文|锌财经 路世明

编辑|大风

zailijing2018-2019lianxuliangnianxiaoliangfuzengzhanghou，yiqingdelailinrangqicheshichangzaicishoudaozhongchuang。buguo，bingfeisuoyoude“cheshi”doushiweimide，birujishishoudaoyiqingyingxiang，danfazhanyiranxunmengdefangcheshichang。

zuoweixiaozhongchexing，zi2001niandiyiliangzizhuzhishichanquanfangchexiaxianyilai，fangchezaizhongguoyiyoujin20nianfazhanlishi。ershinianlai，zaishichangjiaoyujizhengceyindaodegongtongzuoyongxia，zhongguofangcheshichangguimozengzhangyue10beizuoyou，danzheihaiyuanyuanbugou，gengweigaosudezengzhangjijiangkaishi。

2022nian，luyingjingjichixuhuobao，rangfangchechengweilenianqingren“weidujia”de“xinchong”，erzaizheiguturuqilaidexuqiudaidongxia，zhongguofangcheshichangyeyinglaileyibo“jijinshi”gaozengzhang。

zaijinnianzhongqiujiedangtian，youzaixianlvyoupingtailuyingyudingliangxiangjiaoduanwutongqizengzhanglejinliucheng。erzaiguoqinghuangjinzhouqijian，shangqifangcheshenghuojiadeyewuliangyeweiquniantongqi1.5bei，renjunkedanjiazengzhangliangcheng。

benjiuguangkuodeshichangqianjing，diejiaxuqiudedafuzengzhang，bujinrangshangqidatong、yutongkeche、yiweikedengyizhongcheqijiadalefangchechexingbujuheshichangtuiguanglidu，yechengjiulebushaofangcheyingdi、fangchezulin、fangchejulebudengchanyelianshangdewanjia。

dangran，renheshichangdouyoujiejuebuwandewenti。fangchehuoredebeihou，yingditaishao、quefabiaozhun、chexingbufengfu、jiagetaiangguidengyixiliewentijidaijiejue，jinkuaidimibuguanjianhuanjieshangdequeshi，cainengrangguoneifangchebaituoxianzhi，shifangjudadeqianli。

市场需求持续增长

suoweifangche，gumingsiyi，jishifangyeshiche。

taji“yi、shi、zhu、xing”yuyishen，gengweiziyou、gengweijingji、gengyoutiyangandeyoushi，shiqitarenhechexingdouwufaqudaide。yinci，fangcheyizhiyilaidoushi“lvxingzhe”xinzhongdedream car。

woguofangcheshichangshiyushangshiji90niandaimo，lijing20duonianfazhan，yijingxingchengleguimohuaqushi，fangchechanyelianyijingriquchengshu。youqishijinnianlai，houyiqingshidairenmendechuxinglvyouxuqiubuduanshifang，fangchelvxingzuoweizhongyaofangshizhiyi，zhijiedaidonglefangchexiaofei。

chenglianhuishujuxianshi，zhongguofangcheshichangjinjinianzengzhangsudujiaokuai，cong2017niandebuzu5000liangdao2018niande7374liang，zengzhang62%；2019nianyouzengzhangdao9177liang，zengzhang24%。2020nianshoudaoyiqingyingxiangdeguochanlvjuchexiangduidimi，jinkoulvjucheyedafusuojian。2021nian，fangcheshichangzedadaole12582liangdeshuiping，tongbizengzhang43%。

suiranzengzhangkuaisu，danxiangbioumeidengfadaguojia，woguodefangcheshichanghaishitaixiao，rengchuyuqibujieduan。

yimeiguolaishuo，fangchezaoyichengweijuminrichangxiuxianlvyoudezhongyaobufenzhiyi，qishangbanniandefangchexiaoliangwei323831liang，shizhongguode50duobei；jibianshiguotumianjijiaoxiaodedeguo，shangbannianfangchexiaoliangyeyou55202liang，shizhongguode10duobei。

dangran，zhongguofangcheshichangdechanpinjiegou，yumeiguo、jianada、aodaliyadengfadaguojiayecunzaimingxianbutong。

yibanlaishuo，fangchekeyifenweiliangdalei，fenbieshituoguashihezixingshi。

tuoguashifangchezishenmeiyoudongli，xuyaopailiang2.0tjiyishangdesuv、pikaqianyinxingshi。youyuoumeidengguojiakezuoqianyindechexingpujilvgao、cheweichongzu，qietuoguashifangchezishenjiageshihui、linghuodugao，yincituoguashifangchechangzhandaofangchezongxiaoliang90%zuoyou。

erwoguoyinweijiazhao、zhengcedengyinsuyingxiang，tuoguashifangchejiaonanshanglu，suoyifangcheyonghupubianxuanzezixingshifangche。

zixingshifangcheyekeyifenweiaxing、bxinghecxing。axingfangcheyibanyoudaba、kachegaizhuang，kongjianda，danbugoulinghuo；bxingfangchetongchangyoudaxingmpvgaizhuang，jiaoweilinghuo，dankongjiantaixiao；cxingfangchebujinkongjianjiaoda、sheshiqiquan，bingqiehaikeyigualanpai，yinciyeshimuqianguoneifangcheyonghuzhuliudexuanze。

youyisideshi，chulezhuiqiu“shiheyuanfang”，fangcheyezaifanhuadechengshiliyouyidingdeyongwuzhidi。youqijinyiliangnianlai，mianduiriyigaoshengdefangzuhefangjia，yuelaiyueduodenianqingrenchanshengleyongfangchedaitizufang、maifangdexiangfa。

lilunshang，yifangchedaitizufanghuomaifang，bujinyouleyigezijidejusuo，haiyoulezijideyiliangche，keweiyijuliangde。danshijishang，zheiyixiangfazaimuqianlaishuobingbukaopu。

shouxian，yaoxiangzhuzaifangcheshang，jiubixuyaozhaodaoyigemanzu“mianfei、anjing，zhoubianyouchaoshi、fandian、gongce”delixiangzhuchedi。qici，“chezhu”yebixuyaojiejueshenghuoyongdian、yongshuidewenti，bijingmeiyoukongdiaodefangche，xiatianshimeifazhurende。

danxianran，tongshimanzuzheixietiaojianshibuxianshide，jinmianfeitingchezheiyitiaojian，zaicuntucunjindeyixianchengshijiujibenshangbucunzai。

yifangchedaitizufanghuomaifangwuyishizhong“weixuqiu”，danzheibingbufangaiguorenduifangchexuqiudekuaisuzengzhang，youqishizai2021nianluyingjingjidechixuhuobaoxia，fangcheyuelaiyuechengweilvxingaihaozhedexuanze。

相关企业紧密布局

suiranzhongmeifangcheshichangchajujiaoda，danzheiyeyiweizheguoneifangcheshichangyongyoujudadeqianli。erluyingjingjideyijuntuqi，youjidadijiasufangcheshichangdefazhan。

zaizheilianggezhongyaoyinsudezuoyongxia，yuelaiyueduodeqiyekaishimiaozhunfangxingweiaidefangcheshichang，congzhengchezhizao、fangchexiaoshou、fangchezulin、fangchefuwudaoluyingjianshe、julebuyunyingdengduofangmian，juejinzheiyipengbofazhandelingyu。

zhengchezhizaofangmian，jiezhi2021nian，woguofangchepinpaidadaojin200ge。

baokuoshangqidatong、yutongjituandengzhujichang，zhongtongkeche、jinlongkeche、haigekechedengguoneizhimingkechezhizaoqiye，qiruiqiche、zhangchengjituan、jilijituan、wulingdengchengyongcheqidouluxujinjunfangcheshichang。

chucizhiwai，xinnengyuancheqi，birutesila、xiaopengqiche、yulaiqicheyekaishigenjinyifangchehechuangcheweizhudedisankongjiangainian。

congxiaolianglaikan，shangqijituanqixiashangqidatongzaijinnian1-7yuedezongxiaoliangdadao916liang，jueduiyoushinaxiashangbannianxiaoguan。

yutongkecheqixiayutongfangchezeyi585liangdechengjijuyudier；yuguangqiguanximiqie、gaoduanfangchezhizaoshangxinjiaofangcheyi366liangjuyudisan；shengengpikafangchelingyu、zhangchengqichejituanqixiadelanzhongfangcheyi337liangjuyudisi。

mianduiluyingjingjihefangchexuqiuredian，haohuapinpaiyijixinnengyuanpinpaiyezaifali。biruciqianbaoshijietuichuguoyikuanchedingluyingzhang，dangranshoujiayefeichang“ganren”，yidinggaoda4980ouyuan。ciwai，tesilamodel yzepeibeileluyingmoshi，yimanzuyonghuduiduoyanghuadeyongchechangjingxuqiu。

ciwai，fangchezhoubianxiangguanchanyeyeriyipengbo。zhongguoqicheliutongxiehuishujuxianshi，woguomuqianyouchaoguo7000jiafangchexiangguanqiye，2017~2021nianzhei5nianjian，xinzengqiyezhucepingjunzengsugaoda28.1%。

fangchezaixiaofeiduandehuore，cuishengguoneichuxianleduojia“hulianwang+fangche”pingtai，biruxiaoniaofangche、ccfangche、onefangchedeng，bingzaishichangguimoyijichanyelianduanyoulejinyibutixian。

suizhexiaofeizheduiyufangchedeganzhichengduyuelaiyuegao，fangchezulin、fangchelvyoudeshichangyezaizhunianshangsheng，zaixianlvyouqiyedangranbuhui“wushi”zheiyishichangxinxi。

julejie，jinrifeizhulianhepingtaishangjiatuichulefangcheyoujiuxiangfuwubiaozhun，baohanyiqingbaozhang、youzhichekuang、youliangbaozhang、fuzengbaoxian、mianfeixianluguihuadeng。yufeizhuxiangchabuda，xiechengpingtaiyeshangxianlequanguokeyudingdefangchechanpinjin300tiao，fugaizhejiang、beijing、shanghai、sichuan、hainan、yunnandeng20duogeshengshizizhiqu。

luyingjingjidehuobao，rangfangchewenhuadeyikuaisuchuanbo，xiangxinsuizhefangcheshenghuodepuji，zhenggeshichanghuixiyinlaigengduowanjia，yitongjiangfangchezheikuaidangaozuodegengda。

前景虽好，问题不少

suiranfangchejixiangguanchanyelianshiqianlijudadexingyezhiyi，yejinguansuizheshichangxuqiudebiandarujuzhebuduanzengduo，danmuqianxianzhiguoneifangchedeyixiewenti，yejuebunenghushi。

congzhenggechanyelianlaikan，guoneifangchezuidadechezhoushifangcheyingdidefazhan。

fangcheshichangzaihendachengdushangyilaiyuyingdidefazhan，danmuqianguoneifangcheyingdihaishiyiquyuxing、difangxingweizhu，chengxianxiaoersandetedian，tixihua、guimohuadezhuanyefangcheyingdishifenjinque。

tongshi，jiagedebutouminghegaoang，yerangbushaofangcheyonghuhuizhijiexuanze“yeting”，ke“yeting”bujinhuiduihuanjingzaochengyingxiang，chezhuanquanxingyenanyidedaobaozheng。

zhishi，zuoweiyigexinxingchanye，fangcheyingdijuyouqianqijianshetouruda、touzihuibaomandetedian，“yinglinan”biranhuiquantuiyibufenxiangyaorujudecongyezhe。

yigehaoxiaoxishi，bushao“shili”wanjiadecanyu，huojiangdailaiyidinggaiguan。

juxi，qiruikonggujituanyikaishizaifangcheluyingjidilingyufali，qixiade“tujuluying”zhuanzhuyuqichefangcheluyingdilingyu，goujianbingdazaoqichefangcheluyingquanxinjiazhishengtaiquan。

jutilaikan，“tujuluying”jiangyizhiyingqijianxingyingdi（300mu）weizhongxin，zhoubianbujuruoganxiaoxingyingdi（100～200mu），peiheliansuojiamengyingdibudian，xingchengyingdi“xiaoqihou”；ruoganyingdi“xiaoqihou”lianpianchengwang，yicixingchengquanguoyingdiwangluo。

fangcheyingdidefazhanjiujingruhe，haixuyaoyidingshijiancainengdechujielun。erlingyigeyingxiangdaoguoneifangchechanyefazhandeyinsuzaiyu，fangchezaizhongguorengshuyuxinxianshiwu，xiangguanzhengcefaguibugouwanshandaozhilefangcheshangpainan、shanglunan。

ciwai，suiranfangchedejiagejinnianlaiyuelaiyueqinmin，danrengbubianyi，zuijichudeyeyaoershiwanwangshang。bingqie，duiyujuedaduoshuputongxiaofeizhelaishuo，fangchedekeyongduyebushihengao，yincixiyinlishifenyouxian。

zheiyifangmianjileqiyejudadeshichangjihui，danlingyifangmianyehuixianzhifangchezulindefazhan。birufangchezulinzhinengdangdiquhai、fangcheweixiufugaidubugaodengwenti，yezaiyidingchengduyingxiangyonghudechuxingtiyan。

jiejuezheiyiwentideguanjian，zaiyulvxingwenhua、fangchewenhuadechuanbo。congfangchedechuxingdapengchekaishi，meiguofangchejingguobainiandefazhancaiyoulerujindeguimo。erfangchezaiguoneidefazhanjin20nianzuoyou，qiwenhuashuxinghaixuyaohenzhangshijianpeiyu。

zongtieryan，guoneifangcheyongyoujudadeshichangqianli，yecunzaijieduanxingdewenti。

erkeyixiangxin，suizhexiaofeishengjiherenmenlvxingfangshidegaibian，shichangxuqiudejinyibukuoda，nenggouxiyingengduobaokuocheqizaineidechanyewanjiaruju，gongtongzhuliguoneifangcheshichangshixiankuaisutupo。