文|降噪NoNoise 罗拉

3岁宝宝看的编程书都上架了

zaishijiejisuanjifazhanshishang，1984nianshiyigehonghonglieliedenianfen。

zheiyinian，pingguoshoucifabulemaijintuoshendiannao（mac）——yikuanjijianggaibianshijiedekejichanpin。

gerenjisuanjilangchaodezaitiyoule，dayangliangandeshehuifenweiganyekaishilutou。zaibeijing，zhongguojisuanjixuehuijubanlediyijie「quanguoqingshaonianchengxushejijingsai」，baomingdehaiziyou8000renzhiduo。

zainiuyue，yimingtongyangshoudaojisuanjilangchaoganzhaodeyayi，jizijimailediyitaibangongdiannao。houlai，tayoujizijidesigehaizigemaileyitaidiannao，qizhongyigeerzishizai10suishengrishishoudaodezheifenliwu。

neigexingyundexiaonanhaihenkuaifaxianlezijizaibianchengfangmiandetianfu。meigefangxuehoudexiawu，tadoujujinghuishendizuozaidiannaoqianlianxibiancheng。duibierenlaijiangyourutianshudedaima，tahenkuaikeyizhangwo。

jingxizhiyu，fuqinzhuanmenpinqingleyimingjisuanjigongchengshijierzi「kaixiaozao」。xiaonanhaijinbushensu，henkuaijiunengduliwanchengfuzabianchengshenzhizibiangongjuruanjian，chengweifujinxiaoyoumingqideshentong。

10nianhou，tachengweilefacebookdechuangshiren，yijizhongguobianchengpeixunjigouzhongshichangchuxiandeguiguouxiangzhiyi。

jingchangyuzhakeboge「tongkuang」de，haiyou9suixuebianchengdetesilachuangshirenmasike、10suixuebianchengdeqiaobusi，11suixuebianchengdebier·gaici。zheixieshangyexuanchuanzhongchanzalebuyichajuedeyinguomiuwu，sihuxiangyaoanshixiaoshihouxuebianchengshitongwangweilaishangyechenggongdeyitiaojiejing。

buguoduiyuchushengyuziyuanfengraoshidaide00hou、10houeryan，chenggongzhengzaimanmangaobiedanyikebandedingyi，bianchengzhenzhengnengtongwangdeqishishi「shuzihuayuanzhumin」dexiangwaitansuoyuziwobiaoda。

zheizhongtansuozhinengyouxingququdong，yugonglihuadeyingshijiaoyuwuguan。suoyizaijinqiyongxianchudeyipiyouxiushaoerbianchengzuopinzhong，womenshichangnengkandaochaohuchengnianrenxiangxiangdelangmanyuminrui。

zaidiwujiequanguoqingshaonianrengongzhinengchuangxintiaozhansaidehuojiangxuanshouzhong，youkewangyongyouyizhanghuoxingchuanpiaodexiaoxingjimilizimo。tarenzhenyanjiuguohuoxingshachenbaoduizhongguozhudaojianlidehuoxingguojijididekunrao。

zaihuoxingshang，shachenbaokeyixingchengzhangdajizhoushijiandeshachenta，bujinyingxiangtaiyangnengdianchibandezhengchanggongzuo，haihuiraoluanhuoxingbiaomiandetongxing，jineryingxianghuoxingtancegongzuo。

liyongaijishu，lizimohexiaohuobangongtongshejichuangzuole「xingchenhao」huoxingcheduimoxing。neixiexiangyigexiaoxingjiqirendechedui，dazaileshexiangtou、hongwaixianchuanganqi、chaoshengbochuanganqi、guangdianchuanganqi、duoji、xianshiping、chumokongzhiping、jishidingweihedituchuangjianjishu，tamenkeyilingdaozhuruqingchuhuoxingbiaomianshashiluzhang、qinglitaiyangnengdianchibanshachendengbutongleixingderenwu。

lingyimingzhongxueshengzhoujiekai，liyongxiaochengxushejichuyikuanmingwei「tuxingdenglu」dexiaoyouxi，tongguorangrenmenlejieyuzhouzhishi，shoujiyunshisuipian，qinglitaikonglajilaishixiantongguan。

zheigeyouxizhongbaohanzheyige12suishaonianduiyuzhoudezhongjilangman。zaozai2019nian，nasaguidaosuipianjihuabangongshijiucengzuochujingshi，zaijudiqiubiaomianyue1250yinglidefanweinei，you23,000duojiandayu10limi（4yingcun）desuipian，huozheshuotaikonglaji。

jiuzaigeguozhengfuweiruheqinglitaikonglajizhengchaobuxiudeshihou，yigehaizinengxiangdaozaiyouxizhong、tongguozuorenwuquxiaojiezheiyitaikongweiji。zheigechuangyibenshenyijingjibisaipingwei——neixiexieguoduoniandaimadechengxuyuanmen，fengshangleyisijingxi。

shouyiyuhulianwangdejueqiherengongzhinengdepuji，zheiliangnianqingshaonianbianchengzaishijiefanweichengweixindelangchao。

lundunzhengzhijingjixueyuanjiaoshou sonia livingstonezai《shuziweilaizhongdeyuer》yishuzhong，yaoqingyingguofumumenqusikaoshuzijishuzaihaizimenshenghuozhongbanyandezhongyaojiaose，tafaxian，jiarubianchengjulebujiushihenduojiazhangxiwangzijidehaizijinrushuzihuaweilaideyizhongzhongyaodetujing，shenzhiyoujiazhangjiangbianchengshiweixinshidaideladingwen。

guoneidebianchengjiaoyushenzhigengwei「jijin」。ruguozaidianshangpingtaisoushaoerbiancheng，nikeyizhaodaozhengtao《baobaodebianchengxue》，shiheyuedunianling3sui+；《haizikandebianchengqimengshu》，shiyongnianling5-10sui。

womensihububidanxinzheizhonglangchaohuiyanhuaweiyizhongxindejiaoyuneijuanhuozhejiwa，zhinengshuo，yuelaiyueduodejiazhangmenkaishiyishidaobianchengjiaoyudezhongyaoxing。

「被看到」的引力

meiguoxuezhexueli·aensitantongguoduiduoguoshehuicanyuzhuangkuangdeyanjiu，tichulezhumingde「gongmincanyujietililun」。gaililunjianggongminshehuicanyuchengduyicihuafenwei：jiacanyu、biaomiancanyu、shenducanyu。diaochajieguoxianshi，weichengnianrenduihulianwangziwobiaodaheshehuicanyu，biaoxianchuleqiangliedesuqiu。

ruguoshuoyuyanwenzishichuandaosixiangdezaiti，neimezaishuzihuashidai，daimajiushi00hou、10houyuzhenshishijiepingdengduihuadeyizhonggongju。

guojiahulianwangxinxizhongxinshujuxianshi，2021nianwoguoweichengnianwangminshuliangchaoguo2yiren，wangluopujilvda95%，yuangaoyuchengnianquntidehulianwangpujilv。duiyuweichengnianreneryan，neirongchuangzuoshitamenziwobiaoda、shixiangetijiazhidezhongyaofangshi。shujuxianshi，zhishaoyou27%deweichengnianrenzaihulianwangshejiaopingtaizhizuobingfabiaoguoyuanchuangneirong，ruduanshipin、tuwen、biaoqingbaodeng。

duiyuweichengnianreneryan，neirongchuangzuoshitamenziwobiaoda、shixiangetijiazhidezhongyaofangshi。danshizaiyulunchuanbokongjianli，shouguanzhudeshinianqingrendesikaohexihao，zhanjumeititoutiaodezongshizhuru「zheijienianqingrenaishangjubensha/feipan/motuo/luchong」dexianxiangguancha；laoren、haizideshengyinzechenglechenmodeluoxuan。

daimashijiezeshilingyitaoyunxingguize。zaizheili，nianling、diyuconglaibushiwenti，linggan、haoqixinhechuangzaolicaishizuidamenjian。

12suideshanxitaiyuanshaonianguoweiyi，xiaoxiaonianjijiuyoulezijidewangzhan、gongzhonghaohesankuanxiaochengxu。xiaoxuebiyezhiji，tajibanjikaifaleyikuantongxueluxiaochengxu，jiangxiaoxuedemeihaojiyiyixiaochengxudexingshibaocundaolebanjitongxuedeweixinli。pingjiezheikuanzuopin，guoweiyiyezai2019nianshouyaoqianwangguangzhou，canjiashoujiequanguoqingshaonianweixinxiaochengxubianchengchuangyiying。

shanghaifengkongqijian，yougefumudang「tuanzhang」dehaizitongguoyikuan「caigouxiaonengshou-yijianshijielongzhuanexcelxiaochengxu」，rangtuanzhangmenkeyigenggaoxiaodihuizongqunlidejielongshuju。

zheimingxiaochengxuyuanhenzaojiuxueguoc++。tadezuixinmubiaoshizhengqushangxianweixinxiaochengxu，gongyonghuzhengshishiyong。duiyuzheixiexiaochengxuyuaneryan，jubeipushixingdeyingyongjiazhihuoxushizuidadebaoshang。

zheiqunnianjinshilaisuidexiaochengxuyuanyekeyichansheng「poquan」xiaoying。birubzhanshangyougerenqihengaodexiaoxueshengupzhu「vitajun」cong8suiqi，jiukaishizaibzhanshangchuanbianchengjiaoxueshipin，duanduanlianggeyue，jiushouhuole5wanfensi。

duiyutafadeneixieshipin，youwangyouzhiyan：buganshuovitajundeshuipingyouduogao，dantadejiangjiexizhiqingxi，zaixuduodifangjiarulezijidelijie。

cengyouwaijieshengyinzhiyi「vitajun」bei「yamiaozhuzhang」，tadebabadandingdigaosumeiti，bianchengrang「vitajun」youlechaoqiandeshuxueheluojisiwei，yepeiyangletadesikaoli。

zheihuoxushiyinweibianchengzaigulihaizimentianmaxingkongdexiangxiangdetongshi，youjiletamenbaxiangxiangbianweixianshidegongju。zhengrujiaoyuxuezheguochuyangsuoyan，haodejiaoxueshirangxueshengguanzhuzhenshideshenghuo、zhankaizhenshidediaocha、jiehezijisikaocongeryouyigezhenshideyingyong。

zhiqianyoumeitibaodao，guangdongxiaoxueshengdaishuwei，cengliyongxiaoshengchudeshujia，zaibiedetongxuemendouqubukedeshihou，tamenzaijialikaifaleyigexiaoxiaotizhongchengdexiaochengxu，mubiaoshibangzhujiarenjiankongtizhong。

guochengqishibingbushunli，tayunyonglekeshihuaruanjian，rengyouyixiewentizijinanyijiejue，xuyaobamadezhidian，danzheibingmeiyourangtaganshoudaocuobai，「yudaowenti，wohuixiangbatachaichengmokuai，zhuyianpai，zhuyijiejue。」

zhengruqiaobusishengqiansuoxuanyangde，「wojuedemeigerendouyinggaixuexiyimenbianchengyuyan。xuexibianchengjiaoniruhesikao，jiuxiangxuefalvyiyangbingbuyidingyaoweilezuolvshi，danfalvjiaoniyizhongsikaofangshi。wobajisuanjikexuekanchengshijiaoyu，meigerendouyinggaihuazhishaoyinianshijianxuexibiancheng。」

敲代码，有可能如铅笔写字一样简单吗？

meigerendouxuexiyimenbianchengyuyan，zheidangranzhishiqiaobusiqidaizhongdelixiangzhuangtai。

zaixingqiyumeiguodediyilunbianchenglangchaozhong，neixieguigudalaoshaonianshiqide「shentong」jinglibeihou，qishiduoshaodouyinzangzhenibuzhidaode「menjian」。

shaoerbianchengpeixunjigouzhishuoqiaobusi10suijiechubiancheng，danbuhuigaosuguoni，qiaobusijiadangnianjiuzhuzaiguigufujin，tadeyixielinjujiushihuipugongchengshi。ta12suishijiuyougenhuipuceodianhuajiaoliuhexunqiuyanfabangzhudejihui。

zhakeboge10suishiyongyoudeneitaiangguidiannao，yebushiputonggongxinjiecengsuonengfudandeqideliwu。zhiyumasike，tadefuqintongyangzaierzidejisuanjiqimengzhongfahuiguozhongyaozuoyong。

fanguanguonei，zuizaojiechudaimadehaizizhong，hendayibufenyeyujiatingbeijingyouguan，birujiatingchengyuanliyouchengxuyuan、laoshihuozhekejicongyezhe。xiang「vitajun」defuqin，shiyimingcengjingcanjiaguoxinxixueaolinpikejingsaidequanzhanchengxuyuan。tamenduibianchengyoutianrandeqinjinganhejiazhirentong。

zaibianchengcongxiaozhongxingquaihaozouxiangzhuliujiaoyujinengdeguochengzhong，guannianheshehuiturangkaishifashenghuaxuefanying。jiazhangmenhuoxubuqixuhaizichengweixiayigebier·gaici，xiayigezhakeboge，dandouxiwangweihaizitigongduoyizhongziwotansuodekenengxing。youqishidanghenduofumuyishidao，yaobahulianwangyuanzhuminyudianzichanpinchedigejuejihushixixifusishidejieguohou，zhudongxuexibianchengyechengleyizhongshudaoshouduan。

youqizaixiaochengxuyingyongxingqihou，guoneiyongxianchuyuelaiyueduode「xiaozhakeboke」。yi5yirihuodeweixinxiaochengxuweili，shangmiandexiaochengxuyitupo300wan，qie00hou、10houkaifazhedebilizhengzaizhuniantigao。

「bianxiedaimaduiyouxiehaizilaishuo，yexukeyibianlidaoxiangyongqianbixieziyiyang。」zai9yue20rijuxingde「yimengweima wujiegongsheng」quanqiuqingshaonianrengongzhinengjiaoyufenghuishang，zhongguokexueyuanyuanshi、fudandaxuetepinjiaoshoujinyaqiuleguanyuyan。

zhiyuruheranggengduozhinende、shenzhimeiyoubianchengbeijingdehaizishangshouxiedaima，shenzhifahuigengdadeshehuijiazhi，libukaixiaoneijiaoyu、kaifazheshengtaiyushehuifenweidegongtongzuoyong。

zheiqizhongzuiyoufayanquandeshijiaoyugongzuozhe。zaiquanqiuqingshaonianrengongzhinengjiaoyufenghuishang，duomingshanghaijiaoyugongzuozhebaolebushao「liao」。

rengongzhinengjiaoyujichusheshidequewei，yingxiangzhebianchengdepujixiaolv。youlaoshixianchangtichu，youmeiyoukenengbayanfagongju、bianchengkecheng、jiaoxueshipin、shenzhisaishibaomingrukoudouchendianzaiyigepingtaishang，xingchengmokuaihuafuwu？lilunshangzheizhongmokuaikeyibimianzhongfuzaolunzi，ranggedideshoukelaoshi、xueshenggequsuoxu，jiuxiangdangxiabangongruanjianneitigongdegezhongxiaomokuaifuwu。

「zhongzilaoshi」buzu，yeshirengongzhinengjiaoyunanyipujidechezhou，jiaoyugongzuozhemenxiwangxiaoneixiaowailiandong，tuixing「shuangshizhi」，youxiaowaizuzhibiruweixin「lvmiaojihua」、zhongfuhuishaoniangongdengbangmangpeixungengduode「zhongzilaoshi」，huozheduixiaochengxuyuanmenjinxingxiaowaijizhongpeixun。

haiyoupeixunlaoshiduibileguoneiwaibianchengsaishidemoshichayi：zaicanyuguojisaishideshihou，guoneidezhongzixuanboliuchenggenjingjitiyuyoudeyipin——xianshixuexiaolaoshidailingxueshengkewaijixun，tongguoshiquxuanbodecanjia「guojiadui」donglingying、xialingying，zaicongzhong「qiajian」，xuansongdaoguojisaishidangzhong，「youcansaijihuidexueshengshaozhiyoushao」。

erguowaijibenshangshixueshengzhudao，zijiganxingqujiukeyibaoming，suoyoubaomingzhezaiwangshangtongyijingji、yicengyicengjinjie，youguanjigoudingduozhidaoyiliangci，「zheiyangdepeixunhuoxuzaibisaishangbibuguowomen，danneixiehaiziyinweireaizheijianshi，houqikenengzoudegengyuan。」

zheixiexisuide「tongdian」pinzaiyiqi，chengxianchulaideyicengxianshi，jipujibianchengjirengongzhinengjiaoyuhaichuyuchujijieduan。kandechulai，zheixianggongzuorenzhongdaoyuan。

lingrenjingxideshi，laizijiaoyu、jishu、lilunyanjiudenglingyudeyoushizhishi，yijingduiciyoulexiangdangshenkedesikaohetaolun，bingjiangzhifuzhuxingdong。weixinyanfachuledimenjian、yikaifadexiaochengxubianchenggongjubao，keyiranggengduoqingshaonianjieshouxinxijishudepujijiaoyu。jinyaqiuyuanshidengxiangyuguojidedingjikexuejia，yeyuanyizoudaoketangdangzhong，yurezhongkejichuangxindeqingshaonianpingdengduihua，gonghuarengongzhinengdeweilaifazhan。

huoxuzaiweilaidemouyitian，bianchengzhendehuixiangqianbixieziyiyangjiandan，xiaoxiaochengxuyuanzaineishiyejiubuzaihuilingrenzezechengqi。

「jisuanjipujicongwawazuoqi」zaizhongguokejijiehuidangle38nian。dangrenleishehuizhubujinrushuzihuashidai，zheijuhuayejiushouhuolexindehuiyin。