记者 | 安晶

fengxing“meiguoyouxian”demeiguodangxuanzongtongtangnade·telangpuzaidiyirenqicengdaimeiguotuichubaliqihouxieding、yihexieyi、lianheguojiaokewenzuzhideng10duogeguojixieyiheguojizuzhi。

rujin，jijiangkaiqidierrenqidetelangpuzhunbeizhongqi“tuiqun”jihua。

xiaoxirenshitoulu，telangpuzhunbeizaishangrendiyitianjiudaimeiguotuichushijieweishengzuzhi（who）。ciqian，telangpuzaiduduibeiyuefajinggao，yaoqiubeiyuemengyoujinyibutigaoguofangzhichu。

2024nian12yue23ri，meiguoqiaozhichengdaxuefaxueyuanquanqiujiankangjiaoshou、shiweizuzhiguojiahequanqiujiankangfahezuozhongxinfuzerenlaolunsi·gesitingjieshoulutoushecaifangshitoulu，telangpuguodutuanduizhengzaichoubei，meiguokenengzaitelangpushangrendiyitianhuozheshangrenchuqijiutuichushijieweishengzuzhi。

2020nianxinguanyiqingqijian，telangpucengxuanbumeiguozantingxiangshiweizuzhitigongzijin，zhizeshiweizuzhixuanchuanyuxinguanyouguandejiaxiaoxi。gaijuedingyinfalebaokuolianheguozaineiduogezuzhidekangyi，《liuyedao》zhubianlichade·huodunfawenqianzetelangpuzaixinguansinveqijianzantingchuzishifan“fanrenleizui”。

zaijieshudiyigezongtongrenqiqian，telangpuyijingjihuadaimeiguochedituichushiweizuzhi，tuichuchengxushangweiwanchengzhishiyuesefu·baidengyingdelemeiguozongtongdaxuan。zaijinniandedaxuanzhonghuoshenghou，telangpujiangdeyishixianciqianweiwanchengdejihua。tayijingxuanbujiangtimingyimiaohuaiyilunzhe、qianminzhudangrenxiaoluobote·fulangxisi·kennidiweimeiguoweishengyugongzhongfuwububuzhang。

cong1948nianshiweizuzhichenglizhishi，meiguojiushizhongyaochuzifang，zaixinguanyiqingqianyizhibaochizhedajinzhudediwei。muqianshiweizuzhiyou194gehuiyuanguohe2gezhunhuiyuanguo。

juguanwangjieshao，gaizuzhidezijinzhuyaolaiziliangzhongqudao：huiyuanguohezhunhuiyuandefentanhuifeiyijiziyuanjuankuan。

fentanhuifeishiyizhaomeigeguojiaderenkouhegdpjueding。ziyuanjuankuanzebujuxianyuhuiyuanguo，guojizuzhi、feizhengfuzuzhi、cishanzuzhi、xueshujigoudengjunkejuankuan，yekeyizhidingtedingdeweishenglingyu。

meiguotigongdeziyuanjuankuanzhuyaoyongyuxiaochuxiaoermabizheng、yimiaoyanfa、fangzhiaizibing、ganyan、feijiehe、fuyoubaojiandenglingyu。

zhidao1990niandaihouqizhiqian，fentanhuifeiyizhishishiweizuzhidezhuyaozijinlaiyuan。cong1990niandaihouqikaishi，ziyuanjuankuanzhunianshangsheng，fentanhuifeizhanbidafujianshao。daoxianzai，shiweizuzhiyusuanjinyoubudao20%laizifentanhuifei。

shiweizuzhidecaizhengyusuanweishuangnianduyusuan，2024-2025niandewei68.34yimeiyuan。genjuzheiyishiqidefentanhuifeibilibaogao，meiguodehuifeijiangzhanzonghuifeide22%yue2.6yimeiyuan，zhongguoyi15.255%paimingdier。

shiweizuzhizhichu，suiranhuifeizaigaizuzhizijinlaiyuanzhongdezhanbixiajiang，danhuifeiyiranshikeyuce、nenggengguangfanshiyongdezhongyaozijinlaiyuan。muqian，ziyuanjuankuanshishiweizuzhizuidazijinlaiyuan。dan2022-2023nian，ziyuanjuankuanzhongyou87%weidingxiangjuankuan，zheileijuankuanzhinengyongyutedinglingyuqiebixuzaiguidingshijianneishiyong。

2020niantelangpudiyicidasuantuichushiweizuzhishi，shijiesidayixueqikanzhiyide《》jiuzhuanmenfawenjinggaomeiguotuichugaizuzhijiangweixiequanqiuhemeiguodegonggongweishengheanquan。

wenzhangzhichu，meiguojibingkongzhiheyufangzhongxinsheyou21geshiweizuzhihezuozhongxin，shiweizuzhi6dadiqubangongshizhiyidefanmeiweishengzuzhizongbuyeweiyumeiguo。tuichushiweizuzhihou，meiguokenengbeipaichuzaiquanqiumeinianyidudeliuganyimiaokaifazhiwai，yejiangyingxiangmeiguokuaisuzhuizongxiangyingquanqiuchuanranbingdenengli。meiguozijidegonggongweishengxiangmuwufaqudaiquanqiujigoudeyingxiangli，zaiyigeduojihuashijiezhong，wufaquebaoqitaguojiayuanyiyumeiguozaixiangguanwentishangzhankaihezuo。

wenzhanghaizhichu，meiguozhengfuzaimeiyoumeiguoguohuipizhundeqingkuangxiatuichushiweizuzhiweiweifaxingwei，huyuguohuizuzhizhengfudexingdong。duiyumeiguozhengfunengfouraokaiguohuituichushiweizuzhicunzaizhengyi，meiguocanyiyuanfuzepizhunmeiguojiarudeguojitiaoyue（treaty），danguojixieyi（agreement）wuxujingguocanyiyuanpizhun。

chuleshiweizuzhi，telangpuhaizhunbeizaicituichubaliqihouxiedingbingzaiduweixieyaotuichubeiyue。

benyuezaoxieshihou，telangpujieshoumeiguomeiticaifangshijinggao，ruguobeiyuechengyuanguojixuzhanmeiguobianyi、bukuodaguofangzhichu，tajiangkaolvdaimeiguotuichubeiyue。

zaidiyirenqishi，telangpuduociduibeiyuechengyuanguoguofangzhichubuzufajinggao。beiyueyaoqiuchengyuanguomeinianguofangkaizhizhishaoyaozhangdpde2%，zaitelangpurenmeiguozongtongshi，baokuodeguozaineidedabufenbeiyueguojiadoumeiyoumanzuzheiyiyaoqiu。

2022nianewuchongtukaishihou，beiyuechengyuanguozhudongtishengguofangzhichu。bolanjiangguofangzhichutigaodaogdpde4.12%，chengweizengfuzuigaodebeiyuechengyuan。jubeiyueshuju，daojinnian，beiyue32gechengyuanguoneiyou23guoshixianle2%mubiao。

telangpuhaizhunbeijinyibujiama。shangzhoutoulu，telangpuzhunbeiyaoqiubeiyuechengyuanguojiangguofangkaizhitigaodaozhangdpde5%，chubumubiaowei3%。ouzhouduoguoyijingduijinyibutigaokaizhibiaoshiledanyou。

weilefangzhitelangpudanfangmiandaimeiguotuichubeiyue，meiguoliangdangyiyuanzai2023nianqicaofaanyaoqiumeiguotuichubeiyuebixuhuodecanyiyuansanfenzhieryiyuanpizhunhuozhededaoguohuishouquan。meiguoguohuisuihoutongguolegaifaan。

danzhichu，jibianbutuichubeiyue，meiguoyekeyijianshaoduibeiyuedeshijitouru、rangouzhouguojiachengdangengdaanbaozeren。