshuliangzai2022nianjiuyitupo300wan；fudizairuju2nianhoukuozhangzhi4jiamendian，bingjihuazouchubeijing，jinxingquanguotuozhan。

zongtilaikan，suirancangchuhuiyuandiansaidaojiruguoduogelingshoujutou，danmuqiannengpaideshanghaodepinpaibingbuduo，zhuyaoshishanmu、kaishike、hemaxhuiyuandian、mhuiyuandian、fudi、maidelongzheijijia。juyilanshangyebuwanquantongji，jiezhi2024nian12yue，woguozhishaoyou82jiacangchuhuiyuandian，shanmumendianshuliangzuiduo，zhanjuquanguomendianzongshuda62.20%；hemaxhuiyuandianmendianshuliangpaimingdier，you8jiamendian；mhuiyuandianhekaishikekaile7jiamendian。

jingguoduibi，bunanfaxian，bulunshimendianshuliang，haishihuiyuanshuliang，yihuohuiyuanchuangzaodeyingshou，jihusuoyoufangmian，shanmudoushimeiyouzhengyide“diyiming”，qiejuyouyadaoxingdeyoushi。

erqie，shanmuzaijianjichoukaidemendianshuliangyijingda22jia，dantongxingmenyaomexianrutingzhi，yaomekaishi“daoche”：jinnianyilai，fudiweikaichurenheyijiamendian；hemaxhuiyuandianguanbi2jiamendian；maidelongduojiamendianxuanbu“bidiangaizao”，danzhijinweinenggaizaowancheng。mhuiyuandianjinniankaichu5jiaxindian，danyouyumugongsigaoxinlingshouhaiweichulihao“maishen”shiyi，duanqineikenengbuhuidaguimokuodian。

zheimeduonianguoqu，weishenmezheixietiaozhanzhedoumeinengmodaoshanmude“weiba”？

国产仓储会员店“病”在哪里？

yibanlaijiang，cangchuhuiyuandiandehuiyuanfuwuzhuyaobaokuoshangpinhefuwu，yejiushishangpinjingxuan、jiageyouyoushi、fuwudaoweideyisi。danzheixieguochancangchuhuiyuandian，henduodoumeiyouzuodaozheisandian。

shouxian，juedabufenguochancangchuhuiyuandianyijiushichaoshisiwei，shuoshi“cangchuhuiyuandian”，danneiheyijiushidamaichang。

jutilaikan，bushaobentucangchuhuiyuandianpinpaishizaiyuanlaidamaichangdejichushanggaizaoercheng，zhishijiangdianneidechenliehuojiabianchengcangchuhuiyuandiandedaxinghuojia；zaiguanlituanduishang，yeyudamaichangshiyongtongyitaobanzi，lianggetixibingmeiyouduliyunying；zaishangpinshang，rengshiyongyuanlaijingyingdamaichangshidegongyinglian，xiaoshoudeshangpinbingmeiyoutaidadebianhua，zhishiyouyuanlaidedangeshangpinlingshoubianchengdabaozhuanglingshou，qiejuyouchayihuadeshangpinhenshao，neime，ruguoxiaofeizhezainalidoukeyimaidaodehua，pingshenmehaiyaojiaoqianlainijiamaini？

qici，zuoweichaoshi，shangpinjingzhengcaishizhichengqihuiyuandiandegenben，danguochancangchuhuiyuandianshangpintongzhihuayanzhong。juyilanshangyetongji，ziyoushangpinzhanbizuigaodeshihemaxhuiyuanhemaidelongplushuiyuandian，junwei40%zuoyou，ershanmuhuiyuandian、kaishike、mhuiyuandianziyoupinpaishangpinxiaoshouzhanbizai30%zuoyou。

jinguanguochancangchuhuiyuandianzaiziyoushangpinzhanbishangbingbuxunse，danqizhongbufa“mofang”zhizuo。yixieershunengxiangdeshanmumingxingchanpin，ruruishijuan、qingningzhi、mashudeng，doukeyizaiqitajijiaguochancangchuhuiyuandianzhongzhaodao，chulejiagebutong，jihuhaowuqubie。

2023nianniandi，hemayushanmuyintongzhihuawentikaishi“zhenfengxiangdui”。hematuichu“yishanjia”，jiangbufenyushanmuduibiaodebaokuanshangpinjiagedafuxiadiao，shuangfangjilunjiaofenghou，meituanmaicaiyejichu“bahejia”jiaruzhanchang。xianeryijian，zheizhongtongzhihuaxianxiangyijingcongcangchuhuiyuandianwaiyichulai，manyanzhiputongshangchaozhong。

erzaochengtongzhihuadeyuanyin，shiguochancangchuhuiyuandiandegongyingliannenglicunzaimingxianduanban。zhongguobingfeiquefayouxiugongyingshang，zhishizheixiegongyingshangdaduobeishanmusuoxiyinbingqiangzhan。

yilanshangyelejiedao，shanmuzhiliyudazaoyizhonggaoyushichangbiaozhunde“shanmubiaozhun”，zunxunshanmubiaozhunshengchandechanpin，shanmuhuishixingquanmian“baoxiao”celve，jiyugongyingshangjudadecaigoutiliang，youshidangechanpinjikeshixianyiyuanjixiaoshoue，weigongyingshangdailaifenghouhuibao。

danruowaicaipinpaiweinengdabiao，neishanmuhuizijishelixindeshangpinbiaozhun，zhaodaoyouyanfanenglidegongyingshang，gongtongkaifayikuanwanquanyiyishangde“shanmubiaozhun”dexinshangpin。dangran，zheibufenshangpindekaifazhouqiwangwangjiaoweimanzhang，duanze6geyue，zhangze3～5nian。danjiusuanruci，yijiuyoudalianggongyingshang“nazheaidehaomapai”。

conggongyingshangjiaodukan，zaiguoneishichang，shouxianyumendianguimohehuiyuanguimo，qitacangchuhuiyuandiandecaigouliangnanyiyushanmuxiangpimei，jincongyinglimudechufa，shanmuhuiyuandianwuyigengjuxiyinli。tongshi，shanmuzaixiaofeizhexinzhongshulile“pinzhizhuoyue”dexingxiang，gongyingshangnenggouweishanmugonghuo，yejiuyiweizheyoulebeishu。

yinci，zaimianduishanmuheqitacangchuhuiyuandianpinpaidexuanzeshi，gongyingshanggengqingxiangyuyouxianyushanmuhezuo，zheiyejinyibuzengqiangleshanmudexiyinli，jinerxingchengyigexunhuan：xiaofeizhegengyuanyixuanzeshanmu，shangpinxiaoshouegenggao，gongyingshanggengyuanyiyushanmuhezuo。

zaici，suizhejishilingshoudejueqi，xiaofeizheduibianjie、shixiaodeyaoqiuyuelaiyuegao，xiaofeizheduihuiyuanfuwudeyaoqiuyeyoulebianhua——bujinyaoshangpinhao，haiyaomaidefangbian，zuihaojisongdaojiamenkou，haibushouyunfei。

ershanmudexianshangyewu，shisuoyoucangchuhuiyuandianzhongfazhandezuiwanbeideyige。disanfangjiancepingtaizhichu，shanmushuyuziyingleijishilingshoudediyiming。quannianwancheng400yiyuanxianshangyejideshanmu，zheigediyimingweizhibujinkexin，erqiediweiyaoyaolingxian。

lingshouzhuanjiabaoyuezhonggaosuyilanshangye，mendiandezuizhongmudejiushiweilefuwuxiaofeizhe，manzuxiaofeizhedegoumaixuqiu，zheijiubaohangoumaifangshi，youdaodian，yeyoujishilingshou。zaizheixiecangchuhuiyuandianzhong，zhiyoushanmuxingchenglejiaoweiwanshandedian、cang、xianshangdeyitihuabuju。

zhideyitideshi，yushanmuxiangbi，guochancangchuhuiyuandianzaipinpaihaozhaolifangmianhaicunzaimingxianchaju。yiweiyeneirenshigaosuyilanshangye，zaigongyinglianjianshezheiyifangmian，gaoxinlingshoubingbuxunseyuwoerma，danerzhezuidadechayizaiyupinpaiyingxiangli。shanmuzheilianggezibenshenjiudaiyoujudadeliuliang，shenzhichengweiwanghongdakadian。yinci，yuqishuoshanmudechenggongwanquanyilaiyupinzhi，burushuoshanmuzaizhongchanjiecengxinzhongchenggongshulile“qudaopinpai”dexinyang，zheishiguochancangchuhuiyuandiansuonanyiqijide。

中国能捧出自己的山姆吗？

henduoduishoudouzaiyanjiushanmu，xiangzaiguoneishichangpiliangfuzhi，danzhijinmeirenchenggong。shanmumuqianzhengyixunmengdeshitouqianjin，genjulianshangwangdetongji，guangdixianchengshideshanmushoudianjihua，jiuyijingpaidao2027nianzhihoule。

suiranshanmufazhanshitouxunmeng，danzheizhongkuaisukuozhangyebansuizheyixiliewenti。11yue，shanmuyinshanzikuodabushiyongqiriwuliyoutuihuodeshangpinfanwei，beishanghaishipudongxinqushichangjianduguanlijufakuan1wanyuan；10yuedi，shanmuyinwei“yinyangbiaoqian”beisongshangresou；9yue，duoweiwangyoubaoliao，shanmuyangzhiganlukaigaihoumiaobian“penshezhanshi”，xianchangyipianlangjie；zaiwangqian，xiaofeizhefanyingzaiyuebingyukaojizhongfaxianyiwu，haiyouxiaofeizhezainiunaiheshangkandaoyisichongluandeheisebumingwuti……pinfadezhiliangtousuwenti，wuyifanyingchushanmuzaichanpinquanliantiaojiankongdeshizhi、renliguanlishangdeloudong。

yucitongshi，jinnianyilai，mhuiyuandianzairenyuanzuzhi、shangpinjiagoushangjinxingdiaozheng，liyongdarunfadeyoushijinxingzhuigan，bingshouhuolebucuodexiaoguo；mingchuangyoupinruguyonghuichengweidagudonghou，yeguofuzaicaibaohuiyishangduocitidaopangdonglai、shanmu，qianjingyezhideqidai。

zheixiedoushizhongguopengchuzijishanmudejihui。buguo，jiusuanshanmu“houyuanqihuo”，guochancangchuhuiyuandianfenqizhizhui，danzhiyaoguochanpinpaimenweinengjiejueshangshutidaodewenti，tebieshizaigongyinglianjianshehechanpinchayihuafangmianweinengqudetupo，neime，diergeshanmuyijiuyaoyaowuqi。