zuozhe：foinsight

henduorendouzhidao，yijiashiruidianrenyinggewa·kanpulade（ingvar kamprad）jiqijiazudechanye，danbingmeiyouhenduorenzhidao，qishikanpuladejiazutongguoyijiagongsi，zhangwozheconglingshoudaoshengchanzhizao、baoxian、fangdichandengduojiagongsi，zheijiagongsijiushiyikanuojituan（ikano group)。

qishi，yikanuojituan（ikano group）zuizaoyezhishiyijiadeyibufen，yizhidaohoulaisuizhekanpuladejiazuyewudebuduankuoda，caituoliyijiachengweidulidegongsi，bingguanlizhekanpuladejiazudeyewu。

yikanuojituanshiyinggewa·kanpuladechuanchengjisangeerzideshiye，gaigongsiyoutamenzizhuguanli，yeshijichengzhemendazhanquanjiaohebaofudetiandi。yikanuobushijidierdailianshoudewanju，ershiyijiaxunsufazhan、yongyouyiwancaifudedaxingqiye，shiweilaibaozhangyijiaanquandezhunbeijin，yuyijiaxuemaijinjinxianglian。

1 全球第八大富豪

1926nian，yijiachuangshirenyinggewa·kanpuladechushengzairuidianyigenongchangzhujiating，waizufuzaidangdijingyingzhefangdichanhenongzhuang。yexushishoudaojiatinghuanjingdeyingxiang，kanpuladeconghaitongshiqikaishi，bianshixiaohuobanzhongde“shangren”，kaozhedaomaihuochaidengxiaowanyier，tacongshangyemaoyizhongtihuidaolezhuanqiandelequ。

danzhidao17suineinian，kanpuladechuangjianyijia，caikaishizhenzhengyiyishangdeshangyehuodong。yijiademingzi“ikea”fenbielaizitazijidemingziingvar kamprad、nongchangdemingchengelmtarydhenongchangsuochudecunzhuangagunnaryd。

yikaishi，yijiazhixiaoshouyixiejiagediliandeshangpin，biruqianbi、nilongwa、qianbao、xiaojiajudeng。fuqinbangtaguanlidingdan、zhangdan，muqinzefuzebangmangjiedianhua、baozhuangshangpin，yanranyigexiaozuofang。zhidao1947nian，kanpuladecaikaichuletadediyijiajiajudian，bingzaisuihoujishinianli，jiangzheijiajiajudiandazaochenglequanqiuzuichenggongdejiajuqiyezhiyi。

*yijiachuangshirenyinggewa·kanpulade

jiezhi2018nian，yijiazaiquanqiuyongyou434jiamendian，quanqiuguyuandadao20800ren。

1986nian，kanpuladeciqulegongsiceoyizhi。dangshi，yijiabeifenchengsanjiagongsi：inter ikea、ingka groupheyikanuojituan。qizhong，inter ikeazhangguanzheyijiapinpaidezhishichanquan，yeshiyijiatexushouquanren；ingka groupshiyijia12getexujingyingzhezhiyi，tongshiyongyouyijialingshou，yunyingzheyijia367jiamendian。

yikanuojituandeqianshenshiyijiadeyibufen, youkanpuladeyu1950niandaichengli，banyanzhejiajugongsiheshengchanshangzhijiandezhongjianshangjiaose。houlai，qitafuzezhichiyijiayunyingdegongsidoukaishicaiyongikanozheigemingzi。ikanozai1970niandaizaifangdichan、shengchanzhizaodenglingyushifenhuoyue。

1988nian9yue1ri，ikanocongyijiadulichulai，mingmingweiyikanuojituan。kanpuladedesangeerzipite（peter)、qiaonasi（jonas）hemadiyesigongtongyongyoukanpuladejiazusuoyoudeyikanuojituan，tamendoushiyikanuojituanqixiagongsidedongshihuichengyuan。

2013nian，kanpuladeciquyijiadongshihuizhiwu。tazuixiaodeerzimadiyesi·kanpulade（mathias kamprad）jietiper ludvigsson，chengweiyijiakonggugongsidongshizhang。

2018nianqushishi，genjupengboxinwen，kanpuladeweilie2018nianquanqiufuhaobangdibawei，yongyoucaifugaoda587yimeiyuan。genjufubusidebaodao，sangeerzigezidejingzichanzai10yimeiyuanzuoyou。

2 六大公司

yikanuojituanshiyijianianxiaoshoue910yimeiyuandegongsi，yunyingzhelianggepinpai：yikanuoheyijia。jituanzaiyazhou、ouzhou、lameidengdiqu17geguojiayouchaoguo7000mingyuangong，shejideyewubaokuoyinxingye、fangdichan、shengchanzhizao、baoxian、shujufenxiyijilingshouyewu。

muqian，yikanuojituanzongbuweiyulusenbao，ceoweilaersi·tuoersen，tayu2015nianjietiarja taavenik。jituangongyouyikanuoyinxing（ikano bank）、fangdichangongsiikano bostad、shengchanzhizaogongsiikano industry、baoxianzixungongsiikano re& ikano insurance advisory、shujudongcha&shangyeqingbaojigouikano insightheyikanuolingshou（ikano retail）。

qizhong，shujufenxigongsiikano insightsweiyuyingguo，zhuyingyewushibarichangshujuzhuanhuachengyoujiazhi、kexingdongdedongcha。

fangdichangongsiikano bostadchengliyu2005nian，gongsiyou300duomingyuangong，gongsideyewuxianbaokuosheji、jianzaogezhongleixingdefangzi，baokuochuzugongyu、zhuhusuoyoudefangzi、chengzhenzhuzhai、yanglaoyuandeng。muqianyikanuodichangongsizairuidianhedanmaikaizhanyewu。

yikanuoyinxing（ikano bank）chengliyu1995nian，zongbuzaiyingguonuodinghandechezhanjie，zaizheizhiqian，gongsidezongbuzaileidefudajie（radford boulevard）。youyici，jianpodekanpuladedachenggongjiaochejiuguoqule，yuangongdouxiyiweichang。rujin，yikanuoyinxingyou240mingyuangong，yewubaokuoweiguketigongbaokuoxinyongka、daikuan、chuxudengyewu；tongshi，yeweixiangvision expressdenglingshoujigoutigongxiaofeijinrongfuwu，bingfuzexianglingshouhuobantigongcaiwuhexiaofeizhedongchafuwu，yeweigongsitigongzulindengyewu。yikanuoyinxingzaiaodaliya、danmai、fenlan、deguo、nuowei、bolan、eluosi、ruidian、yingguodengguojiayouyewu。

shengchanzhizaogongsiikano industryweiyubolan，shiyijiachuangdianheqitaxiangguanchanpindezhuyaogongyingshang，zaibolanderogoznohekrajenkayouliangjiangongchang，dazaoleouzhouzuida、zuixiandaidechuangdianshengchanxian。2020nian，ikano industryhaizaimoxigejianyigexindegongchang，bashichangtuozhandaomeiguo。haowuyiwen，yikanuogongyeshiyikanuojituanzengzhangzuikuaideyewu。

yikanuolingshoushikanpuladejiazuweiyiyongyoudeyijiatexujingyinggongsi，zaixinjiapo、malaixiya、feilvbin、taiguohemoxigejingyingwulianjiameidechanpin。

baoxianzixungongsiikano re& ikano insurance advisoryweiquanqiuikeatexujingyingxitonglidequanqiuyunyingtigongbaoxianjiejuefanganyuzixunfuwu，yewufugaijiaotongyunshu、fangchan、zhaiwudeng。

suiranzheiliudagongsizhijiandoushiduliyunyingde，danshizuoweiyikanuojituandeyifenzi，tamenyougongtongdejiazhilinianyuwenhua，jigongshiyujiandanhua（common sense and simplicity)、gongshi（working together)yijiganyuyuzhongbutong（daring to be different)，yegongtongzhiliyuweilaidekechixufazhan，biru，yijiadongnanyachufangtuanduijianshaolegaidiqu50%dechuyulaji；zi2013nianqi，ikano industrydeyanfatuanduijiuliyongtamendejishu，jiangfeijiuchuangdianzhongdepaomojiagong，yongyuzhizaoxindepaomochanpin。

3 宜家生态

jinguanyikanuojituandegongsidoushiduliyunyingde，danshiqiqianshenheqiyewudouzaizhichiyijiadefazhan。yinci，gongsizhijiandeyewubicijiaocha，gengxiangshiyiyijiaweizhongxindeyigeshengtai，mudezaiyutishengyijiadefuwuzhiliangheshuiping。eryikanuojituan，jiuxiangshikanpuladejiazude“daguanjia”，zaizhichigegongsidulijingyingdetongshi，gengqingxiangyutongguowenhuahejiazhiguanbatamenlianxizaiyiqi。

liru，yikanuoyinxingshiyijiazai8geguojiadecaiwufuwutigongshang，liruyijiayingguoyuyikanuoyinxingdachengzhangqihezuo，weiyingguoguketigongshuzihuadeshenqingfuwu。zi2021nian5yuetuichugaiyewuyilai，dedaolexinlaogukederenke。2021nian6yue，ingka grouphuodeyikanuoyinxing49%deguquan，tongguozheicishougou，yijiagukekeyihuodexiaofeideqidejinrongfuwu，zuoweiweilaixiaofeizheshengtaideyibufen。

eryikanuojituan，shizheigeyiyijiaweizhongxinshengtaidedaguanjia，tafuzejizheixieqiyezhidinggongtongdemubiao——jituankechixucelve，bangzhuzheixieqiyezaiweilaizoudegengyuan。

2021nian9yue，yikanuojituantuichujituanzuixinde“jituankechixucelve2022-2025”，meijiagongsidougenjuzishenqingkuang，zhidingmubiaohekpi。liru，yikanuoyinxingdemubiaoshi，dao2025nian，shixian100%kehushuziqianyue；25%deliudongzijinkebeidingyiweilvsede；zaisuozaishichang，jishenkechixuyinxingtop3；yikanuofangdichandemubiaoshi，dao2025nian，suozaidiquxiaofeizhemanyidutop3defangdichangongsi；jianzaoshengtaihuanbaoxingfangchan，caiyonggenghaodecailiao，yiweiguketigonggengjiankangdeshenghuo；xinfangzidesheji，douyaojiyuxindelvseshejilinian，jibaochijiandan、jianyue。

duiyukanpuladejiazulaishuo，yikanuojituanjiuxiangshijiazudeyigedaguanjia，quebaojiazugegechengyuandeduli、xietongfazhan，dantongshiweitamenzhidinggongtongdelinianyujiazhiguanmubiao，quebaojiazuchengyuanjingerwangyichushi，gongtongfazhan。

（tixing：neirongjiguandianjingongcankao，bugouchengrenhetouzijianyi。）