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【shendu】kaoherenleiqihouxingdongdecop28jieshu,womenjuli“anquanzhelu”youduoyuan?

saoyisaoxiazaijiemianxinwenapp

【深度】考核人类气候行动的COP28结束,我们距离“安全着陆”有多远?

2025nianbaxijubandecop30dahuishang,geguojiangtijiaoxinyilundeguojiazizhugongxian(ndcs),zheijiangshixiayigefeichangzhongyaodeyingduiqihouwentijiedian。

来源:视觉中国

界面新闻记者 | 郑萃颖 周苏蕾 李讯 刘益 赵思棋

界面新闻编辑 | 李慎

zairenmenyingduiqihouwentideboyishishangdagaihuizheimexie:gongyuan2023nian,renmenweilejianhuanqihoubianhuaerzuzhideguojihuiyishang,huashinengyuanshoucibeixieshangweilaijiangtuichuwutaidejieju。

zairenjuntanzujishijiezuigaodedibai,zheijie《lianheguoqihoubianhuakuangjiagongyue》diershibacidiyuefangdahui(jiancheng:cop28)dachengleyixieyouyiyidejinzhan,qizhongzuizhuyaodeshiquanqiujiejin200gediyuefangdachengyizhi,jiang“zhububaituohuashiranliao”xierulejuyouqiangzhiyueshulidezuizhongxieyiwenben。

“zheicidahuidejueyibingbushihehuashinengyuanshuo‘baibai’,shirenmen ‘kaishi’hehuashinengyuangaobie。”quanchengcanyudahui、fuzezuzhixiediaozhengfujiantanpandecop28yazhoushiwugaojiguwengaoyangduijiemianxinwenzheiyangshuo。meiguozhishubianzhigongsimscipingjiadao:zheibiaozhizhenengyuanxitongdelishixinggaibian,shehuijin200nianlaidezhuyaonengyuanlaiyuanjiangfashengzhuanbian。

ciwai,dahuidachenggongshi,dao2030nianquanqiukezaishengnengyuanrongliangzengjialiangbei、nengxiaotishengsuduzengjiayibei,jiasujianshaoweipeibeijianpaisheshidehuodian,2030nianqiandafujianshaojiawanpaifangdeng,yi“gongzheng、youxuhegongping”defangshituijinzhuanxing。

zai“zhuanxing”zheiyiguanjiancizhong,zhongguobanyanlezhongyaojiaose。

首先在开发新能源的潜力上,中国可再生能源投资连续7年居世界第一。国际能源署署长法提赫·比罗尔就在中国角的一场边会上说,中国“是清洁能源领域的冠军”。全球50%的风电设备、60%的动力电池,80%的光伏设备组件在中国生产,“这使得新能源组件的生产成本大幅度降低,风能下降了约80%,太阳能降低了约90%,为全球的可再生能源转型做出了很大的贡献。”同样参会的中国环保领域老兵、公众环境研究中心(IPE)主任马军说

tongshizheizhongxinnengyuanshengchannenglizhengzaishuchuhaiwai。lvsehepingzhongguozongfuzerenyuanyingtidao,zhongguodui“yidaiyilu”yanxianguojiafengdianguangfuchanyedefuchiduiduoguokezaishengnengyuandefazhanqidaolecong“0”dao“1”dezuoyong。zhongguohaiyushushigefazhanzhongguojiaqianshule48fenqihoubianhuanannanhezuoliangjiebeiwanglu,ranglvseditanhezuochengguohuijigengduoguojia。

“keguanlaishuo,womendepaifangliangshihenda;danconglingwaiyigejiaodushuo,womenzaiyingduiqihoubianhuadeshizhixinggongxian,yekenengshizuidade。”tengxunkechixushehuijiazhifuzongcaixuhaoduijiemianxinwenshuo,“duiyuxiangdongnanya、feizhou、ladingmeizhouhuozheshijiefanweineiqitahaichuyugongyehuaguochengzhongdefazhanzhongguojia,womendejingyanqishibimeiguo、oumengdejingyangengyoujiazhi。”canhuiqijian,xuhaoshoudaolaizimengguguocanhuirenyuandeyaoqing,xiwangjiezhuzhongguodeshuzijishu,shangtandangdifengnengtaiyangnengkaifadehezuojihui。

此外,中美两国在11月份达成的阳光之乡声明,weicop28dachengnengyuanzhuanxinggongshidiandinglejichu。“zhongmeilianggequanqiuzuidajingjiti,zaiqihoubianhuaxingdongzhongdachenghezuo,weiqihoudahuitigonglezhuyaofangxiang,”gaoyangzaicop28qijianjingenzhezhongmeiliangguodaibiaotuandui,“womenguanchadao,zhenggetanpanguocheng、yijizhongmeidaibiaodeshuangbianjiaoliuguochengdoushifeichangjijide。”bingqiedahuiqijian,zhongguo、meiguohealianqiusanguozai12yue2rigongtongjubanlequanqiudiyicijiawanyuqitafeieryanghuatanwenshiqitipaifangkongzhifenghui,biaodaleduijianshaojiawandengfeieryanghuatanwenshiqitijianpaidejuexin。

中国气候变化事务特使解振华与美国气候特使约翰·克里在大会间隙仍在积极交流 拍摄:高杨

zaizijinwentishang,dahuijiangcop27tichude“sunshiyusunhai”jijinyitiwangqiantuileyibu,kaimushourijiutongguole“sunshiyusunhai”jijinjueyi。alianqiuxuanbujiangxianggaijijintouru1yimeiyuan,daidongledeguo、yingguo、riben、meiguodengguojiajiaru。zheibizijin--xiangbishijizaoshoudeqixiangzaihaisunshirengranfeichangyouxian--jiangweishouzaidecuiruofazhanzhongguojiatigongzijinbuzhu。yihandeshi,fadaguojiameinianweifazhanzhongguojiatigong1000yimeiyuanqihouzijindechengnuoduixianbuzu,quefatoumingdu。

zheixiechengguobingbuyiweizhezheichangqihoudahuihuodelejieduanxingde“shengli”,yinweizaiqihouwentishangbingmeiyou“shengli”he“shibai”keyan。duiyuhuanjieqihouweiji,quanqiuxingdonghaiyoujudadechaju。

史上最热闹大会,400多人召集8万人开会

“cop28shiqijinweizhizuijubaorongxingdeyijielianheguoqihoubianhuadahui。”msciyataiquesgyuqihouyewuzhuguanheshilan(chitra hepburn)xiangjiemianxinwenfenxiangletacixingcanhuideganshou,“youshuqianchanghuodongzaiyigejudadeyuanquzhongjuxing,kexuejia、huoyuerenshi、jianguanhetouzijigoudecanyuchengduyebiyiwangrenheyijiedahuidouyaoduo。”tatandaoyingduiqihoubianhuaxuyaoyoubutongcanhuidaibiaodeshijiao,ercop28kenengshishougeguimozuyiyingduizheiyitiaozhandehuiyi。

weiqiliangzhoudecop28qishiyijingtiqianzhunbeileyinian。gaoyanggaosujiemianxinwen,cop28dahuizhuxizaiguoquyinianzhongfangwenleouzhou、yazhou、feizhou、meizhoudengquanqiubutongdiqubutongguojiadelingdaoren,bingtiqianyigeyuezaiabuzhabizhaokaileyubeihui,zhaoji70duogeguojiadebuzhang,yejiushicanyucopdahuizhengshitanpandehexinchengyuantiqianbiaodazijideguandianheyuqi。

jutongji,jinniancop28yueyou10wanrenzhucecanhui,renshushishangyijiede2beiduo,polelishijilu。dahuimishuchuyuzhuxiguochuqianjiejueleqianfadaguojiahexiaodaoguodaibiaotuandejiaotongyuzhusu。zuizhongzai350duowanrenkoudedibai,cop28fuzehuiyigoutong、xiediaodemishuchuhezhuxiguo400duoren(weibaokuoxianchangzhiyindengfuwurenyuan),zuzhilezuizhongcanhuide8wanduorenwanchengle13tiandetaolun。

议题讨论现场 拍摄:高杨

chulezhuhuichangdeyititaolun、butongtanpanxiaozudecuoshang,cop28zhuximeitianyueyouchaoguo10changshuangbianhuiyizailanqu(juxingqihoutanpandehuichang)jinxing。jinrulanqudezhongguodaibiaotuanbaokuozhengfudaibiao、meiti、qiye、ngotuantidenggongyou2000duoren,canyutanpandedaibiaozaihouqimeitianzhilaidejishuijigexiaoshi。qizhongzuifanmangdezhongguojiaozaidahuiqijiangongjubanle100duochangbianhui。zaixianggongzhongkaifangdelvqu,yejinxingzhexingshiduoyangdegezhongluntan、zhanlan、biaoyan、gongzuofangdeng。

tengxunkechixushehuijiazhifuzongcaixuhaoshangyicicanjiaqihoudahuishizai2009nian,yuanbenzaineiyiniantichudejiangquanqiupingjunshengwenfudujiaogongyegemingqianxianzhizai2sheshiduneidemubiao,6nianhoucailuodao《balixieding》dewenbenzhong。“dangshidedahuilingrenhuixin,haiyoubushaorenzhiyiqihoubianhuashifouzhendezhidetaolun,erjinnianmingxianganjuedao,yingduiqihoubianhuadegongshiyijingdachengle。”xuhaoshuo。

alianqiubenshenyemianlinjiduantianqideweixie。jinnian7、8yuefen,duogezhongdongdiquguojiajinglilejiduangaowentianqi,daozhidianligongyingjinzhang、ganhanjiaju、qihouhuanjingehua。dibaixiajichaoguo50sheshidudegaowen,shidetesila、polestarjixingxuanzezaidangdizuoqidiandongchedejiduanqihouceshi。

kaimuqianyitian,shijieqixiangzuzhizaicop28fabule《quanqiuqihouzhuangkuanglinshibaogao》cheng,2023nianjiangchengweiyoujiluyilaizuiredeyinian,quanqiupingjunqiwenbigongyehuaqianshuipinggaochu1.4sheshidu。2011zhi2020nianzeshiyoujiluyilaizuiredeshinian。wenshiqitinongdudechixushangsheng,shideludihehaiyangwendudouchuanglejilu,bingjijujiasubingxueronghuahehaipingmianshangsheng。

 “wodeganjueshi,qihouweijidejinpoxingyuelaiyueqiangle。dahuiqijianshijieqixiangzuzhidebaogao、yingguoyanjiujigoudelinjiedianbaogao,buduancijizherenmendeshenjing。”lvsehepingzhongguozongfuzerenyuanyingshuo。

20nianqianlianheguozhengfujianqihoubianhuazhuanmenweiyuanhuitichule“qihoulinjiedian”degainian,yidanyueguozheixielinjiediansuodaibiaodeyuzhi,qihouxitongjiangfashengjudaqietongchangbukenidedebianhua。12yue6rifabude《quanqiulinjiedian》baogaozhichu,5geqihou“linjiedian”youkenengbeichufa,baokuowenshuishanhujiaodaliangsiwang、gelinlandaobinggaihenanjixibubinggaironghua、beidaxiyangcijidihuanliudezhongduan,yijiyixieyongjiudongtuquxiaoshi。

ju《》tongji,diqiubingchuanmeinianbianboyue1mi,zheihuiduishubaiwanrendegongshuizaochengzhangqiyingxiang;ernanjidalubinggaizaizheigeshinianjianshaodebingliangbishangyishinianduole75%,jiangweijidiwayanhaidiquheguojiadeshengcun。

taipingyangdaoguofeijicong1993nianyilaiguanchadao,gaiguohaipingmianpingjunmeinianzenggao6haomi。2012nian,feijibeibuwanuadaodewuniduogeluoacun,shidiyigeyinhaishuishangzhangerbeipobanqiandecunzhuang。2017nianjumeitibaodao,feijijihuajiang40duogecunluoqianyidaogaodi。qihoubianhuajifeijidailailejingjisunshi、renkouqianyi、hongshuizaihaihechuanranbing。

zheiyeshidexiaodaoyuguojialianmeng(aosis)shiqihoudahuishangzuijiliebiaodataotaihuashinengyuanyiyuandedaibiao。“nimenyourenzaitanpanzhongdiaozhengyigeduanluohuoyigedanci(zhiduihuashinengyuandebiaoshu,yong“taotai”haishi“jianshao”huozhe“jiasuzhuanxing”),erwomendedaoyushijishangzhengzaichenmei。”lvsehepingtaipingyangdiqufuzerenshiva goundenzaihuishangshuo。

jinniandejiduantianqiyijingqiaoxinglegengduorendeqihouyishi。woguojinglieerninuodailaidegaowenhejiduanjiangshui,ouzhounanbuhebeifeimianlinjiduangaowen,qunianhejinnianbajisitanlianxuzaoyuhongzai,jinnian8yuemeiguoxiaweiyimaoyidaofashengbainianlaizhisirenshuzuiduodeyehuo,yicicishuaxinrenmenduijiduanqihouweiliderenzhi。

jiduantianqidailaidejingjisunshijiaju。yinzaoyu1950nianyoujiluyilaizuiyanzhongdeganhan,banamayunhejinniandetonghangliangdafujianshao,xiadiaodaxingjizhuangxiangchuanzaiyunliangyujishiyunhenianshourujianshao1.5-2yimeiyuan。ribenyucedao2050nian,youyuqiwenshangshengdaozhidejiduanbaoyutianqi,jiangjiqizaocheng7.8wanyiriyuandesunshi。weileyingduiyuelaiyuepinfandezhimingbaoyu,ribenkexuejiaxiangdongyongqixianggongchenggaibiantianqi。danrenmendekexuejishuhaimeidaonengzhangwobingyingxiangfuzatianqixitongdechengdu,lirumeiguoxiangyaokongzhijufengdexiangmuyemeiyoudadaoyuqi。

shijieqixiangzuzhizhichu,2022nian,gaowen、ganhanhehongshuidengjiduantianqizaihaiduiquanqiushubaiwanrenzaochengyingxiang,dailaidejingjisunshidashushiyimeiyuan。guoqu7nian,meiguozaocheng10yimeiyuanyishangsunshidetianqizaihaida121qi。woguodeziliaotongji,1991nianzhi2020nian,zhongguopingjunmeinianqixiangzaihaizhijiejingjisunshiwei2587.3yiyuan。qihoubianhuaduirenleishehui、jingjixitongdechongjizhengzaileijia。

我们距离1.5摄氏度有多远,2摄氏度呢?

ruguodiqiushijiadagongsi,neiqihoudahuikenengshizheijiagongsimeinianyaochulidezuifuzayiti。jinniandequanqiupandian,jiushiquanqiuhuizong2020nianyilairenmenyingduiqihoubianhuadenuli,ranhouduibizheixienulijulishixian《balixieding》“2sheshiduyinei、jinliangkongzhizai1.5sheshidu”demubiaoyouduoyuan。

“genjulianheguo2023niandebaogao,muqianquanqiudejianpainuliheguojiazizhugongxian(ndc)yujiangquanqiushengwenxianzhizai1.5sheshidudemubiaoshangbuyizhi,”msci esgyuqihouyanjiubuyataiquzhuguanwangxiaoshuzhichu,zaidangqiandendcjichushang,yaozai2030nianjiangshengwenkongzhizai1.5sheshidu,quanqiuhaixuyaoewai20.3-23.9gtdeeryanghuatandangliangjianpai—xiangdangyu2023nianquanqiutanpaifangliangdeyibanduo(yuce2023nianquanqiutanpai366yidun)。

genjumsci 《jinglingzhuizongbaogao》shuju,msci quanqiuketouzishichangzhishuchengfengugongsizi《balixieding》qianshuyilaipaifangle85.6gtdeeryanghuatandangliang,yaoshixian1.5℃dewenkongmubiao,quanqiushangshigongsidepaifangyusuanjinsheng33.4gt。

“womenyaokandaomuqianxingdonghemubiaozhijiandechaju。”yuanyingshuo,lianheguojinnian9yuefenfabuleyifenquanqiupandianzonghebaogao,xiangbi2010niandeyuce(daobenshijimoshengwenhuidadao3.7zhi4.8sheshidu),jiyuxianyoujianpaijucuodeyuceshishengwenfuduwei2.4-2.6sheshidu。“chajukendingshidade,danbingbushishuo1.5sheshidujiudabudaole。womenyidingshiyaowangzheigefangxiangqunuli。”tabuchongshuo。

yaojiangquanqiushengwenfuduxianzhizai1.5°cyinei,shouciquanqiupandianhuiguleguoqudenuli,bingjichuleweilaiquanmianjiejuelujing,fugaijianhuan、shiying、sunshisunhai、zijin、jishu、nenglijianshe、toumingdudeng。qizhongzaijianhuanfangmiantichu:jiangjichunengyuanconghuashiranliaozhuanxiangkezaishengnengyuan,zai2030nianqianjiangwenshiqitipaifangliangxiangbi2019nianjianshao43%,dao2035nianjianshao60%。

“yaoshixianzheiyimubiaohuifeichangjiannan,”gaoyangbiaoshi,1.5sheshidudemubiaoshiquanqiudepingjunwendu,shijishangyijingyouyixieguojiachaoguole1.5sheshidushengwenfudu,butongguojiadebiaoxianchajujuda。

zheizaicop28guanyuhuashinengyuandejueyishangyousuotixian。xieyiwenbenzuizhongshanqule“taotaihuashiranliao”deshuofa,diaozhengwei“yigongzheng、youxu、gongpingdefangshi,zainengyuanxitongzhuanxingzhongbaituohuashiranliao,zaizheiguanjiande10nianjiakuaixingdong,yibianzai2050nianshixianyukexuexiangfudejinglingpaifang”—zheiyijingshisuoyouguojianengdachengyizhidezuidapingheng。

“应对气候变化应当坚持公平、‘共同但有区别的责任’、各自能力原则,考虑到不同国情。在案文磋商阶段,我们注意到不同国家间的分歧,对于财政收入百分之八九shilaizishiyouhetianranqidebufenfazhanzhongguojia,ruguotaotaihuashinengyuan,tamenyinggairuhefazhan?qitafazhanzhongguojiayoudefanduiyoudezhichi,youqishirengyituohuashinengyuanfazhanjingji、zishendianligongyingdoubuzudeguojiashifanduitaotaide;oumeng、yingguoyijiaodaliyadengguojiayijingdaohougongyehuajieduan,qiangliezhichitaotai;erxiaodaoguozeshiqiangliehuyutaotaihuashinengyuan。”gaoyanggaosujiemianxinwen。

jinguandahuijueyiqiangdiaodafuxuejianhuashiranliaodeshiyonghexiaofei,danyetidaoguoduxingranliaozai “cujinnengyuanzhuanxing,bingquebaonengyuananquan”dejiaose。

weilecujinzhuanxing,qihouzijinjiangfahuizhongyaodepinghengheguoduzuoyong,fazhanzhongguojiaxuyaozijinlaijiakuaixinnengyuantixidejianshe。juyuce,weileshixianquanqiuqihoumubiao,dao2030nianquanqiumeinianxuchouji4.3wanyimeiyuandeqihouxiangguanzijin,muqiandezijinquekouyexuyaotianbu。

“1.5°cmubiaojihuichuangkouzhengzaiguanbi,quanqiupandiandeyiyizaiyubangzhugeguoshulibingrenkezheizhongchaju,bingxingchengnengjiuzhengpianchadejutijucuo,”shangdaozonghenglingtanshouxizhuanjiacaoyuanduijiemianxinwenpingjia,“quanqiupandiandiandinglehouxugeguogengxindendcs(zhi2035nian)dedixian,ruguoweinengduiqiquanqiupandiandegongshi、huobeirenweiquefaxiongxin,zemianlinguojishehuidezhize,zheijiushi《balixieding》xiaqudongjitixingdongxiang1.5°cmubiaoshouliandeokrjizhi”。ndcsshizhigeguogenjuzishenqingkuangzhidingdeqihoubianhuaxingdongmubiao,baokuowenshiqitikongzhimubiao、shiyingmubiao、zijinhejishuzhichideng。

caoyuanjiangquanqiupandianbiyuweizhidingqihouxingdongokrsuoxuyaode“jilunjizhi”,jijianglianxuzhuandonghuowangfanyundongzhuanbianweidanxiangyundong,fangzhinizhuan,zhijinbutui。“mei5nianzhengqunengshoujinjizhunyidian,baozhangbingzhujianqujinzhangqimubiao。quanqiupandiandebiaoxiantixianleyouguojiazizhuzhidingmubiaodejizhixiaolv,yiranshixianlebubushouliandeyuqi,keyichengweikaoyanguoguan。”tashuodao。

msciqihoubianhuatouziyanjiubumenzhixingdongshisylvain vanstonzerenwei,zheicifenghuichenggongdachengxieyi,“zhengmingleduobianzhuyiduiyuquanqiuyingduiqihoubianhuayouzhongyaoyiyi”。

“deyiyuzailianheguoqihoufenghuisuoqudedejincheng,gonggonghesiyingbumendelingxiudouduiqihoufengxianyoulegengshenrudelejie。ruguomeiyouzheixiefenghui,zhengfuheqiyebianbuhuiyoudongliqutigaoqihoumubiao,quanqiujingjituotandeluxiantuyebuhuicunzai,fazhanzhongguojiayebuhuiyouqihouzhuanxingsuoxudekuangjiahuozijin。”sylvain vanstonpingjiacheng。

参与大会的中国身影

canyucop28de200duogeguojiaxiangqiyefachuleyigexinxi:ruguoshehuiyaojiangcop28dachengdexieyizhuanhuaweishizhixingdong,qiyejiubixugaibianqixiaoshoudechanpin、shengchanfangshihuogongyingshang。

hualongjituanzongcailiuchangjinniandiercicanjiaqihoudahui,tamenshizhongguoshoujiaxuanbutanzhongheguihuadegongwujigongsi。hualongdeappkeyirangkehuchakanzijizheitanghangbandetanpaifangqingkuang,bingzaijijicaigoukechixuhangkongranyou(saf)。“wozaihuichangkandaobutongxingyeqiyedeqihoushijian,biruyoujiazuolvsehuanbaoshipindeqiye,woxiangwomenkeyigengduobazheileishipinfangzaiwomendelvsehuanbaocanheli,tigongjikehu。”liuchangduijiemianxinwenfenxiangcanhuiganshou,“henduoqiyezailvsehuanbaofangmianyoujiujie,yinweihuanbaojucuoyiweizhefangqiyibufenlirun、tourugengduochengben,danzheishidaqushi,burutizaobuju。”

cop28delvquchuchuangcunzhongyou100duojiaqihoulingyujishuchuchuanggongsi,hangaikechixujiaotong、nongye、taiyangnengdengduogelingyu。chuanglengkejishiyijiayiwudianzhilengtucengweihexinchanpindekejichuchuanggongsi,zaicicicop28dahuizhong,gongsichuangshirenzhiyizhuyihaoboshizaiweiyulvqudechuchuangcunzhongzhanshitamendeyewu,tagaosujiemianxinwen,“zhongdongshigongsidemubiaoshichangzhiyi,zheiciliandongzhongdongdiqudailishangyiqicanjiacop28dahuilaituidonggongsidechuangxinjishu,haixiwangzuoyixieshangwutuozhan。”yingduizhongdongzaowanwenchadadehuanjing,tamenkaifaleyikuanyoudanxingdetuliao,yijingzaidibaigouwuzhongxinheabuzhabideqiuzhangwanggongyingyong。

yongxuquanqiuhuanjingyanjiusuogaojixiangmuguanyuanchenyunzhuzebijiaoguanxinquanqiunongcundiqudenengyuanzhuanxingwenti。“guangdanongcunmaibuqixinnengyuanshebei,xuyaonenggouguimohuanongcunxinnengyuanshichangdechuangxinjizhi。”tamenyurenliziyuanhebaohujijinhuihezuo,zaijuyoujigaotaiyangnengqianlideyindunixiyakaizhanhezuo,bangzhuweiyuyindunixiyafudi、dichujijubaohujiazhidesenlinzhongde54genongcunjiating,weitamentigongkezaishengnengyuan。

tengxuntanzhongheshiyanshizaidahuishangfabuleditanjishupingtaitanliveguojiban,pingtaiyongyuduijiegeleiditanchuangxinjishu、jigou、kehu、meitihetouzizhe。“bujinshizaiguoneituidongpingtaidegongzuo,yezaishijiequanqiufanweineixunzhaozuihaodeditanjishuchuangxin,ranhouzhaodaozuihaodechangjingquyingyong,zhaodaozuihaodeshichang,nengrangzheixiechuangxinjishugenghaodifazhanheshangyehua。”xuhaoshuo。

tacanjialebiergaicidetuponengyuanfengxiantouzigongsi(bev)dehuodong,faxiantamentouzideyixieditanjishu,zaizhongguoyeyouqiyezaizuo。birutanxunjihua(touzizhichiccusjishudejihua)liyoujiaqiyeyongdianhuaxuefangfa,jiangeryanghuatanhaiyuanchengyiyanghuatan,ranhoujialvqinglaizhizuojiachun、yierchun、yichun,zaiyanshenshengchanchugezhongsuliaohuohuaxuecailiao,keyiyingyongdaorichangshenghuodefangfangmianmian。

“bevzaihaiwaiyoutouzheiyangdegongsi,womenyexuanchuleleisideqiye,zheixieqiyedoushizaiquanqiufanweineishaixuanzhengqude,erzheiyangdeqiyezaialabobandaodiquzheizhongrizhaotiaojianchongzudeshichang,youhenheshidefazhankongjian,dianjieshuizhiqingdechengbenyegengdi,haikeyiyudangdidechuantongyouqixingyezuopipei,bangzhuzhuanxing。”xuhaoxiangjiemianxinwenfenxiang,zaidahuixingchengzhong,tamenyezaigenzhongdongdetouzirenhemasidaercheng(alianqiuguihuazhongdehuanbaocheng)kaifaguanweihuijiaoliujishuluodidekenengxing。

“chuleyijinglingxiandetaiyangnengfengnengdengjishu,zhongguoshishijieshangzuihaodeditanjishushiyanchangzhiyi,”xuhaorenwei,“zhongguocongxianzaidao2030nian、2040nian,kenengdouhuishiquanqiugezhongditanjishushidiantebiehuoyuedequyu。”zheicicop28fabulequanqiuditanchuangxinlianmeng,tengxunyecanyuqizhong,ciwaihaiyouweiruan、linkedin、ximenzi、shinaide、maikenxi、yazhoujichusheshitouziyinxingdengqiye。

qinghuadaxuewankegonggongweishengyujiankangxueyuanjiaoshouhuangcunruizeguanzhudao,jinnianqihoudahuifeichangzhongshijiankangyiti。“henduotaolundouziranerranditandaoduirenleijiankangdeyingxiang,jiankangbeirenweishiyingduiqihoubianhuadeyigehexinmubiao。youqiyaobaohucuiruorenqunmianshouqihoubianhuadechongji。”huangcunruigaosujiemianxinwen,“yinciwomenyaojiakuaishiyingzijindemujiheluodi,duikenengshouyingxiangdeguojiaherenqunjiyubangzhu。”

canjiawancop28shougejiankangrihuodong,yazhouqingjiekongqizhongxinbeijingdaibiaochushouxidaibiaofulujiangshulezijideganshou。“zheishicopshouciweiraoqihoujiankangyitizhankaizhuanmenyantao,zaihuichangneiwaidouyinfaleduofanggaoduguanzhu。youweifayanzhebiaoshi,tadenvergaosuta,buyaozaizhishuojiangqiwenkongzhizaijidu,eryaogaosugongzhongqihoubianhuajijiankangdailaideyingxiang,zuochugaibiankeyidailaiduoshaojiankangxiaoyi,zheiyifenxiangjiwoliuxialeshenkeyinxiang。” 

zaicop28shang,jin120geguojiaqianshuleyifenguanyuqihouyujiankangdexuanyan。zaifulukanlai,chuxicop28deweishengbuzhangrenshuchuangxiajilu、jin120geguojiaqianshuqihouyujiankangxuanyandengbiaozhixingshijian,yiweizheguojishehuiyuelaiyuezhongshiqihoujiankangyiti,bingzhubujiangrenshizhuanhuaweixingdong。

cop29、cop30muqianquedingjiangfenbiezaiasaibaijiang、baxijuban。2025nianbaxijubandecop30dahuishang,geguojiangtijiaoxinyilundeguojiazizhugongxian(ndcs),yejiangshifeichangzhongyaodeyingduiqihouwentijiedian。

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【深度】考核人类气候行动的COP28结束,我们距离“安全着陆”有多远?

2025nianbaxijubandecop30dahuishang,geguojiangtijiaoxinyilundeguojiazizhugongxian(ndcs),zheijiangshixiayigefeichangzhongyaodeyingduiqihouwentijiedian。

来源:视觉中国

界面新闻记者 | 郑萃颖 周苏蕾 李讯 刘益 赵思棋

界面新闻编辑 | 李慎

zairenmenyingduiqihouwentideboyishishangdagaihuizheimexie:gongyuan2023nian,renmenweilejianhuanqihoubianhuaerzuzhideguojihuiyishang,huashinengyuanshoucibeixieshangweilaijiangtuichuwutaidejieju。

zairenjuntanzujishijiezuigaodedibai,zheijie《lianheguoqihoubianhuakuangjiagongyue》diershibacidiyuefangdahui(jiancheng:cop28)dachengleyixieyouyiyidejinzhan,qizhongzuizhuyaodeshiquanqiujiejin200gediyuefangdachengyizhi,jiang“zhububaituohuashiranliao”xierulejuyouqiangzhiyueshulidezuizhongxieyiwenben。

“zheicidahuidejueyibingbushihehuashinengyuanshuo‘baibai’,shirenmen ‘kaishi’hehuashinengyuangaobie。”quanchengcanyudahui、fuzezuzhixiediaozhengfujiantanpandecop28yazhoushiwugaojiguwengaoyangduijiemianxinwenzheiyangshuo。meiguozhishubianzhigongsimscipingjiadao:zheibiaozhizhenengyuanxitongdelishixinggaibian,shehuijin200nianlaidezhuyaonengyuanlaiyuanjiangfashengzhuanbian。

ciwai,dahuidachenggongshi,dao2030nianquanqiukezaishengnengyuanrongliangzengjialiangbei、nengxiaotishengsuduzengjiayibei,jiasujianshaoweipeibeijianpaisheshidehuodian,2030nianqiandafujianshaojiawanpaifangdeng,yi“gongzheng、youxuhegongping”defangshituijinzhuanxing。

zai“zhuanxing”zheiyiguanjiancizhong,zhongguobanyanlezhongyaojiaose。

首先在开发新能源的潜力上,中国可再生能源投资连续7年居世界第一。国际能源署署长法提赫·比罗尔就在中国角的一场边会上说,中国“是清洁能源领域的冠军”。全球50%的风电设备、60%的动力电池,80%的光伏设备组件在中国生产,“这使得新能源组件的生产成本大幅度降低,风能下降了约80%,太阳能降低了约90%,为全球的可再生能源转型做出了很大的贡献。”同样参会的中国环保领域老兵、公众环境研究中心(IPE)主任马军说

tongshizheizhongxinnengyuanshengchannenglizhengzaishuchuhaiwai。lvsehepingzhongguozongfuzerenyuanyingtidao,zhongguodui“yidaiyilu”yanxianguojiafengdianguangfuchanyedefuchiduiduoguokezaishengnengyuandefazhanqidaolecong“0”dao“1”dezuoyong。zhongguohaiyushushigefazhanzhongguojiaqianshule48fenqihoubianhuanannanhezuoliangjiebeiwanglu,ranglvseditanhezuochengguohuijigengduoguojia。

“keguanlaishuo,womendepaifangliangshihenda;danconglingwaiyigejiaodushuo,womenzaiyingduiqihoubianhuadeshizhixinggongxian,yekenengshizuidade。”tengxunkechixushehuijiazhifuzongcaixuhaoduijiemianxinwenshuo,“duiyuxiangdongnanya、feizhou、ladingmeizhouhuozheshijiefanweineiqitahaichuyugongyehuaguochengzhongdefazhanzhongguojia,womendejingyanqishibimeiguo、oumengdejingyangengyoujiazhi。”canhuiqijian,xuhaoshoudaolaizimengguguocanhuirenyuandeyaoqing,xiwangjiezhuzhongguodeshuzijishu,shangtandangdifengnengtaiyangnengkaifadehezuojihui。

此外,中美两国在11月份达成的阳光之乡声明,weicop28dachengnengyuanzhuanxinggongshidiandinglejichu。“zhongmeilianggequanqiuzuidajingjiti,zaiqihoubianhuaxingdongzhongdachenghezuo,weiqihoudahuitigonglezhuyaofangxiang,”gaoyangzaicop28qijianjingenzhezhongmeiliangguodaibiaotuandui,“womenguanchadao,zhenggetanpanguocheng、yijizhongmeidaibiaodeshuangbianjiaoliuguochengdoushifeichangjijide。”bingqiedahuiqijian,zhongguo、meiguohealianqiusanguozai12yue2rigongtongjubanlequanqiudiyicijiawanyuqitafeieryanghuatanwenshiqitipaifangkongzhifenghui,biaodaleduijianshaojiawandengfeieryanghuatanwenshiqitijianpaidejuexin。

中国气候变化事务特使解振华与美国气候特使约翰·克里在大会间隙仍在积极交流 拍摄:高杨

zaizijinwentishang,dahuijiangcop27tichude“sunshiyusunhai”jijinyitiwangqiantuileyibu,kaimushourijiutongguole“sunshiyusunhai”jijinjueyi。alianqiuxuanbujiangxianggaijijintouru1yimeiyuan,daidongledeguo、yingguo、riben、meiguodengguojiajiaru。zheibizijin--xiangbishijizaoshoudeqixiangzaihaisunshirengranfeichangyouxian--jiangweishouzaidecuiruofazhanzhongguojiatigongzijinbuzhu。yihandeshi,fadaguojiameinianweifazhanzhongguojiatigong1000yimeiyuanqihouzijindechengnuoduixianbuzu,quefatoumingdu。

zheixiechengguobingbuyiweizhezheichangqihoudahuihuodelejieduanxingde“shengli”,yinweizaiqihouwentishangbingmeiyou“shengli”he“shibai”keyan。duiyuhuanjieqihouweiji,quanqiuxingdonghaiyoujudadechaju。

史上最热闹大会,400多人召集8万人开会

“cop28shiqijinweizhizuijubaorongxingdeyijielianheguoqihoubianhuadahui。”msciyataiquesgyuqihouyewuzhuguanheshilan(chitra hepburn)xiangjiemianxinwenfenxiangletacixingcanhuideganshou,“youshuqianchanghuodongzaiyigejudadeyuanquzhongjuxing,kexuejia、huoyuerenshi、jianguanhetouzijigoudecanyuchengduyebiyiwangrenheyijiedahuidouyaoduo。”tatandaoyingduiqihoubianhuaxuyaoyoubutongcanhuidaibiaodeshijiao,ercop28kenengshishougeguimozuyiyingduizheiyitiaozhandehuiyi。

weiqiliangzhoudecop28qishiyijingtiqianzhunbeileyinian。gaoyanggaosujiemianxinwen,cop28dahuizhuxizaiguoquyinianzhongfangwenleouzhou、yazhou、feizhou、meizhoudengquanqiubutongdiqubutongguojiadelingdaoren,bingtiqianyigeyuezaiabuzhabizhaokaileyubeihui,zhaoji70duogeguojiadebuzhang,yejiushicanyucopdahuizhengshitanpandehexinchengyuantiqianbiaodazijideguandianheyuqi。

jutongji,jinniancop28yueyou10wanrenzhucecanhui,renshushishangyijiede2beiduo,polelishijilu。dahuimishuchuyuzhuxiguochuqianjiejueleqianfadaguojiahexiaodaoguodaibiaotuandejiaotongyuzhusu。zuizhongzai350duowanrenkoudedibai,cop28fuzehuiyigoutong、xiediaodemishuchuhezhuxiguo400duoren(weibaokuoxianchangzhiyindengfuwurenyuan),zuzhilezuizhongcanhuide8wanduorenwanchengle13tiandetaolun。

议题讨论现场 拍摄:高杨

chulezhuhuichangdeyititaolun、butongtanpanxiaozudecuoshang,cop28zhuximeitianyueyouchaoguo10changshuangbianhuiyizailanqu(juxingqihoutanpandehuichang)jinxing。jinrulanqudezhongguodaibiaotuanbaokuozhengfudaibiao、meiti、qiye、ngotuantidenggongyou2000duoren,canyutanpandedaibiaozaihouqimeitianzhilaidejishuijigexiaoshi。qizhongzuifanmangdezhongguojiaozaidahuiqijiangongjubanle100duochangbianhui。zaixianggongzhongkaifangdelvqu,yejinxingzhexingshiduoyangdegezhongluntan、zhanlan、biaoyan、gongzuofangdeng。

tengxunkechixushehuijiazhifuzongcaixuhaoshangyicicanjiaqihoudahuishizai2009nian,yuanbenzaineiyiniantichudejiangquanqiupingjunshengwenfudujiaogongyegemingqianxianzhizai2sheshiduneidemubiao,6nianhoucailuodao《balixieding》dewenbenzhong。“dangshidedahuilingrenhuixin,haiyoubushaorenzhiyiqihoubianhuashifouzhendezhidetaolun,erjinnianmingxianganjuedao,yingduiqihoubianhuadegongshiyijingdachengle。”xuhaoshuo。

alianqiubenshenyemianlinjiduantianqideweixie。jinnian7、8yuefen,duogezhongdongdiquguojiajinglilejiduangaowentianqi,daozhidianligongyingjinzhang、ganhanjiaju、qihouhuanjingehua。dibaixiajichaoguo50sheshidudegaowen,shidetesila、polestarjixingxuanzezaidangdizuoqidiandongchedejiduanqihouceshi。

kaimuqianyitian,shijieqixiangzuzhizaicop28fabule《quanqiuqihouzhuangkuanglinshibaogao》cheng,2023nianjiangchengweiyoujiluyilaizuiredeyinian,quanqiupingjunqiwenbigongyehuaqianshuipinggaochu1.4sheshidu。2011zhi2020nianzeshiyoujiluyilaizuiredeshinian。wenshiqitinongdudechixushangsheng,shideludihehaiyangwendudouchuanglejilu,bingjijujiasubingxueronghuahehaipingmianshangsheng。

 “wodeganjueshi,qihouweijidejinpoxingyuelaiyueqiangle。dahuiqijianshijieqixiangzuzhidebaogao、yingguoyanjiujigoudelinjiedianbaogao,buduancijizherenmendeshenjing。”lvsehepingzhongguozongfuzerenyuanyingshuo。

20nianqianlianheguozhengfujianqihoubianhuazhuanmenweiyuanhuitichule“qihoulinjiedian”degainian,yidanyueguozheixielinjiediansuodaibiaodeyuzhi,qihouxitongjiangfashengjudaqietongchangbukenidedebianhua。12yue6rifabude《quanqiulinjiedian》baogaozhichu,5geqihou“linjiedian”youkenengbeichufa,baokuowenshuishanhujiaodaliangsiwang、gelinlandaobinggaihenanjixibubinggaironghua、beidaxiyangcijidihuanliudezhongduan,yijiyixieyongjiudongtuquxiaoshi。

ju《》tongji,diqiubingchuanmeinianbianboyue1mi,zheihuiduishubaiwanrendegongshuizaochengzhangqiyingxiang;ernanjidalubinggaizaizheigeshinianjianshaodebingliangbishangyishinianduole75%,jiangweijidiwayanhaidiquheguojiadeshengcun。

taipingyangdaoguofeijicong1993nianyilaiguanchadao,gaiguohaipingmianpingjunmeinianzenggao6haomi。2012nian,feijibeibuwanuadaodewuniduogeluoacun,shidiyigeyinhaishuishangzhangerbeipobanqiandecunzhuang。2017nianjumeitibaodao,feijijihuajiang40duogecunluoqianyidaogaodi。qihoubianhuajifeijidailailejingjisunshi、renkouqianyi、hongshuizaihaihechuanranbing。

zheiyeshidexiaodaoyuguojialianmeng(aosis)shiqihoudahuishangzuijiliebiaodataotaihuashinengyuanyiyuandedaibiao。“nimenyourenzaitanpanzhongdiaozhengyigeduanluohuoyigedanci(zhiduihuashinengyuandebiaoshu,yong“taotai”haishi“jianshao”huozhe“jiasuzhuanxing”),erwomendedaoyushijishangzhengzaichenmei。”lvsehepingtaipingyangdiqufuzerenshiva goundenzaihuishangshuo。

jinniandejiduantianqiyijingqiaoxinglegengduorendeqihouyishi。woguojinglieerninuodailaidegaowenhejiduanjiangshui,ouzhounanbuhebeifeimianlinjiduangaowen,qunianhejinnianbajisitanlianxuzaoyuhongzai,jinnian8yuemeiguoxiaweiyimaoyidaofashengbainianlaizhisirenshuzuiduodeyehuo,yicicishuaxinrenmenduijiduanqihouweiliderenzhi。

jiduantianqidailaidejingjisunshijiaju。yinzaoyu1950nianyoujiluyilaizuiyanzhongdeganhan,banamayunhejinniandetonghangliangdafujianshao,xiadiaodaxingjizhuangxiangchuanzaiyunliangyujishiyunhenianshourujianshao1.5-2yimeiyuan。ribenyucedao2050nian,youyuqiwenshangshengdaozhidejiduanbaoyutianqi,jiangjiqizaocheng7.8wanyiriyuandesunshi。weileyingduiyuelaiyuepinfandezhimingbaoyu,ribenkexuejiaxiangdongyongqixianggongchenggaibiantianqi。danrenmendekexuejishuhaimeidaonengzhangwobingyingxiangfuzatianqixitongdechengdu,lirumeiguoxiangyaokongzhijufengdexiangmuyemeiyoudadaoyuqi。

shijieqixiangzuzhizhichu,2022nian,gaowen、ganhanhehongshuidengjiduantianqizaihaiduiquanqiushubaiwanrenzaochengyingxiang,dailaidejingjisunshidashushiyimeiyuan。guoqu7nian,meiguozaocheng10yimeiyuanyishangsunshidetianqizaihaida121qi。woguodeziliaotongji,1991nianzhi2020nian,zhongguopingjunmeinianqixiangzaihaizhijiejingjisunshiwei2587.3yiyuan。qihoubianhuaduirenleishehui、jingjixitongdechongjizhengzaileijia。

我们距离1.5摄氏度有多远,2摄氏度呢?

ruguodiqiushijiadagongsi,neiqihoudahuikenengshizheijiagongsimeinianyaochulidezuifuzayiti。jinniandequanqiupandian,jiushiquanqiuhuizong2020nianyilairenmenyingduiqihoubianhuadenuli,ranhouduibizheixienulijulishixian《balixieding》“2sheshiduyinei、jinliangkongzhizai1.5sheshidu”demubiaoyouduoyuan。

“genjulianheguo2023niandebaogao,muqianquanqiudejianpainuliheguojiazizhugongxian(ndc)yujiangquanqiushengwenxianzhizai1.5sheshidudemubiaoshangbuyizhi,”msci esgyuqihouyanjiubuyataiquzhuguanwangxiaoshuzhichu,zaidangqiandendcjichushang,yaozai2030nianjiangshengwenkongzhizai1.5sheshidu,quanqiuhaixuyaoewai20.3-23.9gtdeeryanghuatandangliangjianpai—xiangdangyu2023nianquanqiutanpaifangliangdeyibanduo(yuce2023nianquanqiutanpai366yidun)。

genjumsci 《jinglingzhuizongbaogao》shuju,msci quanqiuketouzishichangzhishuchengfengugongsizi《balixieding》qianshuyilaipaifangle85.6gtdeeryanghuatandangliang,yaoshixian1.5℃dewenkongmubiao,quanqiushangshigongsidepaifangyusuanjinsheng33.4gt。

“womenyaokandaomuqianxingdonghemubiaozhijiandechaju。”yuanyingshuo,lianheguojinnian9yuefenfabuleyifenquanqiupandianzonghebaogao,xiangbi2010niandeyuce(daobenshijimoshengwenhuidadao3.7zhi4.8sheshidu),jiyuxianyoujianpaijucuodeyuceshishengwenfuduwei2.4-2.6sheshidu。“chajukendingshidade,danbingbushishuo1.5sheshidujiudabudaole。womenyidingshiyaowangzheigefangxiangqunuli。”tabuchongshuo。

yaojiangquanqiushengwenfuduxianzhizai1.5°cyinei,shouciquanqiupandianhuiguleguoqudenuli,bingjichuleweilaiquanmianjiejuelujing,fugaijianhuan、shiying、sunshisunhai、zijin、jishu、nenglijianshe、toumingdudeng。qizhongzaijianhuanfangmiantichu:jiangjichunengyuanconghuashiranliaozhuanxiangkezaishengnengyuan,zai2030nianqianjiangwenshiqitipaifangliangxiangbi2019nianjianshao43%,dao2035nianjianshao60%。

“yaoshixianzheiyimubiaohuifeichangjiannan,”gaoyangbiaoshi,1.5sheshidudemubiaoshiquanqiudepingjunwendu,shijishangyijingyouyixieguojiachaoguole1.5sheshidushengwenfudu,butongguojiadebiaoxianchajujuda。

zheizaicop28guanyuhuashinengyuandejueyishangyousuotixian。xieyiwenbenzuizhongshanqule“taotaihuashiranliao”deshuofa,diaozhengwei“yigongzheng、youxu、gongpingdefangshi,zainengyuanxitongzhuanxingzhongbaituohuashiranliao,zaizheiguanjiande10nianjiakuaixingdong,yibianzai2050nianshixianyukexuexiangfudejinglingpaifang”—zheiyijingshisuoyouguojianengdachengyizhidezuidapingheng。

“应对气候变化应当坚持公平、‘共同但有区别的责任’、各自能力原则,考虑到不同国情。在案文磋商阶段,我们注意到不同国家间的分歧,对于财政收入百分之八九shilaizishiyouhetianranqidebufenfazhanzhongguojia,ruguotaotaihuashinengyuan,tamenyinggairuhefazhan?qitafazhanzhongguojiayoudefanduiyoudezhichi,youqishirengyituohuashinengyuanfazhanjingji、zishendianligongyingdoubuzudeguojiashifanduitaotaide;oumeng、yingguoyijiaodaliyadengguojiayijingdaohougongyehuajieduan,qiangliezhichitaotai;erxiaodaoguozeshiqiangliehuyutaotaihuashinengyuan。”gaoyanggaosujiemianxinwen。

jinguandahuijueyiqiangdiaodafuxuejianhuashiranliaodeshiyonghexiaofei,danyetidaoguoduxingranliaozai “cujinnengyuanzhuanxing,bingquebaonengyuananquan”dejiaose。

weilecujinzhuanxing,qihouzijinjiangfahuizhongyaodepinghengheguoduzuoyong,fazhanzhongguojiaxuyaozijinlaijiakuaixinnengyuantixidejianshe。juyuce,weileshixianquanqiuqihoumubiao,dao2030nianquanqiumeinianxuchouji4.3wanyimeiyuandeqihouxiangguanzijin,muqiandezijinquekouyexuyaotianbu。

“1.5°cmubiaojihuichuangkouzhengzaiguanbi,quanqiupandiandeyiyizaiyubangzhugeguoshulibingrenkezheizhongchaju,bingxingchengnengjiuzhengpianchadejutijucuo,”shangdaozonghenglingtanshouxizhuanjiacaoyuanduijiemianxinwenpingjia,“quanqiupandiandiandinglehouxugeguogengxindendcs(zhi2035nian)dedixian,ruguoweinengduiqiquanqiupandiandegongshi、huobeirenweiquefaxiongxin,zemianlinguojishehuidezhize,zheijiushi《balixieding》xiaqudongjitixingdongxiang1.5°cmubiaoshouliandeokrjizhi”。ndcsshizhigeguogenjuzishenqingkuangzhidingdeqihoubianhuaxingdongmubiao,baokuowenshiqitikongzhimubiao、shiyingmubiao、zijinhejishuzhichideng。

caoyuanjiangquanqiupandianbiyuweizhidingqihouxingdongokrsuoxuyaode“jilunjizhi”,jijianglianxuzhuandonghuowangfanyundongzhuanbianweidanxiangyundong,fangzhinizhuan,zhijinbutui。“mei5nianzhengqunengshoujinjizhunyidian,baozhangbingzhujianqujinzhangqimubiao。quanqiupandiandebiaoxiantixianleyouguojiazizhuzhidingmubiaodejizhixiaolv,yiranshixianlebubushouliandeyuqi,keyichengweikaoyanguoguan。”tashuodao。

msciqihoubianhuatouziyanjiubumenzhixingdongshisylvain vanstonzerenwei,zheicifenghuichenggongdachengxieyi,“zhengmingleduobianzhuyiduiyuquanqiuyingduiqihoubianhuayouzhongyaoyiyi”。

“deyiyuzailianheguoqihoufenghuisuoqudedejincheng,gonggonghesiyingbumendelingxiudouduiqihoufengxianyoulegengshenrudelejie。ruguomeiyouzheixiefenghui,zhengfuheqiyebianbuhuiyoudongliqutigaoqihoumubiao,quanqiujingjituotandeluxiantuyebuhuicunzai,fazhanzhongguojiayebuhuiyouqihouzhuanxingsuoxudekuangjiahuozijin。”sylvain vanstonpingjiacheng。

参与大会的中国身影

canyucop28de200duogeguojiaxiangqiyefachuleyigexinxi:ruguoshehuiyaojiangcop28dachengdexieyizhuanhuaweishizhixingdong,qiyejiubixugaibianqixiaoshoudechanpin、shengchanfangshihuogongyingshang。

hualongjituanzongcailiuchangjinniandiercicanjiaqihoudahui,tamenshizhongguoshoujiaxuanbutanzhongheguihuadegongwujigongsi。hualongdeappkeyirangkehuchakanzijizheitanghangbandetanpaifangqingkuang,bingzaijijicaigoukechixuhangkongranyou(saf)。“wozaihuichangkandaobutongxingyeqiyedeqihoushijian,biruyoujiazuolvsehuanbaoshipindeqiye,woxiangwomenkeyigengduobazheileishipinfangzaiwomendelvsehuanbaocanheli,tigongjikehu。”liuchangduijiemianxinwenfenxiangcanhuiganshou,“henduoqiyezailvsehuanbaofangmianyoujiujie,yinweihuanbaojucuoyiweizhefangqiyibufenlirun、tourugengduochengben,danzheishidaqushi,burutizaobuju。”

cop28delvquchuchuangcunzhongyou100duojiaqihoulingyujishuchuchuanggongsi,hangaikechixujiaotong、nongye、taiyangnengdengduogelingyu。chuanglengkejishiyijiayiwudianzhilengtucengweihexinchanpindekejichuchuanggongsi,zaicicicop28dahuizhong,gongsichuangshirenzhiyizhuyihaoboshizaiweiyulvqudechuchuangcunzhongzhanshitamendeyewu,tagaosujiemianxinwen,“zhongdongshigongsidemubiaoshichangzhiyi,zheiciliandongzhongdongdiqudailishangyiqicanjiacop28dahuilaituidonggongsidechuangxinjishu,haixiwangzuoyixieshangwutuozhan。”yingduizhongdongzaowanwenchadadehuanjing,tamenkaifaleyikuanyoudanxingdetuliao,yijingzaidibaigouwuzhongxinheabuzhabideqiuzhangwanggongyingyong。

yongxuquanqiuhuanjingyanjiusuogaojixiangmuguanyuanchenyunzhuzebijiaoguanxinquanqiunongcundiqudenengyuanzhuanxingwenti。“guangdanongcunmaibuqixinnengyuanshebei,xuyaonenggouguimohuanongcunxinnengyuanshichangdechuangxinjizhi。”tamenyurenliziyuanhebaohujijinhuihezuo,zaijuyoujigaotaiyangnengqianlideyindunixiyakaizhanhezuo,bangzhuweiyuyindunixiyafudi、dichujijubaohujiazhidesenlinzhongde54genongcunjiating,weitamentigongkezaishengnengyuan。

tengxuntanzhongheshiyanshizaidahuishangfabuleditanjishupingtaitanliveguojiban,pingtaiyongyuduijiegeleiditanchuangxinjishu、jigou、kehu、meitihetouzizhe。“bujinshizaiguoneituidongpingtaidegongzuo,yezaishijiequanqiufanweineixunzhaozuihaodeditanjishuchuangxin,ranhouzhaodaozuihaodechangjingquyingyong,zhaodaozuihaodeshichang,nengrangzheixiechuangxinjishugenghaodifazhanheshangyehua。”xuhaoshuo。

tacanjialebiergaicidetuponengyuanfengxiantouzigongsi(bev)dehuodong,faxiantamentouzideyixieditanjishu,zaizhongguoyeyouqiyezaizuo。birutanxunjihua(touzizhichiccusjishudejihua)liyoujiaqiyeyongdianhuaxuefangfa,jiangeryanghuatanhaiyuanchengyiyanghuatan,ranhoujialvqinglaizhizuojiachun、yierchun、yichun,zaiyanshenshengchanchugezhongsuliaohuohuaxuecailiao,keyiyingyongdaorichangshenghuodefangfangmianmian。

“bevzaihaiwaiyoutouzheiyangdegongsi,womenyexuanchuleleisideqiye,zheixieqiyedoushizaiquanqiufanweineishaixuanzhengqude,erzheiyangdeqiyezaialabobandaodiquzheizhongrizhaotiaojianchongzudeshichang,youhenheshidefazhankongjian,dianjieshuizhiqingdechengbenyegengdi,haikeyiyudangdidechuantongyouqixingyezuopipei,bangzhuzhuanxing。”xuhaoxiangjiemianxinwenfenxiang,zaidahuixingchengzhong,tamenyezaigenzhongdongdetouzirenhemasidaercheng(alianqiuguihuazhongdehuanbaocheng)kaifaguanweihuijiaoliujishuluodidekenengxing。

“chuleyijinglingxiandetaiyangnengfengnengdengjishu,zhongguoshishijieshangzuihaodeditanjishushiyanchangzhiyi,”xuhaorenwei,“zhongguocongxianzaidao2030nian、2040nian,kenengdouhuishiquanqiugezhongditanjishushidiantebiehuoyuedequyu。”zheicicop28fabulequanqiuditanchuangxinlianmeng,tengxunyecanyuqizhong,ciwaihaiyouweiruan、linkedin、ximenzi、shinaide、maikenxi、yazhoujichusheshitouziyinxingdengqiye。

qinghuadaxuewankegonggongweishengyujiankangxueyuanjiaoshouhuangcunruizeguanzhudao,jinnianqihoudahuifeichangzhongshijiankangyiti。“henduotaolundouziranerranditandaoduirenleijiankangdeyingxiang,jiankangbeirenweishiyingduiqihoubianhuadeyigehexinmubiao。youqiyaobaohucuiruorenqunmianshouqihoubianhuadechongji。”huangcunruigaosujiemianxinwen,“yinciwomenyaojiakuaishiyingzijindemujiheluodi,duikenengshouyingxiangdeguojiaherenqunjiyubangzhu。”

canjiawancop28shougejiankangrihuodong,yazhouqingjiekongqizhongxinbeijingdaibiaochushouxidaibiaofulujiangshulezijideganshou。“zheishicopshouciweiraoqihoujiankangyitizhankaizhuanmenyantao,zaihuichangneiwaidouyinfaleduofanggaoduguanzhu。youweifayanzhebiaoshi,tadenvergaosuta,buyaozaizhishuojiangqiwenkongzhizaijidu,eryaogaosugongzhongqihoubianhuajijiankangdailaideyingxiang,zuochugaibiankeyidailaiduoshaojiankangxiaoyi,zheiyifenxiangjiwoliuxialeshenkeyinxiang。” 

zaicop28shang,jin120geguojiaqianshuleyifenguanyuqihouyujiankangdexuanyan。zaifulukanlai,chuxicop28deweishengbuzhangrenshuchuangxiajilu、jin120geguojiaqianshuqihouyujiankangxuanyandengbiaozhixingshijian,yiweizheguojishehuiyuelaiyuezhongshiqihoujiankangyiti,bingzhubujiangrenshizhuanhuaweixingdong。

cop29、cop30muqianquedingjiangfenbiezaiasaibaijiang、baxijuban。2025nianbaxijubandecop30dahuishang,geguojiangtijiaoxinyilundeguojiazizhugongxian(ndcs),yejiangshifeichangzhongyaodeyingduiqihouwentijiedian。

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